Ala, Aḷa, Āla, Āḻā: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Ala means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Aḷa can be transliterated into English as Ala or Alia, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Aala.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Wisdom Library: KathāsaritsāgaraĀla (आल) is the name of a monkey that was trained to swallow money, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 57. Accordingly, “and the monkey [Āla], being trained to swallow money, did so. Then she [Yamajihvā] said: ‘Now, my son, give twenty to him, twenty-five to him, sixty to him, and a hundred to him’. And the monkey [Āla], as often as Yamajihvā told him to pay a sum, brought up the exact number of dīnārs, and gave them as commanded”.
The story of Āla was narrated by Marubhūti to Naravāhanadatta in order to demonstrate that “courtesans have no goodness of character”, in other words, that “there never dwells in the minds of courtesans even an atom of truth, unalloyed with treachery, so a man who desires prosperity should not take pleasure in them, as their society is only to be gained by the wealthy, any more than in uninhabited woods to be crossed only with a caravan”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Āla, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)Āla (“banyan”) refers to one of the several “attributes” (āyudha) or “accessories” of a detiy commonly seen depicted in Hindu iconography, defined according to texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The śilpa texts have classified the various accessories under the broad heading of āyudha or karuvi (implement), including even flowers, animals, and musical instruments. The fruits found in connection with the deities or held in the hands of the deities are, for example, Āla.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraAla (अल) refers to the “channel” [?] (that which pierces the tube), according to the Svacchanda-tantra.—Accordingly, [verse 7.216cd-217, while describing the meditation on the kālahaṃsa]—“After [this, the Yogin] visualizes the heart lotus, with sixteen petals, situated in the opening of the channel that pierces the tube (nāḍibhinna-ala-randhra-stha) [i.e., the lotus stem. He imagines] a white, radiant, completely full moon, endowed with sixteen parts, and with his body in the shape of a lotus pericarp. [Then, he pictures] the self, It is to be imagined [as seated] in the middle of that [moon], and is as spotless as pure crystal. [The self is] pervaded with amṛta, [which washes over him] in a wave from the ocean of the milky nectar of immortality”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsAla [ಆಲ] in the Kannada language is the name of a plant identified with Ficus benghalensis L. from the Moraceae (Mulberry) family. For the possible medicinal usage of ala, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Ala in Ghana is the name of a plant defined with Milicia excelsa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Chlorophora tenuifolia Engl. (among others).
2) Ala in India is also identified with Bombax ceiba It has the synonym see Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794–1865) and Stephan Friedrich Ladislaus Endlicher, Meletemata botanica. 35. Wien 1832.) (Salmalia Schott & Endl., from salmali, a Sanskrit name for Salmalia malabarica. (etc.).
3) Ala is also identified with Elettaria cardamomum It has the synonym Zingiber minus Gaertn. (etc.).
4) Ala is also identified with Ficus benghalensis It has the synonym Ficus cotonifolia Stokes (etc.).
5) Ala is also identified with Zingiber officinale It has the synonym Amomum angustifolium Salisb., nom. illeg. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Voyage autour du Monde, entrepris par Ordre du Roi, … éxécuté sur les Corvettes de S. M. l’Uranie et la Physicienne … Botanique (1826)
· Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London (1812)
· Zingiberoideae.
· Bull. Sichuan Sch. Chinese Mater. Med. (1987)
· Enumeratio plantarum (1805)
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Ala, for example health benefits, side effects, extract dosage, diet and recipes, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryala : (m.; nt.) claw of a crab, etc.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary1) Ala, 2 (adj.) (alaṃ adv. as adj.) enough, only in neg. anala insufficient, impossible M.I, 455; J.II, 326 = IV.471. (Page 78)
2) Ala, 1 frequent spelling for aḷa. (Page 78)
— or —
Aḷa, (etym. unknown) 1. the claw of a crab M.I, 234; S.I, 123; J.I, 223, 505 (°chinno kakkaṭako; T. spells ala°); II, 342; III, 295;— 2. the nails (of finger or toe) (?) in °chinna one whose nails are cut off Vin.I, 91. (Page 80)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryaḷa (अळ).—f C aḷaī f (Better aḷī) A maggot which infests grain and fruit: also a little creature of the caterpillar kind.
--- OR ---
āla (आल).—f A tree (Morinda citrifolia) from the roots of which a red color is extracted for staining leather, dyeing silks &c.
--- OR ---
āḷa (आळ).—m f A false accusation. v ghē, ghāla, yē. Pr. ēka āḷa āṇi ēka mahāāḷa Once a false accusation, and soon very serious injury. 2 fig. A mere appearance, guise, semblance, shadow of: as puru- ṣācā āḷa māña The form or shadow of a man; brāhmaṇācā āḷa, śipāyācā or śipāīgirīcā āḷa.
