Ripu, Rì pù, Ri pu: 28 definitions
Introduction:
Ripu means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Ripu (रिपु).—Grandson of Dhruva. Two sons called Śiṣṭi and Bhavya were born to Dhruva by his wife Śambhū. Śiṣṭi’s wife Succhāyā deliverd five sons, i.e. Ripu, Ripuñjaya, Vipra, Vṛkala and Vṛkatejas. Cākṣuṣa Manu was born as the son of Ripu by his wife Bṛhatī. (Viṣṇu Purāṇa, Part 1, Chapter 13).
1a) Ripu (रिपु).—A son of Yadu.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 23. 20.
1b) Son of Varāngī and Divamjaya; married Bṛhatī; father of Cākṣuṣa.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 36. 101; Vāyu-purāṇa 62. 87.
1c) A son of Babhru;1 killed by Yauvanāśva in a battle which lasted for 14 months.2
1d) (also Vairī). Even though insignificant, not to be neglected. It was Bhūta that slew Hiraṇyakaśipu, and a woman Caṇḍikā that killed Niśumbha, Śumbha and Mahiṣa.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 21. 43 and 55.
1e) A son of Śiṣṭi(ī) and Succhāyā, wife Bṛhatī; his son Cākṣuṣa.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 4. 39; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 13. 2.
Ripu (रिपु) refers to one of the five sons of Chāyā and Sṛṣṭi: one of the four sons of Dhruva, according to the Vaṃśa (‘genealogical description’) of the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, [...] Uttānapāda’s son was Dhruva who achieved the highest place of worshipping Nārāyaṇa. Dhruva had four sons—Sṛṣṭi, Dhanya, Harya and Śaṃbhu; they all were Vaiṣṇavas. Chāyā gave birth to five sons of Sṛṣṭi; they were Ripu, Ripuṃjaya, Vipra, Vṛṣala and Vṛkatejas. Bṛhatī the wife of Ripu gave birth to Cakṣuṣa.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to a “foe”, and is mentioned in verse 2.27 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “One shall not proclaim somebody (to be) one’s enemy nor oneself (to be) somebody’s foe [viz., Ripu] nor contempt nor (one’s) master’s ungraciousness”.
Note: Śatru (“enemy”) and Ripu (“foe”) have both been rendered by dgra (“enemy”), without regard to the stylistic variation in the original Sanskrit.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Ripu (रिपु, “enemy”) refers to one of the sixty defects of mantras, according to the 11th century Kulārṇava-tantra: an important scripture of the Kaula school of Śāktism traditionally stated to have consisted of 125.000 Sanskrit verses.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Śrī Devī: “For those who do japa without knowing these defects [e.g., ripu—enemy], there is no realization even with millions and billions of japa. [...] Oh My Beloved! there are ten processes for eradicating defects in Mantras as described. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to “enemies”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If the lunar eclipse should terminate at the southern point of the disc, the termination is known as dakṣiṇa-kukṣi (right abdomen): the king’s son will suffer and the enemies [i.e., ripu] in the south may then be defeated in wars. If the lunar eclipse should terminate at the northern point of the disc, the termination is techincally known as vāma-kukṣi (left abdomen): pregnant women will miscarry and crops will suffer to some extent”
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to an “enemy” which is specified as the consequence of a doorway (dvāraphala) at Nāga (one of the peripheral padas of the 9 by 9 deity map), according to the Devyāmata (chapter 105).—Accordingly, [while describing the consequences of a doorway]—“[...] There is loss of wealth at Śoṣa and disease at Pāpayakṣman. Eight deities have been listed, in the house facing west. Those facing north are listed next, in sequence, from the northwest on. At Roga is bondage. At Nāga (Vāsuki) is an enemy (ripu—ripuḥ syān nāgasaṃjñike). [...]
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to “enemies”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 15.4cd-7ab, while describing protection rituals]—“Since all Rakṣasas run away and are killed, then O Devi, I call [white mustard seeds] rakṣoghna. They spread on Earth and in all battles between demons and the chiefs of gods. [Mustard seeds] are employed as killers of villains in order to accomplish the destruction of enemies (ripu-nāśana). Since their purpose is accomplished then they are called white mustard on Earth. They take away pride in evil-minded spirits”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to an “enemy (i.e., a opponent)”, and represents a characteristic of “incompetent witnesses—asākṣin” (in the ancient Indian judicial system), according to the Yājñavalkya-smṛti and its commentaries such as the Mitākṣarā (by Vijñāneśvara Bhikṣu) and Vīramitrodaya (by Mitramiśra).—Accordingly, [in verse 2.68ff] “A woman, a minor, an old man, a rogue, an intoxicated person, one violent, one against whom an accusation has been brought, a stage-dancer, a heretic, a forger, one deformed, One degraded, a relative, one having an interest in the subject-matter (of the suit), an ally, an enemy (ripu), a thief, a desperado, one who has been found guilty, an outcast, and the like others are incompetent witnesses (asākṣin)”.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Ripu (रिपु) refers to “enemies”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Those who were born as enemies (ripu) [in a life] previously indeed become your friends whose friendship is fixed in this life on account of the power of fate”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Ripu.—(IE 7-1-2), ‘six’. Note: ripu is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
ripu (रिपु).—m (S) An enemy, a foe.
