Ari, Āri, Ar: 31 definitions

Introduction:

Ari means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Aari.

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Ari (अरि) refers to an “enemy”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.5 (“Kārttikeya is crowned”).—Accordingly, after the Kṛttikās spoke to Kārttikeya: “[...] Then Śiva, the lord of the universe, following the worldly convention delightedly placed Kārttikeya on a beautiful gemset throne. [...] Śiva gave him the trident, the bow Pināka, the axe, the arrow Paśupata, the weapon of destruction and the greatest lore. I gave him the holy thread, the Vedas, the mantra Gāyatrī, the vessel Kamaṇḍalu, the arrow Brahmāstra and the lore that destroys the enemy (ari-mardinī). [...]”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Ari (अरि).—Ārṣeya pravara (Aṅgiras).*

  • * Matsya-purāṇa 196. 10.
Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Arthashastra (politics and welfare)

Source: Shodhganga: Kakati Ganapatideva and his times (artha)

Ari refers to “the enemy” and represents one of the twelve categories of the maṇḍala system laid out by Kauṭilya (4th century BCE) and Kāmandaka (7th century A.D.). These twelve cateogires of state can be broadly applied to Gaṇapatideva  (r. 1199-1262 A.D.) and the Kākatīya empire. The enemy was the Velanāṭi-coḍas who were controlling entire coastal Āndhra.

Arthashastra book cover
context information

Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्र, arthaśāstra) literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Āri (आरि).—tad. affix applied to the word पूर्वतर (pūrvatara) when the whole word refers to a year, e.g.परारि (parāri) in the last year; cf. B.V.3.22 Vārt. 2.

Vyakarana book cover
context information

Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)

Ari (अरि) refers to “enemy” or “stranger”, and is mentioned in verse 2.24 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] one shall not turn one’s back upon beggars, nor shall one despise or insult (them). One shall excel in beneficence even towards an enemy (ari) intending to do harm”.

Note: Ari (“enemy”) has been translated by dgra-gźan, which is best interpreted as a hendiadys meaning “enemy & stranger”. It may be remembered in this connection that Thieme (Fremdling p. 1 sqq.) has established “stranger” to be the original meaning of Sanskrit ari.

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Mitra (मित्र) refers to a “foe”, according to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—(Cf. Gahvarāntasthā)—Accordingly, “[...] The divine Transmission (krama) should be told (to such a one,) not to (just anybody) one likes. O goddess, one should tell this, in the proper manner, to one for whom pleasure and pain, gold and iron, friend and foe [i.e., ari-mitra], nectar and poison are the same and, reflecting on the Transmission, observes all the rules of the renouncer. The liberated Kaula (avadhūta) is the best, middling is the householder and the least is the renouncer (naiṣṭhika). This should be told to one who is fit out of all these three; (and) not to any other: this is the Command in the Kula teaching”.

Shaktism book cover
context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: Universität Wien: Sudarśana's Worship at the Royal Court According to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā

Ari (अरि) refers to “enemies”, according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “[This rite] should be employed by utterly glorious Sovereigns when they are in distress—[for this rite] removes the three kinds of sorrow which begin with the one relating to oneself; causes the destruction of all afflictions; is marked by auspiciousness; destroys all enemies (sarva-ari-nāśana); pacifies (i.e. removes unwanted consequences of ritual mistakes etc.); is the cause of triumph; kills the Demons; brings about prosperities; subdues all; bestows the longest of lives; is meritorious; [and] was perfomed by ancient Kings”.

Pancaratra book cover
context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

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Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Ari (अरि) represents the number 6 (six) in the “word-numeral system” (bhūtasaṃkhyā), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.—A system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 6—ari] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the Śāstras, connote numbers.

