Virocana, Virocanā: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Virocana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Virochana.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Virocana (विरोचन).—General information. An asura. He was the son of Prahlāda and the father of Mahābali. Three sons Virocana, Kumbha and Nikumbha were born to Prahlāda by his wife Dhṛti. Virocana, though an asura, performed rites and rituals carefully. He was kind towards Brahmins. His son Bali became famous and got the name Mahābali. (Mahābhārata Ādi Parva, Chapter 65, Stanza 19). (See full article at Story of Virocana from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)
2) Virocana (विरोचन).—A son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. He was also called Durvirocana. This Virocana was present at the Svayaṃvara marriage of Draupadī. (Mahābhārata Ādi Parva, Chapter 185, Stanza 2).
3) Virocanā (विरोचना).—An attendant of Subrahmaṇya. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 46, Stanza 30).
4) Virocanā (विरोचना).—Daughter of Prahlāda the asura king. Tvaṣṭā married her. A son named Viraja was born to this couple. (Bhāgavata, Skandha 5). In Vāyu Purāṇa, it is stated that the hermit Triśiras also was born to Tvaṣṭā by Virocanā.
1a) Virocana (विरोचन).—A son of Prahlāda, and father of Bali. Took part in the Devāsura war between Bali and Indra, and fought with Savitā;1 the Daitya king residing in the fifth talam: served as calf for the Asuras to milk the earth: killed by Indra in the Tārakāmaya war.2 Laughed at by Śukra: in the sabhā of Hiraṇyakaśipu.3
- 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 24. 18; VI. 18. 16; VIII. 10. 20 and 29; Matsya-purāṇa 6. 10; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 21. 1.
- 2) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 20. 35; 36. 210; III. 5. 41; 72. 79 and 105; Matsya-purāṇa 10. 21; 47. 48 and 72; 172. 14; 178. 67: 245. 12 and 45.
- 3) Ib. 61. 4-5; 72. 6-10; 161. 78.
1b) An Asura of the Mahātalam.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 50. 34.
2) Virocanā (विरोचना).—The queen of Tvaṣṭri, and mother of Viraja.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 15. 15; Vāyu-purāṇa 84. 19.
Virocana (विरोचन) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.59.19, I.65, II.9.12, I.177.2) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Virocana) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Virocanā also refers to the name of a Lady mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.45.28).
Virocana (विरोचन) refers to the son of Prahlāda and grandson of Hiraṇyakaśipu, according to one account of Vaṃśa (‘genealogical description’) of the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, Diti gives birth to two demons Hiraṇyakaśipu and Hiraṇyākṣa. Hiraṇyakaśipu has four sons—Prahlāda, Anuhlāda, Saṃhlāda and Hlāda. Hiraṇyakaśipu was killed by Narasiṃha. [...] Then Prahlāda ascended the throne. His son was Virocana who was killed by Viṣṇu and his son Bali became the king.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Virocana (विरोचन) was a soldier in Sunītha and Sūryaprabha’s army whose strength is considered as equaling a tripple-power warrior (triguṇaratha), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 47. Accordingly, as the Asura Maya explained the arrangement of warriors in Sunītha’s army: “... [Virocana, and others], these princes are of triple power”.
The story of Virocana was narrated by the Vidyādhara king Vajraprabha to prince Naravāhanadatta in order to relate how “Sūryaprabha, being a man, obtain of old time the sovereignty over the Vidyādharas”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Virocana, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Virocana (विरोचन) refers to “the demon son of Prahlāda Mahārāja and the father of Bali Mahārāja”. (cf. Glossary page from Śrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Virocana (विरोचन):—[virocanaṃ] Excessive defecation
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Virochana (Sanskrit: विरोचन), in Hindu mythology, was an asura, son of Prahlada (Sanskrit: प्रहलाद) and father of Bali. In the Atharvaveda (VIII.10.22) he was mentioned as the son of Prahlada. According to the Chandogya Upanishad (VIII.7.2-8.5), he and Indra went to Prajapati to learn about the atman (self) and lived there, practising brahmacharya for thirty-two years. But at the end, he misunderstood Prajapati's teachings and preached the asuras to worship the sharira (body) as the atman. Thus, asuras started adorning the body of a deceased with perfumes, garlands and ornaments.