--- OR ---
āḷa (आळ).—m f Longing or hankering after: also importunate begging or beseeching. v ghē, pāḷa, purava. 2 f R A lane, an alley, a row. 3 m R Commonly āḷā.
--- OR ---
āḷā (आळा).—m A binding or tie; any thing used to bind or fasten (a bundle, a bale &c.) 2 Confinement, cohibition, control, restraint: also contraction, limitation, restriction. v ghāla, tuṭa. āḷyānta asaṇēṃ-rāhaṇēṃ-vāgaṇēṃ-cālaṇēṃ To be in obedience or subjection. āḷā piḷaṇēṃ To twist (by means of the ōḷadāṇḍī) the āḷā or binding of the ākharī & sāṭā of a cart.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishaḷa (अळ).—f aḷaī f (or aḷī f) A maggot which infests grain or fruit.
--- OR ---
āla (आल).—f A tree from the root of which a red color is obtained.
--- OR ---
āḷa (आळ).—m f A false accusation; guise; longing after. f A lane.
--- OR ---
āḷā (आळा).—m A binding or tie; control; con- traction. āḷayānta, asaṇēṃ-rāhaṇēṃ Be in obe- dience or subjection.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAla (अल).—[al-ac]
1) The sting in the tail of a scorpion.
2) Yellow orpiment; cf. आल (āla).
Derivable forms: alam (अलम्).
--- OR ---
Āla (आल).—a. [ā-al-paryaptau ac]
1) Large, extensive.
-laḥ, -lam 1 Spawn, any discharge of venomous matter from poisoncus animals; °अक्त (akta) anointed with poison as an arrow.
2) Trick, fraud; येषां श्रुतमालजालाय (yeṣāṃ śrutamālajālāya) K.288; °जालानि चिन्तयन्ती (jālāni cintayantī) 31.
3) Yellow arsenic, orpiment.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryAla (अल).—n.
(-laṃ) 1. The sting in the tail of the scorpion. 2. Yellow orpiment. E. ala to adorn, &c. and ac aff.
--- OR ---
Āla (आल).—mfn.
(-laḥ-lā-laṃ) Large, extensive. n.
(-laṃ) Yellow orpiment. E. ala to adorn, in the causal form, ac aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryĀla (आल).—[neuter] spawn, venomous matter (of animals).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Ala (अल):—n. the sting in the tail of a scorpion (or a bee), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. ali and alin)
2) (= āla q.v.) yellow orpiment, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) Āla (आल):—n. spawn
4) any discharge of poisonous matter from venomous animals, [Suśruta; Kauśika-sūtra]
5) yellow arsenic, orpiment, [Suśruta]
6) a disease affecting wheat, [Kauśika-sūtra] ([Scholiast or Commentator])
7) m. Name of an ape, [Kathāsaritsāgara 57, 136]
8) mfn. not little or insignificant, excellent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Ala (अल):—alati te 1. a. To adorn; be to able or competent to prevent.
2) (laṃ) n. Sting in the tail of a scorpion; yellow orpiment.
3) Āla (आल):—(laṃ) n. Yellow orpiment. a. Large, extensive.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Ala (अल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ala, Alā, Āla.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryĀlā (आला) [Also spelled aala]:—(nm) a niche or recess; an instrument; (a) superior; excellent; wet, moist;—[darje kā] of the first order.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Ala (अल) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Ala.
2) Alā (अला) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Alā.
3) Āla (आल) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Āla.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusAla (ಅಲ):—
1) [noun] the sting in the tail of the scorpion.
2) [noun] arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, having a lemon-yellow colour and a resinous lustre which is used as a pigment; orpiment.
--- OR ---
Alā (ಅಲಾ):—[interjection] an interjection expressing surprise.
--- OR ---
Aḷa (ಅಳ):—[noun] (dial.) thick bamboo splits used crosswise in making the roof of a house.
--- OR ---
Āla (ಆಲ):—
1) [noun] the tree Ficus bengalensis ( = F. indica) of Moraceae family, with rooting branches; banyan tree.
2) [noun] ಆಲದ ಪಣ್ [alada pan] ālada paṇ the fruit of the banyan tree (Ficus bengalensis); ಆಲದ ಬಿೞಲು [alada bilalu] ālada biłalu the shoot that grows from the branches of banyan tree (Ficus bengalensis) and which take root and form a new trunk; ಆಲದ ಮರ [alada mara] ālada mara = ಆಲ [ala]1.ಅಪ್ಪ ಹಾಕಿದ ಆಲಮರ ಅಂತ ನೇಣು ಹಾಕಿಕೊ [appa hakida alamara amta nenu hakiko] appa hākida ālada mara see under ಅಪ್ಪ [appa]1.
