Samraj, Samrāj, Samrāṭ, Samrat: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Samraj means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Samrāṭ (सम्राट्).—The grand-daughter of Manu Svāyambhuva and the daughter of Priyavrata, who had married the daughter of Kardama. Ten sons and two daughters named Samrāṭ and Kukṣi were born to Priyavrata. (Viṣṇu Purāṇa, Aṃśa 2, Chapter 1).
2) Samrāj (सम्राज्).—Son of Citraratha by Ūrṇā. He married Utkalā and the couple had a son called Marīci, who became very famous in after years. (Bhāgavata, Skandha 5).
Samrāj (सम्राज्) refers to the “emperor (of the gods)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.6 (“The miraculous feat of Kārttikeya”).—Accordingly, after the Brahmin named Nārada spoke to Kumāra (Kārttikeya): “On hearing his words, Śiva’s son, the emperor of the gods (deva-samrāj), sent his attendant Vīrabāhu on that mission. At his bidding, the great hero Vīrabāhu who bowed to his master with devotion started in search of it. He searched throughout the universe but nowhere did he find the goat (although) he heard about the havoc done by it. [...]”.
1a) Samrāṭ (सम्राट्).—A son of Citraratha and Ūrṇā; had a son Marīci on Utkalā.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 15. 14-15.
1b) Vairāja Puruṣa; got that name as having assumed the form of Sāma; also Vairāja Manu (see Vairāja).*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 9. 39; Vāyu-purāṇa 10. 15; 94. 23.
1c) The daughter of Kardama, the progenitor.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 14. 8.
1d) The title of a king who conquers all Bhāratavarṣa;1 the title of Hariscandra after his Rājasūya,2 of Kārtavīrya.3
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 16; Matsya-purāṇa 114. 15. Vāyu-purāṇa 45. 86;
- 2) Ib. 88. 118.
- 3) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 16. 23.
1e) A daughter of Priyavrata.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 33. 8; Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 1. 5.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Saṃrāj (संराज्) refers to a “sovereign (King)”, according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “Such a Court Officiant who is [himself] like a Guru to Kings is difficult to find. Such a one is verily capable of warding off the flood of misdeeds [and their consequences] for Kings. Therefore, he alone is able to perform the rituals of protection of Kings. He who has such a Guru [by his side] shall become a sovereign King (saṃrāj—saṃrāṇ nṛpatir bhavet), one with a long life, one free of enemies and diseases and a slayer of hostile heroes”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
India history and geography
Samrāṭ.—(EI 19, 22; CII 3, 4), imperial title; a paramount sovereign. Note: samrāṭ is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Samrāṭ (सम्राट्).—m (S) A paramount sovereign,--one who rules over other princes, and who has performed the Rajasuya sacrifice.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Samrāj (सम्राज्).—m.
1) A paramount sovereign, universal lord; especially one who rules over other princes and has performed the Rājasūya sacrifice; येनेष्टं राजसूयेन मण्डलस्ये- श्वरश्च यः । शास्ति यश्चाज्ञया राज्ञः स सम्राट् (yeneṣṭaṃ rājasūyena maṇḍalasye- śvaraśca yaḥ | śāsti yaścājñayā rājñaḥ sa samrāṭ) Ak.; R.2.5.
2) A ruler having a revenue to the extent of one to ten crores of Karṣa; ततस्तु कोटिपर्यन्तः स्वराट् सम्राट् ततः परम् । दशकोटिमितो यावद् विराट् तु तदनन्तरम् (tatastu koṭiparyantaḥ svarāṭ samrāṭ tataḥ param | daśakoṭimito yāvad virāṭ tu tadanantaram) Śukra.1.185.
Samrāj (सम्राज्).—[sam-rāj], m. A paramount sovereign, one who rules over other princes, and has performed the Rājasūya sacrifice; a sovereign, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 135.
Samrāj (सम्राज्).—[masculine] lord of the universe, sovereign ruler ([feminine] samrājñī); [Epithet] of Varuṇa, Indra, etc.
1) Saṃrāj (संराज्):—[=saṃ-√rāj] [Parasmaipada] -rājati ([infinitive mood] -rājitum, [Pāṇini 8-3, 25 [Scholiast or Commentator]]), to reign universally, reign over ([genitive case]), [Ṛg-veda] (cf. sam-rāj).
2) [=sam-rāj] m. ([from] saṃ- √rāj, [Pāṇini 8-3, 25]; [nominative case] samrāṭ) a universal or supreme ruler (a Name of Varuṇa, the Ādityas, Indra, Manu etc.), [Ṛg-veda; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] a sovereign lord, paramount sovereign (of men)
4) [v.s. ...] one who rules over other princes and has performed the Rājasūya sacrifice, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
5) [v.s. ...] Name of a son or grandson of Kāmyā, [Harivaṃśa]
6) [v.s. ...] of a son of Citra-ratha, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
7) [v.s. ...] of various authors, [Catalogue(s)]
8) [v.s. ...] a kind of metre, [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]
9) [v.s. ...] a [particular] Ekāha, [Vaitāna-sūtra]
10) [v.s. ...] f. Name of a daughter of Priya-vrata, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
Samrāṭ (सम्राट्):—[from sam-rāj] in [compound] for samrāj.
Samrāj (सम्राज्):—(d) 5. m. A paramount sovereign.
