Shalva, Śalva, Sālva, Salva, Śālva: 17 definitions

Introduction:

Shalva means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Śalva and Śālva can be transliterated into English as Salva or Shalva, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: ISKCON Press: Glossary

Śālva (शाल्व).—A demon who desired Ambā for his wife. He was defeated by Bhīṣma in his attempt to win Ambā. He attacked Dvārakā with an airship made by the demon Maya. He was killed by Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa.

Vaishnavism book cover
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Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Sālva (साल्व).—The lover of Ambā (q.v) the daughter of the King of Kāśī. It is mentioned in Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 67, Stanza 16 that this Kṣatriya King Sālva was born from a portion of Ajaka the younger brother of Vṛṣaparvā. (i) Sālva was the ruler of the city named Saubha. Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 102, Verse 61). (ii) He was present at the Svayaṃvara marriage of Draupadī. (Mahābhārata Ādi Parva, Chapter 186 Verse 15). (iii) He was present at the sacrifice of Royal consecration (Rājasūya) of Yudhiṣṭhira. (Mahābhārata Sabhā Parva, Chapter 34, Verse 9). (iv) At the death of Śiśupāla, King Sālva became angry and besieged Dvārakā. In the battle which followed Śrī Kṛṣṇa killed Sālva. (Mahābhārata Vana Parva, Chapters 15 to 22). (v) Sālva had several friends such as Damaghoṣa, Aṅga, Kaliṅga, Mālava, Kekaya, Vaṅga, Magadha, Kosala, Koṅkaṇa, Hehaya, Cola, Pāṇḍya, Kerala and others. (Bhāgavata, Skandha 10).

2) Sālva (साल्व).—There is a story in Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, stating that three Sālvas and four Madras were born to Bhadrā from the dead body of her husband Vyuṣitāśva. (See under Bhadrā II). Here, 'Sālvas' means the rulers of Sālva. It is stated in Mahābhārata, Sabhā Parva, Chapter 14, Stanza 26 that the people of Sālva fled to the south in fear of Jarāsandha. Satyavān, the husband of Sāvitrī, was a native of Sālva. It is also mentioned that the soldiers of Sālva who joined the army of the Kauravas fought against the Pāṇḍavas. There were Sālva on the side of the Pāṇḍavas also. Mention is made in Droṇa Parva, Chapter 154, that the Sālvas on the side of the Pāṇḍavas, attacked Droṇa, the teacher.

3) Sālva (साल्व).—A king of the low castes. The details given below about this king are from Mahābhārata. This king attacked the vast army of the Pāṇḍavas in the battle-field of Kurukṣetra. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 20, Verse 1). The elephant of this Sālva was as big as a mountain and belonged to the family of elephants called Mahābhadra. (Śalya Parva, Chapter 20, Verse 2). Duryodhana had honoured this low caste King Sālva. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 2, Verse 2). Sātyaki killed this king Sālva; and Dhṛṣṭadyumna killed his elephant in the battle of Bhārata. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 20, Verse 4).

4) Sālva (साल्व).—In Uttara Rāmāyaṇa a Sālva, who was a contemporary of Kuśadhvaja, is mentioned. Kuśadhvaja once approached this king Sālva and requested for some financial help. But the covetous Sālva did not give any help. So Kuśadhvaja performed a sacrifice to obtain wealth and prosperity. Sītā was born from that sacrificial fire. (Uttara Rāmāyaṇa).

5) Sālva (साल्व).—A story occurs in Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa, describing how Reṇukā, the wife of Jamadagni, was infatuated at the sight of a handsome Sālva, and how this event subsequently led to her death. (See under (Reṇukā).

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Śālva (शाल्व) refers to the king of the country of Śālvas (modern Rājasthan) who was inimical to Viṣṇu, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.29. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Satī addressed Viṣṇu and others severally, taunting them. Satī said:—‘[...] Although as the chieftain of king Śālva, Śiva had caught hold of your hand and set you aright many a time, that admonition has not entered your brain, now that you have evinced a desire to partake of your share in Dakṣa’s sacrifice without inviting lord Śiva’”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1) Śalva (शल्व).—A tribe.*

  • * Matsya-purāṇa 114. 45.

2a) Śālva (शाल्व).—A Dānava king and friend of Śiśupāla and Jarāsandha; an enemy of Kṛṣṇa; when Haṃsa, his brother, was killed by Kṛṣṇa he wanted to avenge his death and after meeting his friends at Kuṇḍina, took a vow to wipe out the Yādavas; he performed tapas to propitiate Śiva and got an aerial car to go to any place, given to him by Maya; hearing of Śiśupāla's death, he grew angry and attacked Dvārakā. Pradyumna, Sātyaki and others offered resistance. His commander-in-chief was defeated. But his minister Dyumat hit Pradyumna in the chest when his charioteer removed him from the field. After recovering, he attacked Dyumat and vanquished him. For twentyseven days the battle went on, when Kṛṣṇa arrived. He directed his attack towards Śālva, who attacked him when his bow slipped from his hand. After a hot discussion and some more fight, Śālva disappeared and sent to Kṛṣṇa a māyā messenger saying that Vasudeva had been taken prisoner by Śālva. Then Kṛṣṇa saw a scene where a māyā Vasudeva was killed. Kṛṣṇa knew that all this was due to illusory powers and kept cool. He broke his car and cut off his head.1 Attained mokṣa by hatred of Kṛṣṇa.2

  • 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 60. 18; Chh. 76-77 (whole); 78. 13; II. 7. 34; III. 3. 10; Viṣṇu-purāṇa V. 26. 7.
  • 2) Bhāgavata-purāṇa XI. 5. 48; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 73. 99; IV. 29. 122.

