Samara, Sāmara, Shamara: 17 definitions
Introduction
Introduction:
Samara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Samar.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaSamara (समर).—One of the hundred sons of Pṛthuṣeṇa, a King of the Bharata dynasty (Bhāgavata, Skandha 9).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Samara (समर).—A son of Kāvya; had three sons.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 49. 54.
1b) One of the lineal descendants of Nīpa; capital Kampilya.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 99. 176.
1c) A son of Nīla and lord of Kāmpilya; father of three sons, Pāra and two others.*
- * Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 19. 40-1.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Wisdom Library: KathāsaritsāgaraSamara (समर) is the name of a Vidyādhara king from Vīrapura, as mentioned in the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 52. Accordingly, as Cāmuṇḍā said to Jīvadatta: “... there is a city on the Himālayas named Vīrapura, and in it there dwells a sovereign of the Vidyādharas named Samara. He had a daughter, named Anaṅgaprabhā, born to him by his Queen Anaṅgavatī”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Samara, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)Sāmara (“fan”) refers to one of the several “attributes” (āyudha) or “accessories” of a detiy commonly seen depicted in Hindu iconography, defined according to texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The śilpa texts have classified the various accessories under the broad heading of āyudha or karuvi (implement), including even flowers, animals, and musical instruments. The other miscellaneous articles found as attributes in the hands of the deities are, for example, Sāmara.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: HereNow4u: Lord Śrī MahāvīraSamara (समर) is the name of a garden visited by Mahāvīra during his eleventh year of spiritual-exertion.—Moving from Vraja village to Ālambhiyā, Śvetāmbikā, Sāvatthī, Kauśāmbī, Rājagṛha, Vārāṇasī, Mithilā, etc, the Lord arrived at Vaiśālī. Outside the city at the Baladeva temple in the Samara garden, accepting four-months fast, he became meditative and completed the rainy season halt there. Completing the rainy season halt, the Lord reached ‘Suṃsumārapura’.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarysamara : (nt.) battle.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionarySamara, (sa+mara) battle Dāvs. IV, 1 (Page 684)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarysamara (समर).—m S Battle, fight, conflict.
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sāmara (सामर).—& sāmarī Better sāmbara & sāmbarī.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishsamara (समर).—m Battle, fight. samarabhūmi f samarāṅgaṇa n A field of battle.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionarySamara (समर).—War, battle, fight: रजांसि समरोत्थानि तच्छोणितनदीष्विव (rajāṃsi samarotthāni tacchoṇitanadīṣviva) R.12.82: कर्णादयोऽपि समरात् पराङ्मुखीभवन्ति (karṇādayo'pi samarāt parāṅmukhībhavanti) Ve.3.
Derivable forms: samaraḥ (समरः), samaram (समरम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionarySamara (समर).—mn.
(-raḥ-raṃ) War, battle, conflict. E. sam with, together, ṛ to go, aff. ap .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionarySamara (समर).—i. e. sam-ṛ + a, I. m. and n. War, battle, [Hitopadeśa] 106, 10. Ii. m. A proper name, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 25.
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Sāmara (सामर).—adj. with the gods, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 53, 28.
Sāmara is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms sa and amara (अमर).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionarySamara (समर).—[masculine] samaraṇa [neuter] encounter, fight.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śamara (शमर):—(in roma-ś), [probably] = vivara, [Gopatha-brāhmaṇa]
2) Samara (समर):—[=sam-ara] a etc. See sam-√ṛ, p.1170.
3) [=sam-ara] [from sam-ṛ] b m. (or n. [gana] ardharcādī) coming together, meeting, concourse, confluence, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] (ifc. f(ā). ) hostile encounter, conflict, struggle, war, battle with (saha), [Śāṅkhāyana-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] Name of a king of the Vidyā-dharas, [Kathāsaritsāgara]
6) [v.s. ...] of a king of Kāmpilya, [Harivaṃśa]
7) [v.s. ...] of a brother of king Avantivarman, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
8) Sāmara (सामर):—mfn. with the immortals, accompanied by the gods, [Rāmāyaṇa; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionarySamara (समर):—[(raḥ-raṃ)] 1. m. n. War, battle.
[Sanskrit to German] (Deutsch Wörterbuch)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger WörterbuchŚamara (शमर):—, aśvasya sarvebhyo romaśamarebhyo ṅgārā āśīryanta [GOP. BR. 2, 18.]