Samrāj (सम्राज्):—(2. sam + rāj) [Prātiśākhya zur Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 4, 5.] [Prātiśākha zum Atharvaveda 2, 36.] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 8, 3, 25.] [Vopadeva’s Grammatik.2, 32.] m. (nom. samrāḍ)
1) Beherrscher des Alls, oberster Regent, so heisst a) Varuṇa und die Āditya [Ṛgveda 2, 25, 6. 6, 68, 9. 7, 82, 2. 8, 42, 1.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 4, 30.] [Ṛgveda 1, 136, 1. 2, 41, 6. 8, 25, 4. 3, 54, 2. 7, 38, 4. 8, 27, 22. 10, 63, 5.] samrāṭpti [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 11, 4, 3, 10.] — b) Indra (vgl. [Ṛgveda 7, 82, 2]): avāsṛjanta.jivrayo.na de.ā bhuvaḥ sa.rāLindra sa.yayoniḥ [Ṛgveda 4, 19, 2. 1, 100, 1. 7, 6, 1. 58, 4.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 8, 37.] —
2) Oberherr, Oberkönig, unumschränkter Herrscher (über Menschen) [Amarakoṣa 2, 8, 1, 3.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 690.] [Halāyudha 2, 267.] Indra [Ṛgveda 8, 16, 1. 46, 20. 10, 134, 1.] Agni [3, 10, 1. 6, 7, 1.] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 4, 1, 5.] [Sāmaveda II, 8, 2, 19, 3.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 12, 117] (vgl. [3, 38]). vi.atheṣu [Ṛgveda 3, 55, 7. 56, 5. 4, 21, 2.] trāsadasyava [8, 19, 32. 6, 27, 8.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 9, 24.] kāmayeta vai rājā samrāḍbhavitum [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 5, 1, 1, 13. fg. 9, 3, 4, 8. 11, 3, 1, 2. 14, 1, 3, 12. 6, 10, 1. 7, 1, 1.] [Ṛgveda 1, 188, 5.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 5, 32. 13, 35. 20, 5.] [Kauśika’s Sūtra zum Atuarvaveda 45.] [MAITRYUP. 6, 8.] [Mahābhārata 1, 2362. 3, 12704. 4, 221. 635. 12, 1509.] [Spr. (II) 4010.] [Raghuvaṃśa 2, 5. 4, 88.] [Śākuntala 82.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 19, 114.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 3, 62. 5, 135.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 99, 15.] [Lassen’s Anthologie (III) 92, 1.] svāyaṃbhuva [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 13, 2] (vgl. [Viṣṇupurāṇa 93]). sarvamahīkṣitām [Mahābhārata 2, 489.] [Rāmāyaṇa] [Gorresio 2, 9, 13.] —
3) Nomen proprium eines Sohnes der Kāmyā [Harivaṃśa 59] (einer Tochter derselben [Viṣṇupurāṇa 161.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 53, 14]). eines Sohnes des Citraratha [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 15, 12.] Nomen proprium eines neueren Autors mit dem Beiname Agnicit [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 133. 226. 260. 914. 1100.] —
4) ein best. Metrum [Prātiśākhya zum Ṛgveda 17, 4.] [Weber’s Indische Studien 8, 107. 111.] — Vgl. sāmrājya .
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Samrat in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) an Emperor..—samrat (सम्राट) is alternatively transliterated as Samrāṭa.
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Tamil dictionary
Samrāṭ (ஸம்ராட்) noun < saṃ-rāṭ nominative singular of saṃ-rāj. Overlord; emperor. See See சம்மிராட்டு. [sammirattu.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Samrāṭ (सम्राट्):—n. emperor; sovereign; king of the kings;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Raj, Sam, Cam.
Starts with (+4): Samraja, Samrajananda, Samrajaniya, Samraji, Samrajitar, Samrajitri, Samrajni, Samrajy, Samrajya, Samrajyadikshita, Samrajyakrit, Samrajyalakshmi, Samrajyalakshmi, Samrajyalakshmipithika, Samrajyalakshmipuja, Samrajyam, Samrajyanibandhana, Samrajyashahi, Samrajyashodashilaghumakarandastotra, Samrajyasiddhi.
Full-text (+29): Samratsiddhanta, Samrajya, Samradasandi, Samradyantra, Samraddugha, Sarvasamraj, Samrakprakara, Buddhiraja samraj, Devasamraj, Sthapati-samraj, Samraja, Samradagni, Cammirattu, Tampurakkal, Samrata, Samvartavata, Samrajitri, Samrajni, Buddhiraja, Sahasrajyoti.
Relevant text
Search found 77 books and stories containing Samraj, Saṃ-rāj, Sam-raj, Sam-rāj, Samraad, Samrad, Samrāj, Saṃrāj, Samrāṭ, Samrat; (plurals include: Samrajs, rājs, rajs, Samraads, Samrads, Samrājs, Saṃrājs, Samrāṭs, Samrats). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Impact of Vedic Culture on Society (by Kaushik Acharya)
Brahma Purana (critical study) (by Surabhi H. Trivedi)
4. Forms of Government < [Chapter 11 - Political Structure]
Warfare and Military System in Vedic Literature (by Rinki Deka)
Kingship and Warfare < [Chapter 2 - Military System as Revealed in the Vedic Texts]
Satapatha-brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)
Kanda XI, adhyaya 8, brahmana 4 < [Eleventh Kanda]
Kanda V, adhyaya 1, brahmana 1 < [Fifth Kanda]
Kanda IX, adhyaya 3, brahmana 4 < [Ninth Kanda]
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (by Swāmī Mādhavānanda)
Section I - Partial Definitions of Brahman < [Chapter IV]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 8.13.15 < [Chapter 13 - A Thousand Names of Lord Balarāma]
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