Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.233.20

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सचेतनं जीवगुणं वदन्ति स चेष्टते चेष्टयते च सर्वम् ।
ततः परं क्षेत्रविदो वदन्ति प्रावर्तयद्यो भुवनानि सप्त ॥ २० ॥

sacetanaṃ jīvaguṇaṃ vadanti sa ceṣṭate ceṣṭayate ca sarvam |
tataḥ paraṃ kṣetravido vadanti prāvartayadyo bhuvanāni sapta || 20 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...very spot perfectly motionless and rapt in Yoga meditation. In course of time the young ones grew and became equipped with wings. The Muni knew that the young Kulingas had attained to that stage of development...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.233.20). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Sacetana, Jiva, Jivan, Guna, Vadat, Vadanti, Ceshtayat, Sarvam, Sarva, Tatah, Tad, Tata, Param, Para, Kshetravid, Prava, Rita, Bhuvana, Sapta, Saptan,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.233.20). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “sacetanaṃ jīvaguṇaṃ vadanti sa ceṣṭate ceṣṭayate ca sarvam ”
sacetanam -
sacetana (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sacetana (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sacetanā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
jīva -
jīva (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

jīva (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

jīvan (noun, masculine)

[compound]

jīvan (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

√jīv (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
guṇam -
guṇa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

guṇā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
vadanti -
√vad -> vadat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad -> vadantī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad (verb class 1)

[present active third plural]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ceṣṭate -
√ceṣṭ (verb class 1)

[present middle third single]
ceṣṭayate -
√ceṣṭ -> ceṣṭayat (participle, masculine)

[dative single from √ceṣṭ]

√ceṣṭ -> ceṣṭayat (participle, neuter)

[dative single from √ceṣṭ]

√ceṣṭ (verb class 0)

[present middle third single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
sarvam -
sarvam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sarva (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sarva (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
Line 2: “tataḥ paraṃ kṣetravido vadanti prāvartayadyo bhuvanāni sapta ”
tataḥ -
tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

tata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√tan -> tata (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
param -
param (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

para (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

para (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
kṣetravido* -
kṣetravid (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

kṣetravid (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
vadanti -
√vad -> vadat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad -> vadantī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad (verb class 1)

[present active third plural]
prāvar -
prāva (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

prāva (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

prāvā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√prā (verb class 2)

[imperative active first dual]
ṛta -
ṛta (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

ṛta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ṛta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
yadyo -
bhuvanāni -
bhuvana (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
sapta -
sapta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

sapta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

saptan (noun, masculine)

[compound]

saptan (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

√sap -> sapta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √sap class 1 verb]

√sap -> sapta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √sap class 1 verb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.233.20

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.233.20 in Kannada sript:
ಸಚೇತನಂ ಜೀವಗುಣಂ ವದನ್ತಿ ಸ ಚೇಷ್ಟತೇ ಚೇಷ್ಟಯತೇ ಚ ಸರ್ವಮ್ ।
ತತಃ ಪರಂ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರವಿದೋ ವದನ್ತಿ ಪ್ರಾವರ್ತಯದ್ಯೋ ಭುವನಾನಿ ಸಪ್ತ ॥ ೨೦ ॥

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.233.20 in Bengali sript:
সচেতনং জীবগুণং বদন্তি স চেষ্টতে চেষ্টযতে চ সর্বম্ ।
ততঃ পরং ক্ষেত্রবিদো বদন্তি প্রাবর্তযদ্যো ভুবনানি সপ্ত ॥ ২০ ॥

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.233.20 in Gujarati sript:
સચેતનં જીવગુણં વદન્તિ સ ચેષ્ટતે ચેષ્ટયતે ચ સર્વમ્ ।
તતઃ પરં ક્ષેત્રવિદો વદન્તિ પ્રાવર્તયદ્યો ભુવનાનિ સપ્ત ॥ ૨૦ ॥

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.233.20 in Malayalam sript:
സചേതനം ജീവഗുണം വദന്തി സ ചേഷ്ടതേ ചേഷ്ടയതേ ച സര്വമ് ।
തതഃ പരം ക്ഷേത്രവിദോ വദന്തി പ്രാവര്തയദ്യോ ഭുവനാനി സപ്ത ॥ ൨൦ ॥

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 12.233.20 in Telugu sript:
సచేతనం జీవగుణం వదన్తి స చేష్టతే చేష్టయతే చ సర్వమ్ ।
తతః పరం క్షేత్రవిదో వదన్తి ప్రావర్తయద్యో భువనాని సప్త ॥ ౨౦ ॥

Last Updated: 17 September, 2021