Padmaraga, Padmarāga, Padma-raga: 20 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Padmaraga means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

Padmarāga-māṇikya (पद्मराग-माणिक्य):—One of the two variations of the Ruby gem (māṇikya, one of the navaratna, or nine gems), according to the 13^th century Rasaprakāśasudhākara (Sanskrit work on Medical Alchemy).

This variation of the ruby is considered the best or the superior.

Source: History of Science in South Asia: Making Gems in Indian Alchemical Literature

Padmarāga (पद्मराग) refers to “rubies” for which alchemical formulas are provided in order to create these gems, according to the Vādakhaṇḍa section of the Rasaratnākara (lit. “jewel mine of mercury”): a 13th century alchemical work in Sanskrit written by Nityanātha.—Verses 1-40 of chapter 19 continues with a series of formulations for creating gems. These formulations stand on their own and do not seem to be integrated into a larger alchemical programme of making mercurial elixirs. The gems to be created include [rubies (padmarāga)], [...] None of the recipes for producing these gems are found in any other Sanskrit alchemical work.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

Padmarāga (पद्मराग) refers to a type of temple (prāsāda) classified under the group named Sāndhāra, according to Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra chapter 56. The Sāndhāra group contains twenty-five out of a sixty-four total prāsādas (temples) classified under four groups in this chapter. The Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra is an 11th-century encyclopedia dealing with various topics from the Vāstuśāstra.

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

Padmarāga (पद्मराग).—See under Navaratna.

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Padmarāga (पद्मराग) refers to a “Ruby”, representing the material for Indra’s liṅga, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.12, where the Devas and Viṣṇu requested Viśvakarman for liṅgas for the achievement of the desires of all people:—“[...] at our bidding Viśvakarmā made liṅgas and gave them to the devas according to their status. [...] Indra took a liṅga made of Ruby (Padmarāga-liṅga). The son of Viśravas (Naiśravaṇa or Kubera) took a liṅga of gold. [...] Thus different kinds of liṅgas were given to them by Viśvakarmā which the devas and the celestial sages worship regularly. After giving the devas the various liṅgas from a desire for their benefit, Viṣṇu explained the mode of worship of Śiva to me, Brahmā”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)

Padmarāga (पद्मराग) refers a kind of precious stone (gem) used for the making of images (Hindu icons), as defined in the texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The materials listed in the Āgamas for the making of images are wood, stone, precious gems, metals, terracotta, laterite, earth, and a combination of two or three or more of the materials specified above. The precious stones mentioned in the Āgamas for the purpose of making images are [for example] padmarāga.

Precious stones (e.g., padmarāga) are preferred materials for fashioning images.—The materials recommended in the śilpaśāstra for the fashioning of images are unburnt clay, burnt clay as in brick or terracotta, sudhā (a special kind of mortar/plaster), composite earth, wood, stone, metal, ivory, dhātu (mineral), pigment, and precious stones. Wood is considered superior to earth, stone as better than wood, metal better than stone, and precious stone (such as padmarāga) is the most preferred of all.

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Padmarāga (पद्मराग) refers to a “lotus” [=lotus-colored?], according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 10.7cd-17ab, while describing the worship of Bhairavī and Bhairava]—“[...] One should always worship [in times of] peace and prosperity, to suppress sickness and vice, [which are] the root cause of wasting away, [and] for the protection of cows, Brahmins, and men. One meditates on [Bhairava] as having equal radiance to snow, jasmine, the moon, or pearls. [He is] as clear as the curved moon and similar to immovable quartz. [He is] clear like the burning of the end of time, resembles a flower on the sacred tree, appears red like innumerable suns or, rather, red like a lotus (padmarāga—raktaṃ vā tamanusmaret ... athavā padmarāgābhaṃ). [...]”.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Padmarāga (पद्मराग, “ruby”) refers to a type of jewel (ratna), into which the universe was transformed by the Buddha’s miraculous power (ṛddhibala) according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XV). Note: this is a bright red pearl.

Also, “These jewels (eg, padmarāga) are of three types, Human jewels (manuṣya-ratna), Divine jewels (divya-ratna) and Bodhisattva jewels (bodhisattva-ratna). These various jewels remove the poverty (dāridrya) and the suffering (duḥkha) of beings”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Padmarāgā (पद्मरागा) is the daughter of Sugrīva (one of the sons of Ādityarajas and Indumālinī), according to the Jain Ramayana and chapter 7.2 [Rāvaṇa’s expedition of conquest] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.

Accordingly, “[...] Varuṇa gave his daughter, Satyavatī, to Hanumat. For, indeed, such a son-in-law, whose worth has been seen by one’s self, is hard to find. Rāvaṇa went to Laṅkā and, delighted, gave Candraṇakhā’s daughter, Anaṅgakusumā, to Hanūmat. Sugrīva gave Padmarāgā to him; Nala gave Harimālinī; and others gave him their daughters to the number of a thousand. Then Hanumat, lord of the powerful, was dismissed joyfully by Daśamukha with a close embrace and he went to Hanupura. [...]”;

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

padmarāga (पद्मराग).—m S A ruby.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

padmarāga (पद्मराग).—m A ruby.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग).—a ruby; R.13.53;17.23; Kumārasambhava 3.53; Kau. A.2.11.29; आकरे पद्मरागाणां जन्म काचमणेः कुतः (ākare padmarāgāṇāṃ janma kācamaṇeḥ kutaḥ) || H.

Derivable forms: padmarāgaḥ (पद्मरागः), padmarāgam (पद्मरागम्).

Padmarāga is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms padma and rāga (राग).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग).—m.

(-gaḥ) A ruby. E. padma a lotus, and rāga colour.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग).—m. a ruby, [Hitopadeśa] pr. [distich] 44, M.M.

Padmarāga is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms padma and rāga (राग).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग).—[masculine] a ruby (lotus-coloured).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग):—[=padma-rāga] [from padma] m. ‘lotus-hued’, a ruby, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (also -ka, [Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi]; ga-maya mf(ī)n. made or consisting of rubies, [Kāraṇḍa-vyūha])

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Padmarāga (पद्मराग):—[padma-rāga] (gaḥ) 1. m. A ruby.

[Sanskrit to German]

Padmaraga in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Padmarāga (ಪದ್ಮರಾಗ):—

1) [noun] the red colour.

2) [noun] a clear, deep-red variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone; a ruby.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 23 books and stories containing Padmaraga, Padmarāga, Padma-raga, Padma-rāga; (plurals include: Padmaragas, Padmarāgas, ragas, rāgas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Chapter LXX - Tests of Ruby < [Agastya Samhita]

Chapter LXXIV - Tests of topas (puspa-raga) < [Agastya Samhita]

Chapter LXXII - Tests of Sapphires < [Agastya Samhita]

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Verse 6.20.4 < [Chapter 20 - In the Description of the Second Fort, the Glories of Indra-tīrtha, etc.]

Verse 2.25.9 < [Chapter 25 - The Rāsa-dance Pastime]

Verse 2.19.20 < [Chapter 19 - The Rāsa-dance Pastime]

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Chapter 82 - On Rubies (padmarāga-lakṣaṇa)

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Verse 3.3.17 < [Part 3 - Fraternal Devotion (sakhya-rasa)]

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