ripu (रिपु).—m An enemy, a foe.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Ripu (रिपु).—[rap un pṛṣo° Uṇādi-sūtra 1.26]
1) An enemy, a foe, an opponent.
2) A hostile planet.
3) Name of the sixth astrological house.
4) Ved. A cheat, rogue.
Derivable forms: ripuḥ (रिपुः).
Ripu (रिपु).—m.
(-puḥ) An enemy. E. rap to speak, to abuse, aff. un, and i substituted for the radical vowel.
Ripu (रिपु).—probably lip + u (r for l, or rather the original sound), m. An enemy, [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 168.
Ripu (रिपु).—[adjective] deceitful, treacherous; [masculine] impostor, cheat, adversary, enemy, [abstract] tā† [feminine]
1) Ripu (रिपु):—[from rip] mfn. deceitful, treacherous, false, [Ṛg-veda]
2) [v.s. ...] m. a deceiver, cheat, rogue, [ib.]
3) [v.s. ...] an enemy, adversary, foe, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] (in [astrology]) a hostile planet, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
5) [v.s. ...] Name of the 6th astrological house, [ib.]
6) [v.s. ...] a gall-nut, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [v.s. ...] Name of a son of Ślīṣṭi, [Harivaṃśa]
8) [v.s. ...] of a son of Yadu and Babhru, [Purāṇa]
Ripu (रिपु):—(puḥ) 2. m. An enemy.
Ripu (रिपु):—(von 1. rip) [Uṇādisūtra 1, 27.]
1) adj. betrüglich, verrätherisch; m. Betrüger, Schelm; später Widersacher, Feind [das 3, 24] (= stena). [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 1, 10.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 728.] [Halāyudha 2, 300.] [Ṛgveda 1, 36, 16.] dipsanta.idri.avo.nāha debhuḥ [147, 3. 148, 5. 2, 23, 16.] pāśā ri.ave.vicṛttāḥ [27, 16. 34, 9.] mā sakhya.dakṣaṃ ri.orbhujema falscher Freund [4, 3, 13.] ste.ā adṛśranri.avo.janāsaḥ [5, 3, 11.] nettvā ste.aṃ yathā ripuṃ tapāti.sūro a.ciṣā [79, 9. 7, 104, 10. 6, 51, 7. 13.] du.a.yetū ripave.martyāya [7, 65, 3. 8, 11, 4. 22, 14. 23, 15. 10, 185, 2.] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 19, 49, 9.] na kūṭairāyudhairhanyādyudhyamāno raṇe ripūn Feinde [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 7, 90. 98. 171. 183. 186. 200.] nipātin [Mahābhārata 3, 2492. 12, 4275.] sūdana [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 52, 8.] [Suśruta 1, 108, 10.] balavati ripau vā suhṛdi vā [Spr. 309.] lobhānna cānyo sti ripuḥ pṛthivyām [1137.] balena kiṃ yaśca ripūnna bādhate [1301.] na kaścitkasyacinmitraṃ na kaścitkasyacidripuḥ . kāraṇādeva jāyante mitrāṇi ripavastathā .. [1344.] rakta [2634.] ātmaiva hyātmano mitramātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ [3703.] bhujocchinnaripu [Raghuvaṃśa 2, 23.] bhaya Gefahr von Seiten des Feindes [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 53, 86. 119.] bala ein feindliches Heer [74, 3.] ghna [79, 12.] han (haṇa [Mahābhārata 10,
620) 101, 13. 104, 23.] vaśatva [79, 24.] nāgakulāntaka [Rājataraṅgiṇī 1, 89.] śakra [Mahābhārata 3, 11912.] krauñca [Spr. 64]; vgl. [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 10] (wo die v. l. ripu st. ari hat) und madana, madhu . In der Astrol. ein feindlicher Planet [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 69, 6.] —
2) m. Bez. des 6ten astrologischen Hauses: ripugate gurau [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 104, 28.] [BṚH. 7, 14. 9, 4.] [LAGHUJ. 1, 15.] bhavana n. dass. [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 104, 15.] bhāva m. dass. [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 878.] sthāna n. dass. [Oxforder Handschriften 330,a,2 v. u.] —
3) m. Nomen proprium eines Sohnes des Śliṣṭi [Harivaṃśa 68. fg.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 98.] des Yadu [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 9, 23, 20.]
