Khari, Kha-ri, Khārī, Khāri: 27 definitions
Introduction:
Khari means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Images (photo gallery)
(+19 more images available)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kharī (खरी).—A female attendant of Skanda. (Mahābhārata Śalya Parva, Chapter 46, Stanza 22).
Kharī (खरी) refers to the name of a Lady mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.45.6). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kharī) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Kalpa (Formulas, Drug prescriptions and other Medicinal preparations)
Khari (खरि) is another name for Droṇī: a unit of measurement of weight (1 khari equals 196.608kg), as defined in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning khari] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).
A relative overview of weight-units is found below, khari indicated in bold. In case of liquids, the metric equivalents would be the corresponding litre and milliliters.
1 Ratti or Guñjā = 125mg,
8 Rattis - 1 Māṣa = 1g,
4 Māṣa - 1 Kaḻañc = 4g,
12 Māṣas - 1 Karṣa = 12g,
1 Karṣa /Akṣa - 1 Niṣka = 12g,
2 Karṣas - 1 Śukti = 24g,
2 Śukti - 1 Pala = 48g,
2 Palas - 1 Prasṛti = 96g,
2 Prasṛtis - 1 Kuḍava = 192g,
2 Kuḍava - 1 Mānikā = 384g,
2 Mānikās - 1 Prastha (Seru) = 768g,
4 Prasthas - 1 Āḍhaka (Kaṃsa) = 3.072kg,
4 Āḍhakas or Kalaśas - 1 Droṇa = 12.288kg,
2 Droṇas - 1 Surpa = 24.576kg,
2 Surpas - 1 Droṇī (Vahi) = 49.152kg,
4 Droṇīs - 1 Khari = 196.608kg,
1 Pala = 48g,
100 Palas - 1 Tulā = 4.8kg,
20 Tulās - 1 Bhāra = 96kg.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Khāri (खारि):—A unit of Measurement; Four combind droni are equals to one khari = 196. 608 kg / l of metric units |
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Khārī (खारी) refers to a “measure of capacity in relation to grain”, and represents a technical term occurring in the Gaṇitasāra-saṅgraha—an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with ancient Indian algebra and mathematical problems written by Mahāvīra (Mahāvīrācārya) in the 9th century.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Khārī (खारी) refers to one of the “thousand names of Kumārī”, as mentioned in the Kumārīsahasranāma, which is included in the 10th chapter of the first part (prathamabhāga) of the Rudrayāmala-Uttaratantra: an ancient Tantric work primarily dealing with the practice of Kuṇḍalinī-yoga, the worship of Kumārī and discussions regarding the Cakras. This edition is said to be derived of the Rudrayāmalatantra and consists of 6000 verses in 90 chapters (paṭalas) together with the Saralā-Hindīvyākhyopetam (i.e., the Rudrayamalam Uttaratantram with Sarala Hindi translation).—Khārī is mentioned in śloka 1.10.28.—The chapter notes that one is granted the rewards obtained by reciting the text even without the performance of pūjā (worship), japa, snāna (bathing) and puraścaryā.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Jainism
Jain philosophy
Kharī (खरी) (Gujarati; in Sanskrit: Khura) refers to a “hoof”, as occurring in the Anekāntajayapatākā-prakaraṇa, a Śvetāmbara Jain philosophical work written by Haribhadra Sūri.—[Cf. Vol. I, P. 385, l. 4]—‘Khura’ means a hoof. In Pāiya (Prakrit) we have this very word but in Gujarati we have ‘kharī’. The word ‘khura’ occurs in Mahābhāṣya (p. 1).
-
India history and geography
Khāri.—(EI 17), a land measure; cf. khārī, khārīvāpa. Note: khāri is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
--- OR ---
Khārī.—(IE 8-6; CII 4), a measure of capacity equal to sixteen droṇas. (IE 8-6), shortened form of khārīvāpa or khārikāvāpa. Note: khārī is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Khari [खरी] in the Nepali language is the name of a plant identified with Celtis tetrandra Roxb. from the Ulmaceae (Elm) family having the following synonyms: Celtis serotina, Celtis trinervia. For the possible medicinal usage of khari, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Khari [खरी] in the Nepali language is the name of a plant identified with Celtis australis L. from the Cannabaceae (Marijuana) family having the following synonyms: Celtis alpina, Celtis lutea, Celtis serrata.
Khari [खरी] in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. from the Amaranthaceae (Amaranth) family having the following synonyms: Aerva elegans, Illecebrum lanatum, Achyranthes lanata.
1) Khari in Guinea is the name of a plant defined with Pterocarpus erinaceus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Lingoum erinaceum (Poir.) Kuntze (among others).
2) Khari in India is also identified with Amaranthus retroflexus It has the synonym Galliaria retroflexa (L.) Nieuwl. (etc.).
