Vairin, Vairi, Vairī: 21 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Pancaratra
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
In Jainism
1. General definition
Biology
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Prakrit
5. Kannada
6. Tamil
See also
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Introduction:

Vairin means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Vairin (वैरिन्) refers to “enemies”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.22 (“Description of Pārvatī’s penance”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada: “O sage, listen to another surprising influence of the penance of Pārvatī, the mother of the universe. [...] Lions and cows prone to the passions of love, hatred etc. ceased to harass one another, thanks to her greatness. O excellent sage, creatures like cats, mice etc. who are born enemies [i.e., vairin—nisargādvairiṇo] to one another did not exhibit any bad characteristics there. O excellent sage, trees bore fruits, grasses grew in plenty and flowers of variegated nature and colour blossomed there. The entire forest became comparable to Kailāsa as it were the achievement of her penance”

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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: University of Vienna: Sudarśana's Worship at the Royal Court According to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā

Vairin (वैरिन्) refers to “enemies” (of the king), according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “When kings are overpowered by enemies with an army (or: by strong enemies), when cities are burnt down and the Kings’ army is driven away, when people in various districts do not have access to food [and other goods]—if the kingdom is thus oppressed by the enemies’ army, oh Great Sage, and if in this inadequate situation the King’s enemies are unimpeded (avyucchinna-vairin), he should have a sixteen-armed Sudarśana constructed [and properly installed, for his power is] without obstacles”.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Vairin (वैरिन्) refers to an “enemy (of the Buddha)”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 10).—Accordingly, “[Question: What are the works of Māra?]—[Answer].—[...] Furthermore, if people have had to undergo happiness and misfortune in the course of successive lifetimes, the causes are the fetters as well as king Māra, who is called the enemy of the Buddha (buddha-vairin), the thief of the holy ones. Because he destroys [100a] the actions of all who are ascending the current, because he has a horror of nirvāṇa, he is called Māra”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Vairin (वैरिन्) refers to the “enemies (of desire)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “[com.—Next he speaks about the enemies (vairān) of desire (lobhasya)]—Tolerance of anger and humility towards pride, moreover straightforwardness towards deception [and] abandonment of attachment, these are the enemies (dviṣa) [com.—vairin] of desire respectively. Yogis continually drive away desire and dislike through equanimity or through the state of non-attachment , and they drive away wrong faith through the application of right faith”.

Synonyms: Vaira, Dviṣa, Arāti.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Vairi in India is the name of a plant defined with Salacia reticulata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· J. Nutr. (1819)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2002)
· Pharmaceutical Biology (2005)
· Bioorg. Med. Chem.

If you are looking for specific details regarding Vairi, for example chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, diet and recipes, health benefits, side effects, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

Vairī (वैरी).—m (S) An enemy, 2 also as a Hostile, inimical.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

Vairī (वैरी).—m An enemy. a Hostile.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Vairin (वैरिन्).—a. [vairamastyasya ini] Hostile, inimical. -m.

1) An enemy; शौर्ये वैरिणि वज्रमाशु निपतत्वर्थोऽस्तु नः केवलम् (śaurye vairiṇi vajramāśu nipatatvartho'stu naḥ kevalam) Bh. 2.39; महाशनो महापाप्मा विद्ध्येनमिह वैरिणम् (mahāśano mahāpāpmā viddhyenamiha vairiṇam) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.37; R. 12.14.

2) A hero, brave person.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vairin (वैरिन्).—mfn. (-rī-riṇī-ri) Hostile. m. (-rī) 1. An enemy. 2. A hero. E. vaira enmity, ini aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vairin (वैरिन्).—i. e. vaira + in, I. adj. 1. Heroic, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 32 (? Böhtl., as on an enemy). 2. Hostile, [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 100. Ii. m. 1. A hero. 2. An enemy, [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 121.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vairin (वैरिन्).—[adjective] inimical, [masculine] enemy.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Vairi (वैरि):—[from vaira] 1. vairi m. an enemy, [Pañcarātra] (perhaps vairiḥ [wrong reading] for vairī).

2) [v.s. ...] 2. vairi in [compound] for vairin.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Vairin (वैरिन्):—[from vaira] mfn. hostile, inimical

2) [v.s. ...] m. an enemy, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

3) [v.s. ...] a hero, [Horace H. Wilson]

4) [v.s. ...] (iṇī), a female enemy, [Cāṇakya; Kathāsaritsāgara]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vairin (वैरिन्):—[(rī-riṇī-ri) m.] An enemy; a hero. a. Hostile.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Vairin (वैरिन्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Vairi, Vairia.

[Sanskrit to German]

Vairin in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Vairī (वैरी):—(nm) an enemy, a foe, hostile person.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Vairi (वैरि) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Vairin.

Vairi has the following synonyms: Vairia.

2) Vairī (वैरी) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Vajrā.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Vairi (ವೈರಿ):—[adjective] having the feeling hostility, antagonism; hating; antagonistic.

--- OR ---

Vairi (ವೈರಿ):—[noun] a man who hates another and wishes or tries to injure him; a foe; an enemy.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Tamil dictionary

Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Vairi (வைரி) noun < vairin. Enemy; பகைவன். [pagaivan.]

--- OR ---

Vairi (வைரி) noun < வைரம்¹. [vairam¹.] See வைராகி [vairagi], 3.

--- OR ---

Vairi (வைரி) noun < Urdu bahri. Royal falcon; வல்லூறு. [valluru.] (W.)

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

Relevant text

Search found 9 books and stories containing Vairin, Vairi, Vairī; (plurals include: Vairins, Vairis, Vairīs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 4.8.11 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]

Verse 4.8.4 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]

Verse 2.1.234 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]

+ 7 more chapters / show preview

Verse 1.5.71 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]

Verse 1.4.44 < [Chapter 4 - Bhakta (the devotee)]

show preview

Text 10.171 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

Text 5.13 < [Chapter 5 - Second-rate Poetry]

Text 10.57 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

show preview

VIII. Recollection of Death (maraṇānusmṛti) < [Part 2 - The Eight Recollections according to the Abhidharma]