--- OR ---
Āla (ಆಲ):—
1) [noun] a thing or place that gives support, help, etc.
2) [noun] a person who helps, supports another.
--- OR ---
Āla (ಆಲ):—[adjective] having more breadth or width; broad; wide.
--- OR ---
Āla (ಆಲ):—
1) [noun] a liquid discharged by poisonous animals.
2) [noun] a silvery-white, brittle, very poisonous chemical element, compounds of which are used in making insecticides, glass, medicines, semiconductors, etc; arsenic.
3) [noun] the red lotus flower .
4) [noun] the red lotus plant.
5) [noun] the tail of a scorpion that contains poison.
6) [noun] the act or practice of deceiving; deception; a cheating.
--- OR ---
Āḷa (ಆಳ):—
1) [noun] the distance from the top downward, from the surface inward or from front to back; depth.
2) [noun] profundity of thought; intellectual depth.
3) [noun] that which cannot be seen from outside; inner feelings, thought, secret, etc.
4) [noun] ಆಳಕ್ಕೆ ಇಳಿ [alakke ili] āḷakke iḷi to go deep into (water or a subject being studied); 2. to probe deep; to examine intently; to search for the root or cause of; ಆಳವಾಗಿ ಆಭ್ಯಾಸಮಾಡು [alavagi abhyasamadu] āḷavāgi abhyāsamāḍu to study and understand thoroughly; ಆಳವಾದ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ [alavada pamditya] āḷavāda paṇḍitya learning acquired by reading and deep study; erudite scholarship; ಆಳನೋಡಿ ಹಾರು [alanodi haru] āḷanōḍi hāru to study the pros and cons of an undertaking before taking it up; look before you leap.
--- OR ---
Āḷa (ಆಳ):—[noun] the act or an instance of cheating; deceiving.
--- OR ---
Āḻa (ಆೞ):—
1) [noun] the distance from the top downward, from the surface inward or from front to back; depth.
2) [noun] profundity of thought; intellectual depth.
3) [noun] (fig.) that which cannot be seen from outside; inner feelings, thought, secret, etc.
4) [noun] ಆೞವಱಿ [alavari] āłavaṛi (fig.) to find out the strength.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil LexiconAla (அல) [alattal] 12 intransitive verb
1. To suffer, to be in distress; துன்பமுறுதல். அலந் தாரை யல்லனோய் செய்தற்றால் [thunpamuruthal. alan tharai yallanoy seytharral] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 1303).
2. To suffer privation, to be in want; வறுமைப்படு தல். அலந்தவர்க் குதவுதல் [varumaippadu thal. alanthavark kuthavuthal] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 133).
--- OR ---
Aḷa (அள) [aḷattal] [Kanarese, Malayalam: aḷa.] 12 transitive verb
1. To measure, fathom; அளவிடுதல். அடி யளந்தான் [alaviduthal. adi yalanthan] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 610).
2. To extend to, reach; எட்டுதல். மெளலியண்ட முகட்டினை யளப்ப [ettuthal. melaliyanda mugattinai yalappa] (கூர்மபுராணம் தக்கன்வேள். [kurmapuranam thakkanvel.] 16).
3. To test by the logical modes of proof; பிரமாணங்கொண்டறிதல். [piramanangondarithal.] (சிவஞானசித்தியார் சுபக்ஷம் அளவை. [sivagnanasithiyar supagsham alavai.] 4, சிவஞா. [sivagna.])
4. To consider; கருதுதல். ஊற ளந் தவர்வயின் [karuthuthal. ura lan thavarvayin] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 17).
5. To gossip; வீண்பேச் சுப்பேசுதல். வாயில் வந்தபடியெல்லாம் அளக்கிறான் [vinpes suppesuthal. vayil vanthapadiyellam alakkiran]
6. To limit, define, determine the bounds of; வரையறுத்தல். அவையளந் தறியினு மளத்தற் கரியை [varaiyaruthal. avaiyalan thariyinu malathar kariyai] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 20, 5).
7. To give, render, offer; கொடுத்தல். [koduthal.] (புறப்பொருள்வெண்பாமாலை [purapporulvenpamalai] 8, 29.) — intransitive verb
1. To talk together, hold converse; அளவளாவுதல். [alavalavuthal.] (கல்லாடம் [kalladam] 18, 36.)
2. To mingle, blend; கலத்தல். [kalathal.]
--- OR ---
Ālā (ஆலா) noun
1. White-bellied sea-eagle, Haliaetus leucogaster; கடற்கரைப் பறவை வகை. [kadarkaraip paravai vagai.]
2. Marsh tern, living on insects, Sterna fluviatilis; பறவை வகை. ஆலாவுங் கொக்கு மருகே வருகுது [paravai vagai. alavung kokku maruge varuguthu] (திருக்குற்றாலக் குறவஞ்சி [thirukkurralag kuravanchi] 97, 3).