Virochana was the son of Prahalada, and the grandson of Hiranyakashipu. His son Bali is known for his role in Vishnu's Vamana incarnation.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Nine kappas ago there were three kings of this name, all previous births of Salapupphadayaka (Aijuna) Thera. Ap.i.169; ThagA.i.186.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Biology (plants and animals)
Virocana in India is the name of a plant defined with Boerhavia diffusa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Boerhavia adscendens Willd. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Observationum Botanicarum (Jacquin) (1771)
· Mant. Pl. Altera (1771)
· Fl. Cochinch. (1790)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Flora Indica, or ‘Descriptions of Indian Plants’ (1832)
· Actes de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris (1792)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Virocana, for example diet and recipes, extract dosage, health benefits, side effects, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
virocana : (nt.) shining.
virocana (ဝိရောစန) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[vi+ruca+yu．virocana-saṃ．viroyaṇa-prā,addhamāgadhī．]
[ဝိ+ရုစ+ယု။ ဝိရောစန-သံ။ ဝိရောယဏ-ပြာ၊ အဒ္ဓမာဂဓီ။]
[Pali to Burmese]
virocana—
(Burmese text): (၁) ထွန်းတောက်ပသော။ (၂) တင့်တယ်သော။ (န) (၃) ထွန်းတောက်ပခြင်း။ (၄) ထွန်းတောက်ပရာ (ဌာန)။ ဝိရောစနဋ္ဌာန-ကြည့်။ (၅) အထူးထူး အပြားပြားပြခြင်း။ (ပု) (၆) (သုညကမ္ဘာ၌ဖြစ်သည့်) ဝိရောစနမည်သော စကြဝတေးမင်း။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Shining brightly. (2) Dazzling. (3) The act of shining brightly. (4) The place of shining brightly (department). See the Dazzling department. (5) Specially showing off. (6) The cosmic deity named Dazzling who exists in the zero universe.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Virocana (विरोचन).—1 The sun; दीप्तिनिर्जितविरोचनादयं गां विरोचनसुतादभीप्सतः (dīptinirjitavirocanādayaṃ gāṃ virocanasutādabhīpsataḥ) Śiśupālavadha 14.74.
2) The moon; (somamathāvravīt) समं वर्तस्व भार्यासु मा त्वां शप्से विरोचन (samaṃ vartasva bhāryāsu mā tvāṃ śapse virocana) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 9.35.57.
3) Fire.
4) Name of the son of Prarhāda and father of Bali; Śi. 14.74.
5) A species of करञ्ज (karañja) tree.
6) A species of श्योनाक (śyonāka).
-nam 1 Light, lustre.
2) Propounding (ālocana); विशुद्धविज्ञानविरोचनाञ्चिता विद्याऽत्मवृत्तिश्चरमेति भण्यते (viśuddhavijñānavirocanāñcitā vidyā'tmavṛttiścarameti bhaṇyate) A. Rām. 7.5.15.
Derivable forms: virocanaḥ (विरोचनः).
Virocana (विरोचन).—(1) (= vairocana 2; compare Sanskrit virocana, Lex. and once in late lit., Schmidt, Nachträge, fire; so also AMg. viroyaṇa), a certain gem: kāṃścid °na-maṇi- ratnāvabhāsān Gaṇḍavyūha 519.24 (prose); (2) name of a Buddha, perhaps the ‘transcendent’ B. otherwise called Vairocana (3): Gaṇḍavyūha 240.21; 241.10 (verses); (3) name of a former Buddha (probably not = 2; compare Vairocana 4): Lalitavistara 171.10 (verse), so Lefm. with ms. A, other mss. and Calcutta (see LV.) Vairo° (meter indecisive); (4) name of a yakṣa: Mahā-Māyūrī 52.
Virocana (विरोचन).—m.
(-naḥ) 1. The sun. 2. The moon. 3. Fire. 4. The son of the sovereign Prahlada. E. vi before ruc to shine, causal form, aff. lyuṭ or yuc .
Virocana (विरोचन).—i. e. vi-ruc + ana, I. m. 1. Fire. 2. The sun. 3. The moon. Ii. (n. ?), Light, lustre, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 448.
Virocana (विरोचन).—[adjective] illuminating; [masculine] the sun.
1) Virocana (विरोचन):—[=vi-rocana] [from vi-ruc] mfn. shining upon, brightening, illuminating, [Mahābhārata]
2) [v.s. ...] m. the sun or the god of the sun (also applied to Viṣṇu), [Mahābhārata; Rājataraṅgiṇī]
3) [v.s. ...] the moon, [Mahābhārata ix, 2025]
4) [v.s. ...] fire, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] a species of Karañja, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] a species of Syonāka, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [v.s. ...] Name of an Asura (son of Prahrāda or Prahlāda and father of Bali and Mantharā or Dīrgha-jihvā), [Atharva-veda] etc., etc.
8) Virocanā (विरोचना):—[=vi-rocanā] [from vi-rocana > vi-ruc] f. Name of one of the Mātṛs attendant on Skanda, [Mahābhārata]
9) [v.s. ...] of the wife of Tvaṣṭṛ (and mother of Viraja), [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
10) Virocana (विरोचन):—[=vi-rocana] [from vi-ruc] n. (?) light, lustre, [Horace H. Wilson]
Virocana (विरोचन):—[vi-rocana] (naḥ) 1. m. The sun, moon; fire; son of Prahlāda.
