Jivatman, Jīvātman, Jivatma, Jīvātmā, Jiva-atman: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Jivatman means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaJīvātman (जीवात्मन्).—(The induvidual life or soul). The Aparabrahman (which is next to the highest Brahman) that is so minute and subtle is called Jīvātman. Parabrahman is God almighty. It is mentioned in Taittirīyopaniṣad about this aparabrahman as follows :
"Tasmād vā etasmādātmana ākāśaḥ sambhūtaḥ, ākāśād vāyuḥ vāyoragniḥ, agnerāpaḥ adbhyaḥ pṛthvī pṛthivyā oṣadhayaḥ oṣadhibhyo annam annāt puruṣaḥ sa vā eṣa puruṣo annamayaḥ." (See full article at Story of Jīvātman from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhagavad-gita (4th edition)Jīvātmā (जीवात्मा) refers to “the spirit soul (See jīva)”. (cf. Glossary page from Śrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā).
Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamJīvātmā (जीवात्मा) refers to:—(or Jīva)The living being, or spirit soul; the eternal, individual soul who, in the conditioned state of material existence, assumes a material body in any of innumerable species of life. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchJīvātma (जीवात्म) refers to the “individual self”, according to the Kulārṇavatantra (verse 9.15, 17).—Accordingly: “Just as water poured into water, milk into milk and ghee into ghee, so there is no distinction between the individual self (jīvātma) and the supreme self”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: WikiPedia: HinduismSanskrit; lit: 'the individual self';
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: archive.org: The Indian Buddhist IconographyJīvātman (जीवात्मन्) refers to the “individual soul”.—The individual soul is variously called the Bodhisattva (Bodhi Essence), Bodhicitta (Will to Enlightenment), Jīvātman (individual soul) while the Infinite or the Universal soul is variously known as Śūnya Brahma and Paramātman. When they combine in the state of the highest meditation and concentration, an artificial condition akin to deep sleep is brought about, and the deity appears in the mind sky in flashes and sparks. The nature of the Jīvātman being finite, it is not possible to realise the Infinite in its entirety, that is to say, the result of the mystic experience of the Jīvātman also remains finite.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English DictionaryJīvātmā (जीवात्मा).—m (S Disting. from śivātmā or paramātmā The superior or pure soul, emanating from the Deity.) The sentient or personal or distinct soul; the vital principle proceeding from that emanation of the Deity which, incorporated, confers upon its subject life, sensation, and action.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-EnglishJīvātmā (जीवात्मा).—m The sentient or personal soul.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्).—m. the individual soul enshrined in the human body (as opposed to paramātman 'the Supreme Soul').
Jīvātman is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms jīva and ātman (आत्मन्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्).—m.
(-tmā) The vital principle or spirit; that spiritual essence which renders bodies susceptible of motion or sensation. E. jīva life, and ātman soul or spirit. jīvati jīva ac karma0 .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्).—m. the individual soul, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 6, 16, 2.
Jīvātman is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms jīva and ātman (आत्मन्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्).—[masculine] the living or individual soul.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्):—[from jīva > jīv] m. the living or personal or individual soul (as distinct from the paramāt q.v.), the vital principle, [Tarkasaṃgraha; Bhāgavata-purāṇa vi, viii; Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha iv;vii, 57.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryJīvātman (जीवात्मन्):—[jīvā+tman] (tmā) 5. m. Animal life, opposed to spiritual life.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusJīvātma (ಜೀವಾತ್ಮ):—[noun] an entity which is regarded as a) being the principle of life, b) the immortal or spiritual part of the person and, c) a distinct entity separate from the body, and is credited with the functions of thinking and willing, and hence determining all behaviour; the soul.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil LexiconJīvātmā (ஜீவாத்மா) noun < jīvātmā. See சீவான்மா. [sivanma.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryJīvātmā (जीवात्मा):—n. the individual soul; the personality self; vital principle in the body; the supreme soul;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Full-text (+26): Jiva, Paramatman, Jivatuma, Moksha, Individual self, Civanma, Hamsatma, Pranatman, Tatpadartha, Antaratma, Shivatma, Tadatmaya, Samsarin, Tvampadartha, Kincijjna, Yoga, Aniruddha, Prithagatman, Calikanatam, Sharira.
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Search found 128 books and stories containing Jivatman, Jeevaathmaa, Jeevatma, Jīva-ātmā, Jiva-atma, Jīva-ātman, Jiva-atman, Jivadhma, Jivadma, Jivathma, Jivatma, Jīvātmā, Jīvātma, Jīvātman; (plurals include: Jivatmans, Jeevaathmaas, Jeevatmas, ātmās, atmas, ātmans, atmans, Jivadhmas, Jivadmas, Jivathmas, Jivatmas, Jīvātmās, Jīvātmas, Jīvātmans). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Chandogya Upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
Sixth Adhyaya, Third Khanda (4 mantras)
Sixth Adhyaya, Fifth through Seventh Khandas (16 mantras)
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 2.17 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Verse 13.23 < [Chapter 13 - Prakṛti-puruṣa-vibhāga-yoga]
Verse 18.18 < [Chapter 18 - Mokṣa-yoga (the Yoga of Liberation)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 177 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 472 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 1]
Page 450 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Self-Knowledge in Krishnamurti’s Philosophy (by Merry Halam)
1. Introduction to the concept of Self < [Chapter 2 - The Self]
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