Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.21.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तस्येदि॒ह स्त॑वथ॒ वृष्ण्या॑नि तुविद्यु॒म्नस्य॑ तुवि॒राध॑सो॒ नॄन् । यस्य॒ क्रतु॑र्विद॒थ्यो॒३॒॑ न स॒म्राट् सा॒ह्वान्तरु॑त्रो अ॒भ्यस्ति॑ कृ॒ष्टीः ॥
तस्येदिह स्तवथ वृष्ण्यानि तुविद्युम्नस्य तुविराधसो नॄन् । यस्य क्रतुर्विदथ्यो न सम्राट् साह्वान्तरुत्रो अभ्यस्ति कृष्टीः ॥
tasyed iha stavatha vṛṣṇyāni tuvidyumnasya tuvirādhaso nṝn | yasya kratur vidathyo na samrāṭ sāhvān tarutro abhy asti kṛṣṭīḥ ||
English translation:
“Glorify the powerful leaders of that renowned and opulent (Indra), whose victorious and protecting energy rules over men, like a universal sovereign entitled to veneration.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The powerful leaders: vṛṣnyāni nṛn = balabhūtān netṛn, i.e., the Maruts
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तस्य॑ । इत् । इ॒ह । स्त॒व॒थ॒ । वृष्ण्या॑नि । तु॒वि॒ऽद्यु॒म्नस्य॑ । तु॒वि॒ऽराध॑सः । नॄन् । यस्य॑ । क्रतुः॑ । वि॒द॒थ्यः॑ । न । स॒म्ऽराट् । स॒ह्वान् । तरु॑त्रः । अ॒भि । अस्ति॑ । कृ॒ष्टीः ॥
तस्य । इत् । इह । स्तवथ । वृष्ण्यानि । तुविद्युम्नस्य । तुविराधसः । नॄन् । यस्य । क्रतुः । विदथ्यः । न । सम्राट् । सह्वान् । तरुत्रः । अभि । अस्ति । कृष्टीः ॥
tasya | it | iha | stavatha | vṛṣṇyāni | tuvi-dyumnasya | tuvi-rādhasaḥ | nṝn | yasya | kratuḥ | vidathyaḥ | na | sam-rāṭ | sahvān | tarutraḥ | abhi | asti | kṛṣṭīḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.21.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[adverb]
“here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“laud; praise; declare; stu.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“manfulness; virility.”
[noun]
“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“magnificence.”
[noun]
“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wise.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sovereign; ruler.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“endure; overcome; habituate.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“triumphant; conquering(a); superior.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“people; citizenry.”