Virocana (विरोचन):—(von 1. ruc mit vi simpl. und caus.)
1) adj. erleuchtend, erhellend: sūryātsarvalokavirocanāt [Mahābhārata 12, 13338.] —
2) m. a) die Sonne, der Sonnengott [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 2, 31. 3, 4, 18, 111.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 97.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 4, 189.] [Medinīkoṣa Nalopākhyāna 207.] [Hārāvalī 11.] [Halāyudha 1, 36.] [Mahābhārata 3, 193. 5, 4920.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 6, 107.] als Beiw. Viṣṇu’s zwischen ravi und sūrya [Mahābhārata 13, 7043.] jayasvāmi wohl ein Heiligthum des Sonnengottes [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 448.] — b) der Mond [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 18, 111.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Mahābhārata 9, 2025.] — c) Feuer [Amarakoṣa] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1097.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] — d) Bez. verschiedener Pflanzen: = rohitaka, śyonākaprabheda und ghṛtakarañja [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — e) Nomen proprium eines Asura, eines Sohnes des Prahrāda (Prahlāda), Vaters des Bali und der Mantharā (Dīrghajihvā) [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 2, 8, 21] (suta) . [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā.8,10,22.] [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa.1,5,9,1.] [Chāndogyopaniṣad.8,7,2.] [Mahābhārata.1,2527. fg. 2,2315.5,1185. fgg. 12,3660. 6146. 8154. 8262. 12943.] [Harivaṃśa 189. 379. 2286. 2432. 12461. 13013. 13019. 13182. 13214. 13480. fgg.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1,27,19 (28,18 Gorresio). 6,36,104.] [Kapila.4,17.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 47,17.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 147.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa.5,24,18.6,18,15.8,10,20. 13,12.] [Oxforder Handschriften 78,b,16.] —
3) f. ā Nomen proprium a) einer der Mütter im Gefolge Skanda's [Mahābhārata 9, 2648.] — b) der Gattin Tvaṣṭar’s und Mutter Viraja's [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 15, 13.] — Vgl. durvirocana, vairocana, vairocani .
Virocana (विरोचन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Viroyaṇa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Virōcana (ವಿರೋಚನ):—
1) [noun] the quality or fact of being bright, splendid; splendidness.
2) [noun] light or brightness.
3) [noun] the sun.
4) [noun] the moon.
5) [noun] fire.
6) [noun] the tree Oroxylum indicum ( = Bignonia indica, = Calosanthes indica) of Bignoniaceae family.
7) [noun] name of a mythological demon king.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Rocana, Yu, Yu, Ao, Ruca, Vi.
Starts with (+0): Virocana Jataka, Virocanahetu, Virocanakula, Virocanalocana, Virocanam, Virocanan, Virocanasabhava, Virocanasanamaka, Virocanasuta, Virocanattha, Virocanatthana, Virocanatthananidassana, Virocanavadha.
Full-text (+62): Virocanasuta, Durvirocana, Vairocana, Virocana Jataka, Vairocani, Virocanavadha, Nanavirocana, Virocanasabhava, Jayasvamivirocana, Virocanatthana, Gunavirocana, Patibhanavirocana, Disavirocana, Virocanasanamaka, Virocanattha, Niruttivirocana, Virocanalocana, Dhammavirocana, Prahradi, Bali.
Relevant text
Search found 73 books and stories containing Virocana, Vi-rocana, Vi-rocanā, Vi-ruca-yu, Virocanā, Virōcana; (plurals include: Virocanas, rocanas, rocanās, yus, Virocanās, Virōcanas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Agriculture and Animal husbandry in the Puranas (by Purboshri Borpuzari)
Part 2 - The Myth of Pṛthu, the Son of Vena < [Chapter 3 - Purāṇic myths related to Agriculture]
Sankalpa Suryodaya of Venkatanatha (Critical Study) (by R. Laxmi)
The character of King Mahamoha < [Chapter 4a - Characterisation of the play]
Introduction—Philosophical doctrines in the Sankalpa-suryodaya < [Chapter 5 - Philosophical doctrines]
Chapter 5 - The mutual recrimination of Dambha and others < [Chapter 3 - Significance]
Brahmanda Purana (by G.V. Tagare)
Chapter 59 - The Birth of Vaivasvata < [Section 3 - Upodghāta-pāda]
Chapter 73 - Description of the glory of Viṣṇu < [Section 3 - Upodghāta-pāda]
Chapter 74 - Royal Dynasties < [Section 3 - Upodghāta-pāda]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)