Manana, Mānana, Mānanā, Manāṅa: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Manana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Manan.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Knowledge Traditions & Practices of India: Education: Systems & PracticesManana (मनन) refers to the second of three stages of learning according to the Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, forming part of the ancient Indian education system, which aimed at both the inner and the outer dimension of a person. In the first stage, manana, they thought, reflected and removed any doubts that may arise.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationManana (मनन, “deliberation”) refers to one of the three rites mentioned in the Śivapurāṇa 1.3. Accordingly, “[...] Rites mentioned in the Vedas should be performed with the fruits thereof dedicated to Him. Thence, through Sālokya he attains the feet of the great Lord. [...] Regarding visible things people see with their eyes and begin their activity. Concerning the invisible everywhere, they know through the ears and activise themselves. Hence Śravaṇa (listening) is the first rite. The intelligent scholar must listen to the oral explanation of the preceptor and then practise the other rites.—Kīrtana (glorifying) and Manana (deliberation)”.
According to Śivapurāṇa 1.4, “Śravaṇa (listening) is effected when one associates with good men. Then the Kīrtana of Paśupati becomes steady. In the end is the Manana which is the most excellent. All these take place as a result of benevolent surveillance of Lord Śiva”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Manana (मनन) or Mananamātra (Cf. Karaṇa) refers to “(pure) indeterminate awareness”, according to the Svacchandabhairavatantra.—[...] We find that the Transmental [i.e., unmanā] appears, as usual, at the upper extremity of a progressive ascent of consciousness through the phases of the syllable OṂ. [...] The level of the energy of the Equal One (samanā) is projected symbolically onto the topknot (śikhā) at the apex of the microcosmic body. Here the yogi experiences the ‘equal flavour’ (samarasa) of all things. His consciousness not directed to a specific object (mantavya), his mind abides in a state of pure indeterminate awareness (manana-mātra). By rising beyond this level, the yogi’s consciousness is purified and comes to rest in the power of the Transmental (unmanā), which is the undivided Light that illumines the entire universe, and attains Śiva
2) Manana (चतुरशीति) refers to “reflection”, according to the Ṭīkā (commentary) on the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “In this way (from the top of the head) up to the location of the (left) toe (the body measures) eighty-four fingers. Then, above that, there (is a space measuring) twelve fingers in the three energies. In this way (it extends for) ninety-six fingers. That is the End of the Twelve (dvādaśānta). Then above that is the Transmental (manonmanī). It has the quality of reflection (manana) and salvation (trāṇa). It is above the End of the Twelve (dvādaśānta) and measures twelve fingers. In this way, (adding) both ninety-six and twelve fingers together, makes one hundred and eight. That is the End of the Sixteen (ṣoḍaśānta)”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (yoga)Manana (मनन) refers to “contemplating (upon the teachings)”, according to Śivānandasarasvatī’s Yogacintāmaṇi, a 17th-century text on Haṭhayoga by consisting of 3423 verses.—Accordingly, “Meditation along with the practices [ancillary to it] have been explained briefly by me according to scripture and my understanding. Listening to and contemplating (manana) [the teachings] which are seen in detail and at length only in the Upaniṣads, have not been discussed for fear of prolixity. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarymanana : (nt.) thinking. || mānana (nt.), paying honour or respect.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryMānana, (nt.) & Mānanā (f.) (fr. māna1) paying honour or respect; reverence, respect S. I, 66; J. II, 138; Pug. 19, 22; Miln. 377 (with sakkāra, vandana, pūjana & apaciti); Dhs. 1121; DhsA. 373.—Cp. vi°, sam°. (Page 529)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarymanana (मनन).—n (S) Considering or reflecting upon; revolving in the mind.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishmanana (मनन).—n Considering; revolving in the mind.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryManana (मनन).—a. [man-lyu lyuṭ vā] Thoughtful, careful.
-nam 1 Thinking, reflection, meditation, cogitation; युक्त्या संभावितत्वानुसंधानं मननं तु तत् (yuktyā saṃbhāvitatvānusaṃdhānaṃ mananaṃ tu tat) Pañcha-daśī 1.53; मननान्मुनि- रेवासि (mananānmuni- revāsi) Hariv.
2) Intelligence, understanding.
3) An inference arrived at by reasoning.
4) A guess, conjecture.
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Mānana (मानन) or Mānanā (मानना).—
1) Honouring, respecting; अश्विनोर्माननार्थं हि सर्वलोकपितामहः (aśvinormānanārthaṃ hi sarvalokapitāmahaḥ) Rām.5.6.2.
2) Killing; भवतोऽभिमनाः समीहते सरुषः कर्तुमुपेत्य माननाम् (bhavato'bhimanāḥ samīhate saruṣaḥ kartumupetya mānanām) Śiśupālavadha 16.2.
Derivable forms: mānanam (माननम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryMananā (मनना).—according to Foucaux pride, but perhaps rather intellection (Sanskrit manana): (tejaḥsama ity ucyate) durā- sada-sarva-mananā-prahīṇa-sarvakleśadāhapratyupasthā- natvāt Lalitavistara 424.15. (Tibetan omitted in Foucaux.)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryManana (मनन).—n.