Ripu (रिपु):——
1) Adj. betrüglich , verrätherisch. —
2) m. — a) Betrüger , Schelm. — b) Widersacher , Feind In der Astrol. ein feindlicher Planet. — c) das sechste astrologische Haus. Auch bhavana n. , bhāva m. und sthāna n. — d) *Gallapfel [Rājan 12,144.] — e) Nomen proprium eines Sohnes des Śliṣṭi , des Yadu und des Babhru ([Wilson's Uebersetzung des Viṣṇupurāṇa 4,118]).
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Ripu (रिपु):—(nm) an enemy, a foe; ~[ghātī/ghna/damana/sūdana] a destroyer of the enemy; ~[tā] enmity, hostility.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Ripu (ರಿಪು):—
1) [noun] a person who hates another, and wishes or tries to injure him; a foe; an enemy.
2) [noun] (astrol.) the sixth house from the birth-house.
--- OR ---
Rīpu (ರೀಪು):—[noun] = ರಿಪೀಸು [ripisu].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Ripu (ரிபு) noun < ripu. Enemy; பகைவன். [pagaivan.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Ripu (रिपु):—n. an adversary; an enemy; a foe; adj. skillful; talented; clever; competent;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Pali-English dictionary
ripu (ရိပု) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[rapa+u．rapatyavaṇaṃ rajateti ripu,u ittaṃ．,ṭī．344．ripu-saṃ riu,ripu,rivu-prā．]
[ရပ+ဥ။ ရပတျဝဏံ ရဇတေတိ ရိပု၊ ဥ ဣတ္တံ။ ဓာန်၊ဋီ။၃၄၄။ ရိပု-သံ ရိဥ၊ရိပု၊ရိဝု-ပြာ။]
[Pali to Burmese]
ripu—
(Burmese text): ရန်သူ။
(Auto-Translation): Enemy.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Chinese-English dictionary
日曝 [rì pù] refers to: “to put out in the sun”.
日曝 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] nhật bộc.
[Korean] 일폭 / ilpok.
[Japanese] ニチバク / nichibaku.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Rapa, U, Pu, Ou, Fu, Ri.
Starts with (+13): Ripubala, Ripubhava, Ripubhavana, Ripubhaya, Ripucchandas, Ripudarpa, Ripughatin, Ripughatini, Ripughna, Ripuha, Ripuja, Ripujaya, Ripukala, Ripukesari, Ripumalla, Ripumardana, Ripumardin, Ripunashana, Ripunipatin, Ripunjaya.
Full-text (+211): Ripunjaya, Krimiripu, Mrigaripu, Madhuripu, Asuraripu, Muraripu, Riputa, Timiraripu, Andhakaripu, Chardikaripu, Ripughatin, Krauncaripu, Shadripu, Kalanemiripu, Mararipu, Ripurakshasa, Madanaripu, Paparipu, Narakaripu, Ahiripu.
Relevant text
Search found 76 books and stories containing Ripu, Rapa-u, Rì pù, Ri pu, Rīpu, Rìpù, 日曝; (plurals include: Ripus, us, Rì pùs, Ri pus, Rīpus, Rìpùs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Sutta 1: The Elimination of Three Defilements < [Part 125 - Ekottara-Agama (Numbered Discourses)]
Chapter 46: The Chapter on Leaving the Palace and Going Forth from Home, Part 1 < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Chapter 18: Subduing Mara < [Part 187 - Lalitavistara (translated by Divakara)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 18 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 22 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 279 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 8.4 < [Chapter 8 - Literary Qualities]
Text 9.47 < [Chapter 9 - Ornaments of Sound]
Text 1.11 < [Chapter 1 - The Purpose of Poetry]
Manasollasa (study of Arts and Sciences) (by Mahadev Narayanrao Joshi)
2. Concept of Dharma and Danda < [Chapter 3 - Social and Political conditions reflected in Somesvara’s Manasollasa]
The Nervous System in Yoga and Tantra (Study) (by Ashok Majumdar)
9. Vishnu or Hridaya Granthi Bheda < [Chapter 2 - The Eight Components of Yoga]