Ganitashastra book cover
context information

Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Ari (अरि) refers to “enemy”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 4).—Accordingly, “[Question: Why is the Buddha called Arhat?]—[Answer]: Ara means enemy (ari) and hat means to kill (han). The expression therefore means ‘killer of enemies’. Some stanzas say: ‘The Buddha has patience (kṣānti) as his armor (varman), Energy (vīrya) as his helmet (śīrṣaka), Discipline (śīla) as his great steed (mahāśva), Dhyāna as his bow (dhanus), Wisdom (prajñā) as his arrows (śara). Outwardly, he destroys the army of Māra (mārasena). Inwardly, he destroys the passions (kleśa), his enemies. He is called Arhat. [...]’.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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India history and geography

Source: Project Gutenberg: Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 1

Ari (“ebony”) is one of the exogamous septs (divisions) among the Kurubas (a tribe of South India). The Kurubas are sub-divided into clans or gumpus, each having a headman or guru called a gaudu, who gives his name to the clan. And the clans are again sub-divided into gotras or septs (viz., Ari).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Ari.—(IE 7-1-2), ‘six’; cf. ari-ṣaḍ-varga. Note: ari is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

Source: Institut Français de Pondichéry: The Shaivite legends of Kanchipuram

Ari (அரி) (in Tamil) refers to Hari in Sanskrit, and represents one of the proper nouns mentioned in the Kanchipuranam, which narrates the Shaivite Legends of Kanchipuram—an ancient and sacred district in Tamil Nadu (India). The Kanchipuranam (mentioning Ari) reminds us that Kanchipuram represents an important seat of Hinduism where Vaishnavism and Shaivism have co-existed since ancient times.

India history book cover
context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Ari [अरि] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Senegalia pennata (L.) Maslin from the Mimosaceae (Touch-me-not) family having the following synonyms: Mimosa pennata, Acacia pendata, Acacia pennata. For the possible medicinal usage of ari, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Ari in the Malayalam language is the name of a plant identified with Oryza sativa L. from the Poaceae (Grass) family.

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Ari in India is the name of a plant defined with Acacia pennata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Albizia tenerrima de Vriese (among others).

2) Ari is also identified with Bauhinia racemosa It has the synonym Piliostigma racemosum (Lam.) Benth. (etc.).

3) Ari is also identified with Cordia myxa It has the synonym Gerascanthus myxus (L.) Borhidi (etc.).

4) Ari is also identified with Holoptelea integrifolia It has the synonym Holoptelea integrifolia Rendle (etc.).

5) Ari is also identified with Ocimum tenuiflorum It has the synonym Plectranthus monachorum (L.) Spreng. (etc.).

6) Ari is also identified with Oryza sativa It has the synonym Oryza sativa var. vulgaris Körn. (etc.).

7) Ari is also identified with Plumbago zeylanica It has the synonym Plumbago scandens L. (etc.).

8) Ari in Morocco is also identified with Stipa tenacissima It has the synonym Stipa kelibibae Moraldo, Raffaelli, & Ricceri (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Nomenclator Botanicus (1821)
· Biblioth. Bot. (1928)
· recueil périodique d’observations botanique, (1980)
· Fieldiana, Botany (1966)
· Dictionary of the economic products of India (1891)
· Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique (1848)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Ari, for example extract dosage, chemical composition, side effects, health benefits, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.

Biology book cover
context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

ari : (m.) enemy.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Ari, (Ved. ari; fr. ) an enemy.—The word is used in exegesis & word explanation, thus in etym. of arahant (see ref. under arahant v.); of bhūri Ps. II, 197.—Otherwise in late language only, e.g. Sdhp. 493 (°bhūta). See also arindama & aribhāseti. (Page 77)

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

ari (अरि).—m S An enemy.

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arī (अरी).—f A cobbler's awl. Pr. gāṇḍīkhālīṃ arī āṇi cāmbhāra pōra mārī Used when people run wildly about to look for what they hold in their hands. 2 An iron spike (as of a playing-top, of a large hand-mill &c.), a goad &c. 3 (Better harī) A line or row (as of trees or standing-crops).

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ārī (आरी).—See under अ.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

ari (अरि).—m An enemy. arimardana a Enemy- killer or destroyer.

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arī (अरी).—f A cobbler's awl. An iron spike (as of a large hand-mill &c.).

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Ari (अरि).—a. [ṛ-in] Moving, going, reaching; obtaining, aspiring, devoted to, zealous (Ved.).

