Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.459-460
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.459-460:
विभक्त्यन्तरयोगो हि यस्य तद्विषयान्तरे ।
विभक्त्यन्तरसम्बन्धः सामर्थ्यादनुमीयते ॥ ४५९ ॥
सारूप्यात् तु तदेवेदमिति तत्रोपचर्यते ।
शब्दान्तरे विभक्त्या तु युक्तं शास्त्रे तदश्रुतम् ॥ ४६० ॥sārūpyāt tu tadevedamiti tatropacaryate |
śabdāntare vibhaktyā tu yuktaṃ śāstre tadaśrutam || 460 ||
vibhaktyantarayogo hi yasya tadviṣayāntare |
vibhaktyantarasambandhaḥ sāmarthyādanumīyate || 459 ||459. That which has a particular case-ending in one place may be inferred to have another caseending in another context.
460. Because of resemblance, it would be recognised to be the same word...
Commentary
[If the case-ending actually used in a particular place has already played its part there, it can be changed if necessary in another place to suit the new context. As the stem would remain the same, the word with the changed case-ending would be recognised as the same. But this change of case-ending is not allowed in the original place where it is taught. This process of change is called ūha by the Mīmāṃsakas in their śāstra and it takes place only in connection with vikṛtiyāgas. In Grammar also, it can take place in a similar manner. For ins- tance, in P. 1.3.1., the word dhātavaḥ ends in the first case-ending and the sūtra is interpreted with that very case-ending. Thus, that case-ending has played its part in that sūtra. When the word dhātu is brought into the later sūtras, to complete their meaning, the first case-ending may not fit there. For instance, in P. 1.3.12. the word dhātu is brought in to complete the meaning but now the fifth case-ending is added to it. Sometimes, though rarely, the case-ending actually used may be actually meant to stand for others also. For instance, in P. 1.1.56., the word analvidhau is a compound in which the term al-vidhi has been deliberately used in the following senses: alaḥ-parasya vidhiḥ = al-vṛdhiḥ, alo vidhiḥ = al-vidhiḥ, ali vidhiḥ = al-vidhiḥ, alā vidhiḥ = al-vidhiḥ. But that is not the case here. Here the word kriyā must be interpreted with its first case-ending.]