3) Khari is also identified with Suaeda plumosa It has the synonym Salsola fruticosa (L.) L. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Flora de Filipinas (1877)
· Kromosomo
· Acta Botanica Neerlandica (1977)
· United States Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. Botany (1871)
· Phytotherapy Research (2003)
· Phytomedicine (1999)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Khari, for example health benefits, side effects, extract dosage, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
khāri : (f.) 16 measures of grain; a basket suspended from a pingo.
Khārī, (f.) (and khāri-) a certain measure of capacity (esp. of grain, see below khārika). It is used of the eight requisites of an ascetic, and often in conn. with his yoke (kāja): “a khārī-load. ”
[Pali to Burmese]
1) kharī—
(Burmese text): ကြမ်းတမ်းသော သဘော။ ခရိဂတ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): Harsh attitude. Look at the calendar.
2) khārī—
(Burmese text): (၁) တို့။ (၂) (က) ရသေ့ပရိက္ခရာ။ (ခ) (ရသေ့တို့၏) အိုးခွက်။ (၃) ထမ်းပိုး။ ခါရိဘာဇ,ခါရိဘာဇမိဿ-လည်းကြည့်။ ခါရိဝိဝိဓ-(ခ)-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Us. (2) (a) Ceramics. (b) (Of ceramics) Cup. (3) Serving. Look at Khariba, Khariba Mith. Also look at Kharivi.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
kharī (खरी).—f C Cultivable ground occurring or formed on a sheet of rock.
--- OR ---
khārī (खारी).—f Cloudiness and coldness of weather, rawness. v suṭa, paḍa. 2 (Usually khāra) A squirrel. 3 A yellowish clay. Much used for the dhābēṃ or flat earthen roof.
kharī (खरी).—f A field on a sheet of rock.
--- OR ---
khārī (खारी).—f Cloudiness and coldness of weather.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kharī (खरी).—A she-ass; वनं स्वर्गसुखं यत्र खरीभिः सह वर्धसे (vanaṃ svargasukhaṃ yatra kharībhiḥ saha vardhase) Ks. 63.134.
--- OR ---
Khāri (खारि) or Khārī (खारी).—f. A measure of grain equal to 16 droṇas. [ 4 मुष्टि (muṣṭi)s = 1 निष्टिका (niṣṭikā); 2 निष्टिका (niṣṭikā)s = 1 अष्टिका (aṣṭikā); 2 अष्टिका (aṣṭikā)s = 1 कुडव (kuḍava); 4 कुटव (kuṭava)s = 1 प्रस्थ (prastha); 4 प्रस्थ (prastha)s = 1 आढकी (āḍhakī); 4 आढकी (āḍhakī)s = 1 द्रोण (droṇa); 16 or 2 द्रोण (droṇa)s = 1 खारी (khārī).] खारीशतसहस्रेण धान्यैनापूरितौ ततः (khārīśatasahasreṇa dhānyaināpūritau tataḥ) Parṇāl.4.73; Pañcatantra (Bombay) 4.26.
-rī A scar.
Derivable forms: khāriḥ (खारिः).
See also (synonyms): khāra.
--- OR ---
Kharī (खरी).—(i. e. [khecarī])
1) a semi-divine female able to fly.
2) an epithet of Durgā.
3) The magical power of flying (siddhi); एवं सखीभिरुक्ताहं खेचरी- सिद्धिलोलुभा (evaṃ sakhībhiruktāhaṃ khecarī- siddhilolubhā) Kathāsaritsāgara 2.15.
4) a particular मुद्रा (mudrā) or position of fingers.
Kharī is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms kha and rī (री).
Khārī (खारी).—f. A measure of grain, containing 16 droṇas, or about three bushels, [Pañcatantra] iv. [distich] 27.
1) Kharī (खरी):—[from khara] a f. ([Pāṇini 3-2, 30; Siddhānta-kaumudī]) a she-ass, [Kathāsaritsāgara lxiii]
2) [v.s. ...] ‘a she-mule’ See kharī-vātsalya
3) [v.s. ...] Name of one of the mothers in Skanda’s retinue, [Mahābhārata ix, 2624.]
4) [from khara] b f. of ra q.v.
5) Khārī (खारी):—[from khāra] a f. idem, [Ṛg-veda iv, 32, 17; Pāṇini; Pañcatantra; Rājataraṅgiṇī]
6) Khāri (खारि):—[from khāra] f. (ifc. [Pāṇini 5-4, 101; Kāśikā-vṛtti]) = khāra, [Siddhānta-kaumudī stry. 32.]
7) Khārī (खारी):—[from khāra] b f. of ra q.v.
Khāri (खारि):—f. = khārī [HAḌḌACANDRA] bei [Bharata] zu [Amarakoṣa] [Śabdakalpadruma] [Siddhāntakaumudī 248,a,9.] Am Ende eines comp. [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 5, 4, 101,] [Scholiast] [Vopadeva’s Grammatik 6. 56.]
