Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.188.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि॒राट् स॒म्राड्वि॒भ्वीः प्र॒भ्वीर्ब॒ह्वीश्च॒ भूय॑सीश्च॒ याः । दुरो॑ घृ॒तान्य॑क्षरन् ॥
विराट् सम्राड्विभ्वीः प्रभ्वीर्बह्वीश्च भूयसीश्च याः । दुरो घृतान्यक्षरन् ॥
virāṭ samrāḍ vibhvīḥ prabhvīr bahvīś ca bhūyasīś ca yāḥ | duro ghṛtāny akṣaran ||

English translation:

“They have sprinkled water on the doors (of the hall of sacrifice), which are variously and perfectly radiant, manifold, excellent, many, and numerous.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The doors: virāt samrāt. vibhvīḥ prabhvīḥ bahvīśca bhūyasīśca yāḥ: the last two epithets are epithets of number, and the rest are names

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): āpriyaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि॒राट् । स॒म्राट् । वि॒भ्वीः । प्र॒ऽभ्वीः । ब॒ह्वीः । च॒ । भूय॑सीः । च॒ । याः । दुरः॑ । घृ॒तानि॑ । अ॒क्ष॒र॒न् ॥
विराट् । सम्राट् । विभ्वीः । प्रभ्वीः । बह्वीः । च । भूयसीः । च । याः । दुरः । घृतानि । अक्षरन् ॥
virāṭ | samrāṭ | vibhvīḥ | pra-bhvīḥ | bahvīḥ | ca | bhūyasīḥ | ca | yāḥ | duraḥ | ghṛtāni | akṣaran

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.188.5 English analysis of grammar]

virāṭ < virāj

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Virāj; eminence.”

samrāḍ < samrāj

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

vibhvīḥ < vibhu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“mighty; abundant; big.”

prabhvīr < prabhvīḥ < prabhu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“mighty; powerful.”

bahvīś < bahvīḥ < bahu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“many; much(a); bahu [word]; abundant; long; large; abounding in(p); perennial.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

bhūyasīś < bhūyasīḥ < bhūyas

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“more(a); more(a); abounding in(p); stronger; bigger.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

yāḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

duro < duraḥ < dvār

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“door; means.”

ghṛtāny < ghṛtāni < ghṛta

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“ghee; fat.”

akṣaran < kṣar

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“run; melt.”

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