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Samara (समर):—(von ar mit sam) [UJJVAL.] zu [Uṇādisūtra 3, 131] (parox.). m. und n. (dieses nicht zu belegen) gaṇa ardharcādi zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 2, 4, 31.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 5, 14.]
1) Zusammenlauf, Zusammenfluss; Ort des Z.: dhanānām [Ṛgveda 10, 139, 3. 6, 9, 2.] vasūnām [47, 6.] va.hānām [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 5, 20, 5.] sītā [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 7, 2, 3, 3.] —
2) feindlicher Zusammenstoss, Kampf [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 2, 73. 3, 4, 14, 66.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 796.] [Halāyudha 2, 298.] [Śāṅkhāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 15, 15, 12.] [BR. 7, 9] (asamarāya). [Mahābhārata 1, 1174. 3, 11979. 15724.] [Harivaṃśa 5457.] [Meghadūta 50.] [Raghuvaṃśa 12, 82. ed. Calc. 7, 33.] [Spr. (II) 3461. 5238.] [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 2, 19.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 4, 29. 20, 2. 43, 1. 47, 26.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 54, 214.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 1, 82.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 83, 6. 9.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 6, 12, 17.] devānāṃ saha dānavaiḥ [9, 6, 13. 14, 7.] [Hitopadeśa 106, 10.] samarāgra [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 42, 14.] vyasanin [Mṛcchakaṭikā 1, 20.] vimarda [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 5, 60.] samarāgama Ausbruch eines Krieges [8, 32.] śūra [16, 4.] am Ende eines adj. comp. (f. ā): pravaranṛvarābaddhasamarā dharā [27, 5.] iṣṭa [Harivaṃśa 1062.] kṛta [Rāmāyaṇa 7, 29, 40.] vitīrṇa [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 135.] asamaram adv. ohne Anstoss: abhyudaiti [Śāṅkhāyana’s Brāhmaṇa 8, 9.] —
3) Nomen proprium eines Fürsten von Kāmpilya [Harivaṃśa 1062. fg.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 452.] eines Fürsten der Vidyādhara [Kathāsaritsāgara 52,170.] eines Bruders des Fürsten Avantivarman [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 25.] — Vgl. sāmareya .
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Sāmara (सामर):—(2. sa + a) adj. sammt den Unsterblichen (Göttern) [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 53, 28.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 8, 7, 4.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionarySamara (समर) [Also spelled samar]:—(nm) a war; battle; -[taṃtra] strategy, tactics, war-tactics; ~[taṃtrī] tactician, strategist; ~[taṃtrīya] tactical, strategic; -[nīti] strategy; ~[baṃdha] a cartel; -[bhūmi] battlefield; ~[pota] a warship; -[vijayī] a conqueror; -[śūra] a brave fighter.
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Ara, Sha, Sam, Amara.
Starts with (+65): Samarabala, Samarabdha, Samarabdhatara, Samarabh, Samarabha, Samarabhata, Samarabhati, Samarabhi, Samarabhitva, Samarabhu, Samarabhumi, Samarabhya, Samaracana, Samaraddha, Samaradh, Samaradhana, Samaradhipa, Samaradhira, Samaraga, Samaragama.
Ends with: Asamara, Caturdanta-samara, Kilesamara, Kleshamara, Upasamara.
Full-text (+63): Samaroddesha, Samarasiman, Samarasarasamgraha, Samaramurdhan, Samarabhumi, Samarangana, Samarashiras, Samaravijayin, Sampara, Samarasvamin, Samaropaya, Samarika, Samaragama, Samaratithi, Samarocita, Samaramurddhan, Samarakamadipika, Samarabhu, Samaravasudha, Samaravyasanin.
Relevant text
Search found 16 books and stories containing Samara, Sa-amara, Sam-ara, Sāmara, Śamara, Shamara; (plurals include: Samaras, amaras, aras, Sāmaras, Śamaras, Shamaras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sri Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 4.3.16 < [Part 3 - Chivalry (vīrya-rasa)]
Verse 2.1.130 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
Lalitopakhyana (Lalita Mahatmya) (by G.V. Tagare)
The Garuda Purana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter CXL - Description of the race of puru < [Brihaspati (Nitisara) Samhita]
Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story) (by Somadeva)
Chapter LII < [Book IX - Alaṅkāravatī]
The Doctrine of Paticcasamuppada (by U Than Daing)
Chapter 1 - What Is Paticcasamuppada?
Chapter 11 - He Who Follows The Way Of Paticcasamuppada Follows The Way Of The Blind.
The Vishnu Purana (by Horace Hayman Wilson)
Chapter XIX - Dynasty of Puru < [Book IV]