Pravrita, Pravṛta, Prāvṛta: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Pravrita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Pravṛta and Prāvṛta can be transliterated into English as Pravrta or Pravrita, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)Prāvṛta (प्रावृत) refers to “clad” (viz., with warm clothes), which is mentioned in verse 3.14 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] Having thereupon bathed according to ritual—with the oil removed by an astringent—,rubbed (one’s body) with musk-charged saffron, (and) fumigated (oneself) with aloe-wood one shall (at last) turn to [...] clad [viz., prāvṛta] (as one shall be) with naturally warm (and) light (night-clothes); (moreover), to sunbeams (and) sudorifics in a proper way and to foot-gear all the time. [...]”.
Note: In order to follow the course once taken to its logical end, the translators have also turned the predicate noun Prāvṛta [prāvṛtaḥ] (“clad”) into an object and changed the attendant instrumentals uṣṇasvabhāvaiḥ and laghubhiḥ (“with naturally warm (and) light (night-clothes)”) accordingly: raṅ-bźin dro-źiṅ yaṅ-ba-yi gos bgo—“putting on naturally warm and light (night-)clothes”. The spelling yaṅ-pa (for yaṅ-ba) in NP is obsolete.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Prāvṛta (प्रावृत) refers to “(being) covered (by a turban)”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 225-226).—Accordingly, while describing the shire of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, “[Then follows the image of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, which matches the conception of Kālarātri in the passage from the Mahābhārata:] [...] she bore the coquettish apparel of a woman going out to meet Mahākāla at night, with a vine-like body furnished with a raiment reddened with saffron-dye, with a face with red eyes, whose brows were furrowed into a frown, whose lip was crimsoned with betel that was blood, whose cheeks were reddened by the light shed from ear-ornaments of pomegranate flowers, with a forehead on which there was a tilaka dot of vermillion made by a Śabara beauty, covered (prāvṛta) by a magnificent gold turban. She was worshipped by goats... mice... antelope and black serpents... She was praised on all sides by flocks of old crows; [...]”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramPravṛta (प्रवृत) refers to “having come forth” [?], according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “That from which the pure Kramakula has come forth and where everything dissolves away”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraPrāvṛta (प्रावृत) refers to “(being) covered (by a cloth)”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 10.1-7ab, while describing the appearance and worship of Bhairava]—“[...] He [is] mounted on a lion, wears a snake garland, bears a mālā, and begging bowl. [He has] a torn mouth from [which he emits] a great roar. [His body is] covered by a cloth of elephant skin (gajatvac-prāvṛta-paṭa), a flower crown, [and] the moon. [Bhairava] holds a skull-topped staff and skull bowl. [...] Having worshipped Bhairava, [the Mantrin] remembers being joined in union [with] him, [in the same way as] dissolution in fire”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Shodhganga: Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (ns)Prāvṛta (प्रावृत) refers to one of nineteen Ākāśikī types of Deśī varieties of Cārīs—“movements that involve the simultaneous movement of the feet, shanks and the hip”, according to Kallinātha’s Kalānidhi commentary on Śārṅgadeva’s Saṅgītaratnākara, 7.1016 (Vol. IV, pp.313-317).—Bharata’s Nāṭyaśāstra explains thirty-two varieties of cārīs—sixteen ākāśikīcārīs and sixteen ākāśikīcārīs. Śārṅgadeva follows the definitions and the classification of cārīs up to this point. In addition Śārṅgadeva also names and explains deśīcārīs of the ākāśikī-cārīs and ākāśikī-cārīs varieties. [For example, Prāvṛta] In all, Śārṅgadeva describes fifty four varieties of deśī-cārīs (35 ākāśikīcārīs +19 ākāśikīcārīs).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgriculturePrāvṛta (प्रावृत) refers to “being clad (in pure raiment)”, according to the 2nd-century Meghasūtra (“Cloud Sutra”) in those passages which contain ritual instructions.—Accordingly, “He who desires a mighty rain must perform this rite ‘the great-cloud-circle’ in an open space, overspread by a blue canopy, shaded by a blue banner, on a clear spot of earth; [being] a prophet of the Law, seated on a blue seat, fasting according to the aṣṭāṅga, with well-washed limbs, clad in pure raiment (śucivastra-prāvṛta), anointed with fragrant odour, wearing the three white stripes, he must recite it for a day and night continuously facing the east; [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPravṛta (प्रवृत).—p. p. Selected, picked, chosen.
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Prāvṛta (प्रावृत).—p. p.
1) Enclosed, snrrounded, covered, screened.
2) Put on (as a garment).
3) Filled with.