(-naṃ) Minding, understanding. E. man to know, aff. lyuṭ .
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Mānana (मानन).—nf.
(-naṃ-nā) Honouring, paying respect.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryManana (मनन).—[man + ana], n. 1. Minding, considering, [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
Manana (मनन).—[adjective] thoughtful, careful; [neuter] thought, reflection, consideration.
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Mananā (मनना).—([instrumental] [adverb]) thoughtfully, carefully.
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Mānana (मानन).—[neuter] nā [feminine] veneration, reverence.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Manana (मनन):—[from man] mfn. thoughtful, careful, [Ṛg-veda]
2) [v.s. ...] n. thinking, reflection, meditation, thought, intelligence, understanding ([especially] intrinsic knowledge or science, as one of the faculties connected with the senses, [Nirukta, by Yāska viii, 6] = manman), [Harivaṃśa; Śaṃkarācārya; Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha] (nā ind. thoughtfully, deliberately, [Ṛg-veda])
3) [v.s. ...] n. homage, reverence, [Sāyaṇa on Ṛg-veda i, 165, 4.]
4) Mananā (मनना):—[from manana > man] ind., thoughtfully, deliberately, [Ṛg-veda]
5) Manāna (मनान):—[from man] mfn. devout, pious, [Ṛg-veda vi, 67, 10.]
6) Mānana (मानन):—[from māna] a mfn. ([from] [Causal]) honouring, serving as a token of respect, [Nirukta, by Yāska]
7) [v.s. ...] n. and f(ā). paying honour, showing respect, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]
8) b mānanīya etc. See [column]2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryManana (मनन):—(naṃ) 1. n. Minding, regarding.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Manana (मनन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Maṇaṇa, Maṇṇaṇa, Mannā, Māṇaṇa, Māṇaṇā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Manana (मनन) [Also spelled manan]:—(nm) meditation, contemplation; brooding, pondering/thinking deeply over something; ~[śīla] meditative/contemplative; thoughtful; hence ~[śīlatā] (nf); [mananīya] contemplatable; —[karanā] to brood/ponder over/think deeply; to contemplate, to meditate.
2) Manānā (मनाना):—(v) to persuade; to appease, to bring round by persuasion (to one’s point of view); (nm) the act or process of bringing round by persuasion; appeasement.
3) Mānanā (मानना):—(v) to agree, to accept; to admit, to confess; to regard, to respect; to presume, to suppose; to assume, to imagine; to take for granted; to accede to; to yield; [mānā huā] imaginary, hypothetical; outstanding, recognized (as [māne hue vidvāna]).
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Maṇaṇa (मणण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Manana.
2) Māṇaṇa (माणण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Mānana.
3) Māṇaṇā (माणणा) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Mānanā.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusManana (ಮನನ):—[noun] a calm, lengthy, intent consideration as by fixing the mind on the subject; reflection; meditation.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Mananacivu, Mananadinighantu, Mananagrantha, Mananak, Mananamatra, Manananda, Mananaprakarana, Mananashila, Mananashta, Mananashtam, Mananatukkam, Mananavat, Mananayika, Mananayukta, Mananermai, Manano, Mananovu, Mananoy.
Ends with (+11): Abhimanana, Amanana, Amtarmanana, Anulomanana, Anumanana, Apamanana, Avamanana, Bahumanana, Bhimanana, Brahmanana, Cintanamanana, Dhanamanana, Dhanmanana, Omanana, Padmanana, Paumanana, Pramanana, Pratimanana, Prativimanana, Romanana.
Full-text (+59): Manna, Amanana, Avamana, Avamanana, Vimanana, Sammanana, Pratimanana, Abhimanas, Manauti, Mananagrantha, Mananaprakarana, Mananayukta, Mananavat, Mannana, Soga, Anumanana, Ninaital, Mananadinighantu, Vedantamanana, Bilaga.
Relevant text
Search found 64 books and stories containing Manana, Mānana, Mānanā, Mananā, Manāna, Manānā, Maṇaṇa, Māṇaṇa, Māṇaṇā, Manāṅa; (plurals include: Mananas, Mānanas, Mānanās, Mananās, Manānas, Manānās, Maṇaṇas, Māṇaṇas, Māṇaṇās, Manāṅas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika (by R. Balasubramanian)
Verse 3.60 < [Book 3 - Bhṛguvallī]
Verse 3.2 < [Book 3 - Bhṛguvallī]
Verse 1.73 < [Book 1 - Śīkṣāvallī]
The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (by Ven. Mingun Sayadaw)
Chapter 5 - The Prophecy < [The Anudīpanī (on the Great Chronicle of Buddhas)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.40 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 12.12 < [Chapter 12 - Bhakti-yoga (Yoga through Pure Devotional Service)]
Verse 12.11 < [Chapter 12 - Bhakti-yoga (Yoga through Pure Devotional Service)]
Prasthanatrayi Swaminarayan Bhashyam (Study) (by Sadhu Gyanananddas)
12.4. Śravaṇādi-Sopānas (Steps for Grasping Knowledge) < [Chapter 4 - Analysis on the Basis of Spiritual Endeavour]
11. Ekāntiki Bhakti (Introduction) < [Chapter 4 - Analysis on the Basis of Spiritual Endeavour]
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