-riḥ 1 An enemy, foe (cf. Uṇādi-sūtra 4.138); (used in the Veda like an adjective in the sense of 'ungenerous', 'malicious', 'not worshipping or devoted', 'hostile'); विजितारिपुरःसरः (vijitāripuraḥsaraḥ) R.1.59,61; 4.4.

2) An enemy of mankind (said of the six feelings which disturb man's mind); कामः क्रोध- स्तथा लोभो मदमोहौ च मत्सरः (kāmaḥ krodha- stathā lobho madamohau ca matsaraḥ); कृतारिषड्वर्गजयेन (kṛtāriṣaḍvargajayena) Kirātārjunīya 1.9.

3) A species of खदिर (khadira) or Mimosa (viṭkhadira; Mar. śeṇyā khaira).

4) Name of the number six (from the six enemies).

5) Name of a condition in astronomy.

6) Any part of a carriage.

7) A wheel, also a disk, अन्योऽन्यहस्तकलितैः कति मूर्तिभेदाः, शम्भोर्हरेरिव गदारिसरोजशङ्खैः (anyo'nyahastakalitaiḥ kati mūrtibhedāḥ, śambhorhareriva gadārisarojaśaṅkhaiḥ) Līlā.

8) A lord, master.

9) The wind.

1) A pious or religious man.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ari (अरि).—m.

(-riḥ) 1. An enemy. 2. A wheel. 3. A species of Khadira or Mimosa. E. to go, ac affix, and i substituted for a.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ari (अरि).—m. 1. probably a-rā (+ i?) An enemy, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 267. 2. ṛ + i, A wheel, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 324.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ari (अरि).—1. [adjective] eager, devoted, faithful.

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Ari (अरि).—2. [adjective] greedy (lit. not giving), impious, envious, hostile, adverse. [masculine] enemy.

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Āri (आरि).—A. cause to run; [Middle] run.

Āri is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms ā and ri (रि).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Ari (अरि):—[from a-rakta] a m. [varia lectio] for arin below.

2) 1. ari mfn. (√), attached to faithful, [Ṛg-veda]

3) m. a faithful or devoted or pious man, [Ṛg-veda]

4) [=a-ri] 2. a-ri mfn. (√; = 1 ari, assiduous, etc., [Grassmann]), not liberal, envious, hostile, [Ṛg-veda]

5) [v.s. ...] m. (is) an enemy, [Ṛg-veda; Mahābhārata] etc.

6) [v.s. ...] (aris) idem, [Atharva-veda vii, 88, 1 and xiii, 1, 29], (in [astronomy]) a hostile planet, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

7) [v.s. ...] Name of the sixth astrological mansion, [ib.] (in [arithmetic]) the number six (cf. arāti)

8) [v.s. ...] a species of Khadira or Mimosa, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

9) Ar (अर्):—[=ā-√ṛ] [from ā] See ā-r.

10) Ār (आर्):—1. ār [class] 4. [Parasmaipada] āryanti, to praise, [Ṛg-veda viii, 16, 6 and x, 48, 3] (perhaps connected with √).

11) 2. ār (ā-√ṛ) [Parasmaipada] ([subjunctive] 2. sg. -ṛṇos, [Ṛg-veda i, 30, 14 and 15]; ā-ṛṇvati, [Ṛg-veda i, 144, 5]; but also [imperative] 2. [plural] iyarta, [Ṛg-veda viii, 7, 13]; [Aorist] āratām, etc.) [Ātmanepada] (3. sg. ā-ṛṇve, [Ṛg-veda v, 74, 5])

—to insert, place in [Ṛg-veda];

—to excite;

—to bring near, fetch, [Ṛg-veda];

—to come;

—to reach, obtain, fall into (misfortune), [Ṛg-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Aitareya-brāhmaṇa] etc.;

—to inflict, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa] :

—[Causal] ārpayati, to cause to partake of [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iv, 5, 7, 7];

—to fix, settle, annex;

—to inflict, injure.