2b) A kingdom of Madhyadeśa;1 to this the Yadus migrated;2 a tribe.3

  • 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 2. 3; Vāyu-purāṇa 45. 109.
  • 2) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 40.
  • 3) Matsya-purāṇa 114. 34.

3a) Sālva (साल्व).—(also Śālva); in Duryodhana's army; was stationed by Jarāsandha at the western gate of Mathurā, during one siege, and at the Eastern gate during the other. Attacked the south when Gomanta was besieged.1 Was defeated and killed by Kṛṣṇa in Vaidarbhī svayamvara; arrived at Kuṇḍina.2

  • 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa X. 78 [95 (v) 16]; 50. 11 [5], [2]; 52. 11 [8].
  • 2) Ib. X. 52; 17 and 19; 42 [1]; 53. 17; Vāyu-purāṇa 98. 100.

3b) Country of the.*

  • * Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 3. 17.
Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Śālva (शाल्व) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. II.13.25, II.31.9, IV.1.9, V.53.17, V.158.20, VI.10.37, VI.18.13, VI.20.12, VI.68.8, VI.112.110, VIII.30.60, VIII.30.79) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Śālva) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Sālva (साल्व) refers to a country belonging to “Madhyadeśa (central division)” classified under the constellations of Kṛttikā, Rohiṇī and Mṛgaśīrṣa, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Kṛttikā, Rohiṇī and Mṛgaśīrṣa represent the Madhyadeśa or central division consisting of the countries of [i.e., Sālva] [...]”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: archive.org: Indian Historical Quarterly Vol. 7

Salva (सल्व) (or Śālva?) is the name of a country classified as Hādi (a type of Tantrik division), according to the 13th century Sammoha-tantra (fol. 7).—There are ample evidences to prove that the zone of heterodox Tantras went far beyond the natural limits of India. [...] The zones in the Sammoha-tantra [viz., Salva] are here fixed according to two different Tantrik modes, known as Kādi and Hādi.

Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Salva (सल्‍व): Friend of Sisupala, who besieged Dwaraka Sri Krishna's kingdom to avenge Sisupala's death at the latter's hand.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Salva in Brazil is the name of a plant defined with Salvia officinalis in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Salvia officinalis Pall..

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Section B, Biological Sciences (1981)
· Thaiszia (1997)
· Tableau physique et topographique de la Tauride (1794)
· Economic Botany (1957)
· Taxon (1980)
· Candollea (1995)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Salva, for example chemical composition, extract dosage, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, side effects, health benefits, have a look at these references.

Biology book cover
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This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śalva (शल्व).—Name of a country.

-śalvāḥ The Kṣatriyas; see शाल्व (śālva).

Derivable forms: śalvaḥ (शल्वः).

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Śālva (शाल्व).—

1) Name of a country.

2) A king of Śālva.

Derivable forms: śālvaḥ (शाल्वः).

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Sālva (साल्व).—

1) Name of a country, or its inhabitants (pl. in this sense).

2) Name of a demon slain by Viṣṇu.

Derivable forms: sālvaḥ (साल्वः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śalva (शल्व).—m.

(-lvaḥ) A country so named in the north of India. E. śal to go, va aff.; more usually śālva .

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Śālva (शाल्व).—m. Plu.

(-lvāḥ) The inhabitants of one of the central divisions of India. E. śāl-va .

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Sālva (साल्व).—mfn.

(-lvaḥ-lvī-lvaṃ) Belonging to the Salwa country: more usually read śālva. m.

(-lvaḥ) 1. The name of a demon, the enemy of Vishnu. 2. The name of a country, or place. m. Plu.

(-lvāḥ) The people.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śalva (शल्व).—m. The name of a country.

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Śālva (शाल्व).—i. e. śalva + a, m. 1. pl. The inhabitants of Śalva, [Sāvitryupākhyāna] 2, 7; Chr. 5, 6; 18, 34; 35. 2. The king of the Śālvas, ib. 14, 26.

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Sālva (साल्व).—m. 1. = śālva. 2. The name of a demon.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śālva (शाल्व).—[masculine] [plural] [Name] of a people.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śalva (शल्व):—m. [plural] Name of a people, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. salva)

2) a kind of plant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) Śālva (शाल्व):—m. [plural] (also written sālva; cf. śalva) Name of a people, [Gopatha-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata] etc. (mfn. ‘relating to the Śalvas’ [gana] kacchādi)

4) sg. a king of the Śālvas (mentioned among the enemies of Viṣṇu; cf. śālvāri below), [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

5) Śālvā (शाल्वा):—[from śālva] f. ([probably]) Name of a river [gana] nady-ādi

6) Śālva (शाल्व):—n. the fruit of the Śālva plant, [Pāṇini 4-3, 166], [vArttika] 2, [Patañjali] ([varia lectio])

7) Salva (सल्व):—m. [plural] Name of a people (also written śalva), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]

8) Sālva (साल्व):—sālvaṇa etc. See śālva, p.1068.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śalva (शल्व):—(lvaḥ) 1. m. A country in the north of India.

2) Śālva (शाल्व):—(lvāḥ) 1. m. plu. The inhabitants of one of the central divisions of India.

3) Sālva (साल्व):—(lvaḥ) 1. m. The name of a demon, enemy of Vishnu; name of a place. a. Of such a place.

[Sanskrit to German]

Shalva in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Sāḷva (ಸಾಳ್ವ):—[noun] any of numerous birds of prey of the family Accipitridae, having a short, hooked beak, broad wings, and curved talons, often seen circling or swooping at low altitude; a hawk.

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Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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