--- OR ---
Āḻā (ஆழா) [āḻāttal] 12 intransitive verb < ஆழ்¹-. [azh¹-.] To be immersed, absorbed; ஈடுபடுதல். அருளின் பெருநசையா லாழாந்து [idupaduthal. arulin perunasaiya lazhanthu] (நாலாயிர திவ்யப்பிரபந்தம் திருவாய்மொழி [nalayira thivyappirapandam thiruvaymozhi] 2, 1, 8).
--- OR ---
Āḷā (ஆளா) [āḷātal] [āḷ-ā] intransitive verb < ஆள்² [al²] +.
1. To become a servant or devotee; அடிமையாதல். [adimaiyathal.] (நாலாயிர திவ்யப்பிரபந்தம் பெரியதி. [nalayira thivyappirapandam periyathi.] 11, 7, 9.)
2. To become eminent, distinguished; பெருமையடைதல். ஊரில் அவர்தான் ஆளாயுள்ளவர். [perumaiyadaithal. uril avarthan alayullavar.]
3. To attain puberty, used only with reference to girls; பருவமடைதல். அந்தப் பெண் ஆளானாள். [paruvamadaithal. anthap pen alanal.]
--- OR ---
Ala (அல) [alattal] 12 transitive verb To desire; ஆசைப் படுதல். [asaip paduthal.] (சிவபிரகாசம் [sivapiragasam] 3.)
--- OR ---
Aḷa (அள) [aḷattal] 12 intransitive verb To tell venial lies; பொய்யுரை கூறுதல். [poyyurai kuruthal.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryĀlā (आला):—adj. → आलो [ālo]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+1514): Aalaapak, Al-amarcelvan, Al-amarkatavul, Al-ankatu, Al-ppara, Ala de chinaca, Ala de murcielago, Ala nao, Ala panai, Ala-abagama, Ala-enyi, Ala-neredu, Ala-sandi, Alaa, Alaa-patli, Alaadana, Alaakrut, Alaaulada, Alaba, Alabala.
Ends with (+9980): Aabala, Aaduthoda pala, Aaku paala, Aala, Aala aala, Aalapala, Aanebyala, Aattukanala, Aattukottappala, Abaddala, Abaddhamala, Abaddhamandala, Abagala, Abahala, Abajala, Abala, Abalabala, Abalagopala, Abanala, Abatamala.
Full-text (+624): Alam, Alankarana, Alamdhana, Alamkarmina, Al, Alamjivika, Alampashu, Alamkumari, Alambhushnu, Alamkara, Alampurushina, Alamgamin, Alamtama, Alammanas, Alamkriti, Alamkarya, Alamutaiyon, Alamjusha, Alampurva, Alamprajanana.
Relevant text
Search found 169 books and stories containing Ala, Ālā, Āḷā, Āḷa, Aḷa, Āla, Alā, Āḻa, Āḻā, Āḷ-ā, Al-a, Aalaa, Azha, Aazhaa; (plurals include: Alas, Ālās, Āḷās, Āḷas, Aḷas, Ālas, Alās, Āḻas, Āḻās, ās, as, Aalaas, Azhas, Aazhaas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.14.459-460 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Verse 3.3.80 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (3): Sambandha-samuddeśa (On Relation)]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.4.263 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]
Verse 2.2.15 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 1.7.99 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.17.1 < [Chapter 17 - Description of the Yogurt Theft]
Verse 1.16.51 < [Chapter 16 - Description of Śrī Rādhikā’s Wedding]
Verse 2.16.36 < [Chapter 16 - The Worship of Tulasī]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.10 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 10.136 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 10.195 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation (by S. Satyamurthi Ayyangar)
Pasuram 1.9.2 < [Section 9 - Ninth Tiruvaymoli (Ivaiyum avaiyum)]
Pasuram 5.10.6 < [Section 10 - Tenth Tiruvaymoli (Piranta arum)]
Pasuram 3.2.1 < [Section 2 - Second Tiruvaymoli (Munnir nalam)]
Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story) (by Somadeva)
Chapter LVII < [Book X - Śaktiyaśas]
Chapter LXXXV < [Book XII - Śaśāṅkavatī]
Chapter XC < [Book XII - Śaśāṅkavatī]