12) Ārī (आरी):—[=ā-√rī] [Parasmaipada] (ā-riṇanti, [Ṛg-veda ix, 71, 6]) to pour, let drop:

—[Ātmanepada] ā-rīyate, to trickle or flow upon;

—to flow over, [Ṛg-veda]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ari (अरि):—(riḥ) 2. m. Enemy; wheel.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Ari (अरि) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Ari.

[Sanskrit to German]

Ari in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Ar in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) a spoke; ray..—ar (अर) is alternatively transliterated as Ara.

2) Ari (अरि):—(nm) an enemy, a hostile person.

3) Ārī (आरी) [Also spelled aari]:—(nf) a small saw, table saw.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Ari (अरि) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Ari.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Ari (ಅರಿ):—

1) [verb] to remove or divide into parts with a sharp-edged instrument; to cut off; to sever.

2) [verb] to mow or reap with a scythe, sickle, etc.

3) [verb] ಅರಿದುಹೋಗು [ariduhogu] aridu hōgu to be, become or get, severed.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—

1) [verb] to know; to learn; to understand; to have a clear perception; to be aware of; to get knowledge of or skill in by study, experience, instruction.

2) [verb] to come to know.

3) [verb] ಅರಿಯೆ ಎನ್ನುವುದನ್ನು ಆನೆ ಕೊಟ್ಟು ಕಲಿ [ariye ennuvudannu ane kottu kali] ariye ennuvudannu āne koṭṭu kali (prov.) it is better to say 'I do not now' rather than inviting problems by volunteering to be a public witness; 2. the more you acquire knowledge, the more you must be humble; ಅರಿಯದೆ ಮಾಡಿದ ಪಾಪ ಅರಿತಂದು ಪರಿಹಾರ [ariyade madida papa aritamdu parihara] ariyade māḍida pāpa aritandu parihāra (prov.) realisation of one’s sin expiates him from it.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—[verb] to cleanse (grains) in water.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—

1) [noun] the crop (of paddy, rāgi, etc.) reaped, not threshed, but left on the field in handful quantities.

2) [noun] that much handful of reaped crop taken at a time, for threshing.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—[noun] a disease of the eye, with an extra growth inside the eye-lid.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—

1) [noun] one that is antagonistic to another, esp. one seeking to injure, harm, overthrow; a foe; an enemy.

2) [noun] a symbol for the number six.

3) [noun] (astrol.) (in the horoscope) sixth house from the birth place.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—[noun] a circular weapon with sharp blades, a disc.

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Ari (ಅರಿ):—[verb] (dial.) to flow or let flow, in drops or driblets; to trickle; to dribble; to leak.

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Aṟi (ಅಱಿ):—[verb] to learn a) to get knowledge of (a subject) or skill in (an art, trade, etc.) by study, experience, instruction, etc.; b) to come to know.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—[verb] to utter a loud, deep, rumbling sound, as a lion or a person in excitement, pain, anger, etc.; to roar.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—

1) [verb] to be or get satisfied; to get satiated.

2) [verb] to be filled; to become full.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—[verb] to be able to; to be capable of.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—

1) [noun] a plough yoked to a pair of oxen.

2) [noun] a yoke-like wooden piece used in taming oxen.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—[noun] the tree Baringtonia acutangula of Lecidaceae family.

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Ār (ಆರ್):—

1) [pronoun] what or which person or persons.

2) [pronoun] a or the person or persons (used in relative clauses) .

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Ār (ಆರ್):—[noun] the roaring sound (as of a lion); a big shout.

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Āri (ಆರಿ):—[noun] = ಆರಿಕಲ್ಲು [arikallu].

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Āri (ಆರಿ):—[noun] the plant Acacia pennata of Mimosae family; rushy mimosa.

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Āṟ (ಆಱ್):—

1) [verb] to be able to; to become capable of.

2) [verb] to bear; to endure; to withstand;ಆರ್ಪಶಕ್ತಿ [arpashakti] āṛpa śakti the maximum capability, ability, etc.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Discover the meaning of ari in the context of Kannada from relevant books on Exotic India

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