Virata, Virāṭa, Viraṭa, Vīrata, Viratā, Virāta: 23 definitions

Introduction:

Virata means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Virta.

In Hinduism

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: ISKCON Press: Glossary

Virāṭa (विराट).—The King of the Matsyas. He unknowingly sheltered the Pāṇḍavas during their last year of exile. He took the side of the Pāṇḍavas and was killed by Droṇa during the Kurukṣetra war.

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Virāṭa (विराट) refers to:—A pious king of the country of Matsya; the father of Uttarā. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

Vaishnavism book cover
context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Wisdom Library: Varāha-purāṇa

Virāṭa (विराट).—The son of Naya, who was the son of Gaya, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 74. Gaya was the son of Ananta, whose ancestral lineage can be traced to Svāyambhuva Manu, who was created by Brahmā, who was in turn created by Nārāyaṇa, the unknowable all-pervasive primordial being. Virāṭa had a son named Sudhīmān.

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Virāṭa (विराट).—General information. The King of Matsya country. During the pseudonymity of the Pāṇḍavas this King sheltered them. At the end of the pseudonymity of one year, the Kauravas had stolen the cows of Virāṭa. In the fight which ensued Arjuna entered the battlefield with Uttara, the son of King Virāṭa, and defeated the Kauravas and proclaimed that the life of pseudonymity was over. After that Abhimanyu married Uttarā the daughter of Virāṭa. (Mahābhārata Virāṭa Parva). (See full article at Story of Virāṭa from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)

2) Virāṭa (विराट).—The country called Matsya. King Virāṭa was the ruler of this country. (See under Virāṭa).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Virāṭa (विराट).—The father of Uttarā: the Matsya king; as a friend of Jarāsandha, besieged the southern gate of Mathurā, and the eastern gate of Gomanta.1 But he joined the Pāṇḍavas against the Kurus, and went to Syamantapañcaka for the solar eclipse;2 in charge of Dakṣiṇāpatha.3

  • 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa I. 8. 14; 10. 9; X. 50. 11 [3]; 52. 11 [7].
  • 2) Ib. X. 78 [95 (v) 9]; 82. 25.
  • 3) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 63. 11.
Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Virāṭa (विराट) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.61.76) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Virāṭa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Virāṭa (विराट) is the name of an ancient country or sacred region, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 16) (“On the planets—graha-bhaktiyoga”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “[...] Mars also presides over Nāsika Bhogavardhana, Virāṭa, the countries bordering on the Vindhya mountains and over the people living on the banks of the Tāpī and the Gomatī. [...]”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Apam Napat: Indian Mythology

Virata was the King of Matsya Kingdom, adjacent to the Kingdom of Hastinapura, and their traditional foe. He had two sons, Shweta and Uttara, and a daughter named Uttara.

When the Pandavas had to spend the thirteenth year of their exile incognito, they chose to take up service with King Virata, disguising themselves as humble servants.

Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Virāṭa (विराट): King of Matsya, the country which was suggested by Bhima to live in incognito during the thirteenth year of their exile.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

1) Viratā (विरता) is the name of a Vidyādhara-city, situated on mount Vaitāḍhya (in the southern row), according to chapter 1.3 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.

Accordingly, “[...] Taking their families and all their retinue and ascending the best of cars, they went to Vaitāḍhya. [...] Ten yojanas above the earth, King Nami made fifty cities on the mountain in a southern row [viz., Viratā]. Nami himself lived in Śrīrathanūpuracakravāla, the capital city among these cities. [...] The two rows of Vidyādhara-cities looked very magnificent, as if the Vyantara rows above were reflected below. After making many villages [viz., Viratā] and suburbs, they established communities according to the suitability of place. The communities there were called by the same name as the community from which the men had been brought and put there. [...]”.

2) Viratā (विरता) is the wife (of Aparājita?), according to chapter 5.2 [śāntinātha-caritra].—Accordingly:—“Enjoying manifold pleasures, Śārṅgadhara (=Anantavīrya?) and Sīridhara (=Aparājita?) passed the time, immersed in bliss like gods. Baladeva had a wife, Viratā, and a daughter, Sumati, originated in her womb Even from childhood, she followed the religion taught by the Omniscient, knowing the Principles, jīva, ajīva, etc, rich in the performance of penance. Observing the twelve lay-vows unbroken, she was always occupied with pūjās to the Arhats and service to gurus. [...]”.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

virata : (pp. of viramati) abstaining from.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Virata, (pp. of viramati) abstaining from (Abl.) Sn. 59, 531, 704, 900, 1070; Nd1 314; Nd2 591; VvA. 72; Sdhp. 338. (Page 633)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

virata (विरत).—p S Stopped, ceased, rested, come to a stand. 2 Freed from carnal or worldly desires and passions.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Viraṭa (विरट).—

1) A kind of black agallochum.