-taḥ, -tam A veil, mantle, wrapper (-f. also).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryPrāvṛta (प्रावृत).—nt. (= Sanskrit Lex. id.), cloak, outer garment: (kāśikasūkṣmāṇi) °tāni Mahāvastu ii.159.12; (kumārīṃ…śuci- vastra-)prāvṛtena sunivastām kṛtvā (Ārya-)Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa 56.7, having made her well-clothed by use of an outer garment of fine cloth (Lalou, Iconographie 19, recouverte d'un voile d'étoffe pure).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrāvṛta (प्रावृत).—mfn. subst.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) A veil, a wrapper, a cloak or mantle. Adj. Covered, inclosed, encompassed, E. pra before, vṛ with āṅ prefix, to cover, aff. kta.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrāvṛta (प्रावृत).—[adjective] covered or filled with ([instrumental]); put on (clothes); [neuter] = prāvaraṇa.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pravṛta (प्रवृत):—[=pra-vṛta] [from pra-vara > pra-vṛ] mfn. chosen, selected, adopted (as a son), [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
2) Prāvṛta (प्रावृत):—[=prā-vṛta] [from prā-vṛ] mfn. covered, enclosed, screened, hid in ([instrumental case] or [compound]), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] put on (as a garment), [Harṣacarita; Kathāsaritsāgara; Hitopadeśa]
4) [v.s. ...] filled with ([instrumental case]), [Rāmāyaṇa]
5) [v.s. ...] m. n. a veil, mantle, wrapper, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] n. covering, concealing, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra]
7) Prāvṛtā (प्रावृता):—[=prā-vṛtā] [from prā-vṛta > prā-vṛ] f. a veil, mantle, [ṢaḍvBr.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrāvṛta (प्रावृत):—[prā+vṛta] (taḥ-tā-taṃ) a. A veil, a cloak. p. Veiled, covered.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pravṛta (प्रवृत) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Pavuda, Pāuḍa, Pāyaḍa, Pāvaya, Pāvua, Vāuḍa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPrāvṛṭa (ಪ್ರಾವೃಟ):—[noun] the tree Anthocephalus indicus ( = A. cadamba, = Nauclea cadamba) of Rubiaceae family; cadamba tree; (?).
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Prāvṛta (ಪ್ರಾವೃತ):—[adjective] surrounded; encircled; covered from all or almost all sides.
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Prāvṛta (ಪ್ರಾವೃತ):—
1) [noun] an oblong, unsewn cloth to cover the shoulder and upper parts of the body.
2) [noun] (dance.) a movement, in which the foot is contracted and lifted gracefully.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Avrita, Vrita, Pra.
Starts with: Pravritahoma, Pravritahomiya, Pravritahuti, Pravritapata.
Full-text (+13): Kantakapravrita, Apravrita, Pravritahoma, Kupravrita, Yathapravritam, Pravritahomiya, Kanthapravrita, Vastrardhapravrita, Sakarnapravrita, Vastrapravrita, Pravritapata, Tvakpravrita, Pravritahuti, Pavuda, Pavua, Vauda, Sinduvaraka, Sinduka, Sinduvara, Pauda.
Relevant text
Search found 13 books and stories containing Pravrita, Pr-avrita, Pr-āvṛṭa, Pr-avrta, Pra-vrita, Pra-vṛta, Pra-vrta, Prā-vṛta, Prā-vṛtā, Pravṛta, Pravrta, Prāvṛta, Prāvṛtā, Prāvṛṭa; (plurals include: Pravritas, avritas, āvṛṭas, avrtas, vritas, vṛtas, vrtas, vṛtās, Pravṛtas, Pravrtas, Prāvṛtas, Prāvṛtās, Prāvṛṭas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.82.7 < [Sukta 82]
Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (Study) (by Padma Sugavanam)
Kohala and Nṛtya (10): The concept of Deśī Cārīs < [Chapter 2 - Kohala as seen in citations]
Satapatha-brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)
Additions and Corrections to volume 2 (kāṇḍa 3-4) < [Additions and Corrections]
Tilakamanjari of Dhanapala (study) (by Shri N. M. Kansara)
6.2. Alankaras (11): Sahokti (simultaneity) < [Chapter 15 - The Tilakamanjari as a Prose Poetic work]
8.3. Language of Dhanapalass fiction < [Chapter 16 - The Tilakamanjari as a Sanskrit novel]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
A CLINICAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY OF TILADI MODAK IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ABHYANTAR ARSHA w.s.r. to 1st and 2nd DEGREE INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS < [2018, Issue VII, July]
A review on medicinal uses of vishatinduka w.r.t rasa tarangini < [2023, Issue 06, June]
Wilson' disease with ayurvedic approach - a case study < [2020, Issue 10, October]
Panchavimsha Brahmana (English translation) (by W. Caland)