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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 1.144
पानीयं वा निरायासं स्वाद्वन्नं वा भयोत्तरम् ।
विचार्यं खलु पश्यामि तत् सुखं यत्र निर्वृतिः ॥ १४४ ॥
pānīyaṃ vā nirāyāsaṃ svādvannaṃ vā bhayottaram |
vicāryaṃ khalu paśyāmi tat sukhaṃ yatra nirvṛtiḥ || 144 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.144 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.144). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Paniya, Var, Nirayasa, Svadvanna, Bhayottara, Vicarya, Vicari, Khalu, Pashya, Amin, Tat, Tad, Sukham, Sukha, Yatra, Nirvriti,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.144). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “pānīyaṃ vā nirāyāsaṃ svādvannaṃ vā bhayottaram ”
- pānīyam -
-
pānīya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]pānīya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]pānīyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √pā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √pā class 2 verb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √pā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √pā class 1 verb], [nominative single from √pā class 2 verb], [accusative single from √pā class 2 verb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √pā class 2 verb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √pā class 2 verb], [accusative single from √pā class 2 verb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √pā class 3 verb]√pā -> pānīya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √pā class 3 verb], [accusative single from √pā class 3 verb]
- vā* -
-
vār (noun, masculine)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]vār (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]va (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]vā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- nirāyāsam -
-
nirāyāsa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]nirāyāsa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]nirāyāsā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- svādvannam -
-
svādvanna (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]svādvanna (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]svādvannā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- vā* -
-
vār (noun, masculine)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]vār (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]va (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]vā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- bhayottaram -
-
bhayottara (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]bhayottara (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]bhayottarā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “vicāryaṃ khalu paśyāmi tat sukhaṃ yatra nirvṛtiḥ ”
- vicāryam -
-
vicārya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]vicārya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]vicāryā (noun, feminine)[adverb]vicārī (noun, masculine)[accusative single]
- khalu -
-
khalu (indeclinable)[indeclinable]khalu (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]khalu (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]khalu (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- paśyā -
-
paśya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]paśya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]paśyā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√paś -> paśya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]√paś -> paśya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]√paś -> paśyā (participle, feminine)[nominative single from √paś class 10 verb]
- ami -
-
amin (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]amin (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- tat -
-
tat (indeclinable correlative)[indeclinable correlative]tad (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- sukham -
-
sukham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sukha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sukha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sukhā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- yatra -
-
yatra (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yatra (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yatra (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]yatra (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- nirvṛtiḥ -
-
nirvṛti (noun, feminine)[nominative single]nirvṛti (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.144
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 1.144 in Gujarati sript:
પાનીયં વા નિરાયાસં સ્વાદ્વન્નં વા ભયોત્તરમ્ ।
વિચાર્યં ખલુ પશ્યામિ તત્ સુખં યત્ર નિર્વૃતિઃ ॥ ૧૪૪ ॥