Sanskrit quote nr. 23 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अकर्णधाराशुगसंभृताङ्गतां गतैररित्रेण विनास्य वैरिभिः ।
विधाय यावत्तरणेर्भिदामहो निमज्ज्य तीर्णः समरे भवार्णवः ॥akarṇadhārāśugasaṃbhṛtāṅgatāṃ gatairaritreṇa vināsya vairibhiḥ |
vidhāya yāvattaraṇerbhidāmaho nimajjya tīrṇaḥ samare bhavārṇavaḥ ||⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦¦
⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦¦
Meter name: Upajāti (Vaṃśastha and Indravaṃśa); Type: Akṣaracchanda (sama); 12 syllables per quarter (pāda).
Primary English translation:
“Lo, without any armour, his enemies pierced by unbarbed arrows, crossed the ocean of existence, sinking low in battle and piercing their way through the entire solar orb (i.e., went to the highest heaven as a reward for being killed in battle).”
(translation by K. K. Handiqui)
Index
- Introduction
- Glossary of terms
- Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
- Sources
- Authorship
- About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Akarnadhara (akarṇadhāra, अकर्णधार, akarṇadhārā, अकर्णधारा): defined in 1 categories.
Ashuga (asuga, āśuga, आशुग): defined in 4 categories.
Sambhritanga (sambhrtanga, sambhṛtāṅga, सम्भृताङ्ग): defined in 1 categories.
Ta (tā, ता): defined in 11 categories.
Gata (गत): defined in 10 categories.
Aritra (अरित्र): defined in 4 categories.
Vina (vinā, विना): defined in 21 categories.
Vi (वि, vī, वी): defined in 8 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Vairin (वैरिन्): defined in 11 categories.
Vidha (विध): defined in 11 categories.
Yavat (yāvat, यावत्): defined in 4 categories.
Tarani (taraṇi, तरणि): defined in 10 categories.
Bhid (भिद्): defined in 2 categories.
Bhida (bhidā, भिदा): defined in 6 categories.
Ni (नि, nī, नी): defined in 9 categories.
Tirna (tīrṇa, तीर्ण): defined in 5 categories.
Samara (समर): defined in 11 categories.
Bhavarnava (bhavārṇava, भवार्णव): defined in 3 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), Prakrit, Kannada, Pali, Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Tamil, Buddhism, Jainism, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Hinduism, Kavya (poetry), Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Ayurveda (science of life), Kosha (encyclopedic lexicons), Biology (plants and animals), Gitashastra (science of music), Kamashastra (the science of Love-making), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Nepali, Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “akarṇadhārāśugasaṃbhṛtāṅgatāṃ gatairaritreṇa vināsya vairibhiḥ”
- akarṇadhārā -
-
akarṇadhāra (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]akarṇadhāra (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]akarṇadhārā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- āśuga -
-
āśuga (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]āśuga (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- sambhṛtāṅga -
-
sambhṛtāṅga (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]sambhṛtāṅga (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- tām -
-
tā (noun, feminine)[accusative single]sā (noun, feminine)[accusative single]
- gatair -
-
gata (noun, masculine)[instrumental plural]gata (noun, neuter)[instrumental plural]
- aritreṇa -
-
aritra (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]aritra (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- vinā -
-
vinā (indeclinable postposition)[indeclinable postposition]vi (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]vi (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]vī (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- asya -
-
√as -> asya (absolutive)[absolutive from √as]a (noun, masculine)[genitive single]idam (pronoun, masculine)[genitive single]idam (pronoun, neuter)[genitive single]√as (verb class 4)[imperative active second single]
- vairibhiḥ -
-
vairi (noun, masculine)[instrumental plural]vairin (noun, masculine)[instrumental plural]vairin (noun, neuter)[instrumental plural]
- Line 2: “vidhāya yāvattaraṇerbhidāmaho nimajjya tīrṇaḥ samare bhavārṇavaḥ”
- vidhāya -
-
vidha (noun, masculine)[dative single]vidha (noun, neuter)[dative single]
- yāvat -
-
yāvat (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yāvat (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yāvat (noun, masculine)[compound]yāvat (noun, neuter)[nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- taraṇer -
-
taraṇi (noun, masculine)[ablative single], [genitive single]taraṇi (noun, feminine)[ablative single], [genitive single]
- bhidām -
-
bhid (noun, feminine)[genitive plural]bhid (noun, masculine)[genitive plural]bhid (noun, neuter)[genitive plural]bhidā (noun, feminine)[accusative single]
- aho* -
-
ahan (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]ahar (noun, neuter)[adverb]√has (verb class 1)[aorist active second single]
- ni -
-
ni (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]ni (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]ni (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]nī (noun, masculine)[adverb]nī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]nī (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- majjya -
-
√majj -> majjya (participle, masculine)[compound from √majj]√majj -> majjya (participle, neuter)[compound from √majj]√majj -> majjya (absolutive)[absolutive from √majj]√majj -> majjya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √majj]√majj -> majjya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √majj]
- tīrṇaḥ -
-
tīrṇa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√tṝ -> tīrṇa (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √tṝ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √tṝ class 3 verb], [nominative single from √tṝ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √tṝ class 6 verb]
- samare -
-
samara (noun, masculine)[locative single]
- bhavārṇavaḥ -
-
bhavārṇava (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
Sources
This quote is contained within the following Sanskrit literary sources:
Naiṣadhacarita 12.71: Literally “The narrative of Niṣadha”. A Sanskrit epic poem. Also known as simply Naiṣadha. The story relates the history of Nala (King of Niṣadha) and Damayantī (daughter of Bhīma, king of Vidarbha). They are both characters from the Mahābhārata. The book was written by Śrīharṣa in the 12th century.
More info
Subhāṣitāvalī 2559: This is a compilation of Collection of 3527 subhāṣita verses authored by 360 poets. The book was compiled by Vallabhadeva in 1417-67 A.D..
More info
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 23 and can be found on page 5. (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.