2) The shoulder.

Derivable forms: viraṭaḥ (विरटः).

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Virata (विरत).—p. p.

1) Ceased or desisting from (with abl.).

2) Rested, stopped, ceased.

3) Ended, concluded, at an end; विरतं गेयमृतुर्निरुत्सवः (virataṃ geyamṛturnirutsavaḥ) R.8.66.

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Virāṭa (विराट).—

1) Name of a district in India.

2) Name of a king of the Matsyas. The Pāṇḍavas lived incognito in the service of this king for one year, (the thirteenth of their exile) having assumed different disguises. His daughter Uttarā was married to Abhimanyu and was mother of Parīkṣit who succeeded Yudhiṣṭhira to the throne of Hastināpura.

Derivable forms: virāṭaḥ (विराटः).

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Vīrata (वीरत).—heroism.

Derivable forms: vīratam (वीरतम्).

Vīrata is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms vīra and ta (त).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Viraṭa (विरट).—m.

(-ṭaḥ) 1. The name of a king. 2. The shoulder. 3. A black kind of Agallochum.

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Virata (विरत).—mfn.

(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) Stopped, ceased, rested. E. vi before ram to stop or rest, aff. kta .

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Virāṭa (विराट).—m.

(-ṭaḥ) 1. A country, one of the midland division of India, probably Berar. 2. A sovereign. E. vi before raṭ to sound, aff. ghañ .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Virāṭa (विराट).—m. The name of a country.

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Vīratā (वीरता).—[vīra + tā], f. Heroism.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Virata (विरत).—[adjective] having desisted or ceased from ([ablative]), [neuter] [impersonally]; having given up or resigned ([ablative] or —°).

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Virāṭa (विराट).—[masculine] [Name] of an ancient king.

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Vīratā (वीरता).—[feminine] vīratva [neuter] manliness, heroism.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Viraṭa (विरट):—m. the shoulder, [Horace H. Wilson]

2) a kind of black Agallochum, [ib.]

3) Name of a king, [ib.]

4) Virata (विरत):—[=vi-rata] a vi-rati etc. See under vi√ram below.

5) [=vi-rata] [from vi-ram] b mfn. stopped, ceased, ended, [Rāmāyaṇa; Kālidāsa] etc. (n. [impersonal or used impersonally] e.g. virataṃ vācā, ‘the speech ended’ [Kathāsaritsāgara])

6) [v.s. ...] one who has given up or resigned or ceased or desisted from ([ablative], [locative case], or [compound]), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

7) Virāṭa (विराट):—[from vi-rāj] m. Name of one of the midland or northwest districts of India (perhaps Berar), [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

8) [v.s. ...] Name of an ancient king of a particular district in India, (the Pāṇḍavas being obliged to live in concealment during the thirteenth year of their exile, journeyed to the court of this king and entered his service in various disguises), [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa] etc.

9) [v.s. ...] Name of Buddha, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) Vīratā (वीरता):—[=vīra-tā] [from vīra > vīr] (vīra-) f. heroism, manliness, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā; Mahābhārata etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Viraṭa (विरट):—(ṭaḥ) 1. m. Name of a king; the shoulder; black agallochum.

2) Virata (विरत):—[vi-rata] (taḥ-tā-taṃ) a. Stopped; rested.

3) Virāṭa (विराट):—[vi-rāṭa] (ṭaḥ) 1. m. A midland country of India; a sovereign.

4) Vīratā (वीरता):—(tā) 1. f. Heroism.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Virata (विरत) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Viraya, Virāḍa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Virata in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Virata (विरत) [Also spelled virat]:—(a) detached, disaffected; desisted, disengaged; indifferent; ~[ti] detachment; disaffection, indifference, disengagement.

2) Virāṭa (विराट) [Also spelled virat]:—(a) colossal, gigantic, enormous, huge; hence ~[] (nf).

3) Vīratā (वीरता) [Also spelled virta]:—(nf) heroism; bravery, valour, daring, gallantry; ~[pūrṇa] heroic, brave, valorous, gallant; ~[pūrvaka] bravely, heroically, valiantly, gallantly.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Virata (ವಿರತ):—

1) [adjective] stopped; blocked; thwarted.

2) [adjective] git ease; ceased from work or exertion; rested.

3) [adjective] that has come to an end; ended.

4) [adjective] detached from worldly attachments, passions, possessions, etc.

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Virata (ವಿರತ):—

1) [noun] = ವಿರಕ್ತ [virakta]2.

2) [noun] (jain.) a jaina ascetic.

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Virāṭa (ವಿರಾಟ):—[adjective] very big; huge; colossal; enormous; immense; gigantic.

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Virāṭa (ವಿರಾಟ):—[noun] the quality of being gigantic, colossal; gigantism.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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