--- OR ---
Khārī (खारी):—f. ein best. Hohlmaass [Amarakoṣa.2,9,89. 10.] [Siddhāntakaumudī 249,b,11.] = 16 Droṇa [Algebra 3.] [SVĀMIN] zu [Amarakoṣa] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 886.] = 1(1/2) Sūrpa = 3 Droṇa [Bharata] zu [Amarakoṣa] = 4 Gauṇi = 4096 Pala [VAIDYAKAPARIBHĀṢĀ im Śabdakalpadruma] = 4 Droṇa [SMṚTI im Śabdakalpadruma] śa.aṃ somasya khā.yaḥ [Ṛgveda 4, 32, 17.] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 5, 4, 101. 2, 73,] [Scholiast] cūrṇasya [Pañcatantra IV, 27.] dhānya [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 71.]
Kharī (खरी):—Adv. mit bhū hartnäckig werden von einer Krankheit) [Carakasaṃhitā 6,18.]
--- OR ---
Khāri (खारि):—f. = , khāra , khārī.
Khārī (खारी) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Khāri.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Kharī (खरी):—(a) feminine form of [kharā] (see); chalk; oil cake; —[khoṭī] harsh and unpalatable, relentless (words); —[kharī sunānā] to call a spade a spade, to tell one some home-truths, to speak out unpalatable truths; —[khoṭī sūnānā] to send one away with a flea in one’s ear, to give a bit of one’s mind, to take to tasks; —[majūrī, cokhā kāma] good wages, good work.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Khāri (खारि) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Khārī.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Khāri (ಖಾರಿ):—
1) [noun] a piece or tract of land that is rich in salt or salts; a brackish land.
2) [noun] a part of a sea or lake, indenting the shoreline; wide inlet not so large as a gulf.
3) [noun] a shallow place in a stream, river, etc., where one can cross by wading or by riding on horseback, etc.; a ford.
--- OR ---
Khāri (ಖಾರಿ):—[noun] an old measure of grain of varying capacity (equal to 128 seers or 160 seers).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Kharī (खरी):—n. 1. Bot. nettle tree; 2. chalk; 3. a kind of paste put like a disc on the center of a drum;
2) Kharī (खरी):—adj. fem. of खरो [kharo]
3) Khāri (खारि):—n. a measure of weight;
4) Khārī (खारी):—adj. alkaline; saline;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Kha, I, Khara, Ri, Na.
Starts with (+17): Khari-buti, Khari-chang, Khari-jar, Kharia, Kharial, Kharibhanda, Kharibhara, Kharibharadhara, Kharibharita, Kharibhu, Kharid, Kharida, Kharidabikri, Kharidadara, Kharidadari, Kharidai, Kharidakhata, Kharidana, Kharidara, Kharidbikri.
Full-text (+151): Kharika, Kharimpaca, Kharivapa, Kharijangha, Kharimdhama, Kharivrisha, Kharivishana, Kharikaja, Kharividha, Khara, Kharivatsalya, Ardhakhara, Ardhakhari, Kharimdhaya, Shurpakhari, Vividhakhari, Kharidhara, Kharivividha, Adhyardhakharika, Qu li.
Relevant text
Search found 64 books and stories containing Khari, Kha-ri, Kha-rī, Khaari, Khara-i, Khara-ī, Khara-na-i, Khāra-ṇa-ī, Khārī, Khāri, Kharī; (plurals include: Kharis, ris, rīs, Khaaris, is, īs, Khārīs, Khāris, Kharīs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 364 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 701 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 474 < [Gujarati-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Kathasaritsagara (cultural study) (by S. W. Chitale)
Articles of Trade (Import and Export) < [Chapter 3 - Economic Conditions]
Description of ancient Indian Agriculture < [Chapter 3 - Economic Conditions]
Magic in ancient India < [Chapter 4 - Social Conditions]
Charaka Samhita (English translation) (by Shree Gulabkunverba Ayurvedic Society)
Chapter 12c - Table of Measures (mana) < [Kalpasthana (Kalpa Sthana) — Section on Pharmaceutics]
Narada Purana (English translation) (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 75 - Procedure of showing lamp to Hanumān < [Part 3 - Pūrva-bhāga: Tṛtīya-pāda]
Chapter 85 - Yakṣiṇīmantra-nirūpaṇa—The mantras of Yakṣiṇī < [Part 3 - Pūrva-bhāga: Tṛtīya-pāda]
Ganita-sara-sangraha by Mahavira-Acharya (by M. Rangacharya)
Appendix 4 - Tables of measures
Chapter 1 - On Terminology (samjna-adhikara) < [Part 1 - English translation]
Chapter 1 - Samjnadhikarah < [Part 2 - Sanskrit text]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)