Sanskrit quote nr. 33 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अकलियुगमखर्वमत्र हृद्यं व्यचरदपापघनो यतः कुटुम्बी ।
मम रुचिरिह लक्ष्मणाग्रजेन प्रभवति शर्मदशास्यमर्देन ॥akaliyugamakharvamatra hṛdyaṃ vyacaradapāpaghano yataḥ kuṭumbī |
mama ruciriha lakṣmaṇāgrajena prabhavati śarmadaśāsyamardena ||⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⎼⎼¦¦⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦⎼¦¦
⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦⎼¦¦⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⏑¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⎼⎼¦¦
Meter name: Puṣpitāgrā; Type: Akṣaracchanda (ardhasama); First and third pādas: 12 syllables; Second and fourth pādas: 13 syllables
Primary English translation:
“My interest is in the elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma) who destroyed the ten-faced monster (Rāvaṇa) by which happiness will come in as much as he led a householder’s life, resplendent without any sin attached, pleasing and full as if it were not the kaliyuga (iron age).”
(translation by A. A. Ramanathan)
Index
- Introduction
- Glossary of terms
- Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
- Sources
- Authorship
- About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Akali (अकलि): defined in 6 categories.
Yuga (युग): defined in 15 categories.
Akharva (अखर्व): defined in 3 categories.
Atra (अत्र): defined in 5 categories.
Hridya (hrdya, hṛdya, हृद्य): defined in 6 categories.
Rada (रद): defined in 10 categories.
Papa (pāpa, पाप): defined in 13 categories.
Ghana (घन): defined in 22 categories.
Yatah (yataḥ, यतः): defined in 1 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Yata (यत): defined in 7 categories.
Kutumbin (kuṭumbin, कुटुम्बिन्): defined in 2 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Ruci (रुचि): defined in 12 categories.
Iha (इह): defined in 9 categories.
Lakshmana (laksmana, lakṣmaṇa, लक्ष्मण, lakṣmaṇā, लक्ष्मणा): defined in 15 categories.
Lakshman (laksman, lakṣman, लक्ष्मन्): defined in 2 categories.
Agraja (अग्रज): defined in 6 categories.
Prabhavat (प्रभवत्): defined in 3 categories.
Sharmada (sarmada, śarmada, शर्मद): defined in 2 categories.
Shasya (sasya, śāsya, शास्य): defined in 11 categories.
Ina (इन): defined in 9 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Buddhism, Hinduism, Pali, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), India history, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Nepali, Ayurveda (science of life), Kavya (poetry), Prakrit, Jainism, Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Gitashastra (science of music), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Arts (wordly enjoyments)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “akaliyugamakharvamatra hṛdyaṃ vyacaradapāpaghano yataḥ kuṭumbī”
- akali -
-
akali (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]akali (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]akali (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]
- yugam -
-
yuga (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- akharvam -
-
akharva (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]akharva (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]akharvā (noun, feminine)[adverb]akharvan (noun, masculine)[adverb]akharvan (noun, neuter)[adverb]√kharv (verb class 1)[imperfect active first single]
- atra -
-
atra (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]atra (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]atra (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- hṛdyam -
-
hṛdya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]hṛdya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]hṛdyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- vyaca -
-
√vyac (verb class 6)[imperative active second single]
- rada -
-
rada (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]rada (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√rad (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- pāpa -
-
pāpa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]pāpa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- ghano* -
-
ghana (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- yataḥ -
-
yataḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yataḥ (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yat (noun, masculine)[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]yat (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]yata (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√i -> yat (participle, masculine)[accusative plural from √i class 2 verb], [ablative single from √i class 2 verb], [genitive single from √i class 2 verb]√i -> yat (participle, neuter)[ablative single from √i class 2 verb], [genitive single from √i class 2 verb]√yam -> yata (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √yam class 1 verb]
- kuṭumbī -
-
kuṭumbin (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “mama ruciriha lakṣmaṇāgrajena prabhavati śarmadaśāsyamardena”
- mama -
-
asmad (pronoun, none)[genitive single]√mā (verb class 2)[perfect active second plural]√mā (verb class 3)[perfect active second plural]√mā (verb class 4)[perfect active second plural]√mā (verb class 1)[perfect active second plural]
- rucir -
-
ruci (noun, feminine)[nominative single]ruci (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- iha -
-
iha (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]iha (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- lakṣmaṇā -
-
lakṣmaṇa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]lakṣmaṇa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]lakṣmaṇā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]lakṣman (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- agrajena -
-
agraja (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]agraja (noun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- prabhavati -
-
prabhavat (noun, masculine)[locative single]prabhavat (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- śarmada -
-
śarmada (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]śarmada (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- śāsyam -
-
śāsya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]śāsya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]śāsyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√śās -> śāsya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √śās class 2 verb]√śās -> śāsya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √śās class 2 verb], [accusative single from √śās class 2 verb]√śas -> śāsya (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √śas class 1 verb]√śas -> śāsya (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √śas class 1 verb], [accusative single from √śas class 1 verb]
- arde -
-
√ard (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]√ard (verb class 6)[imperative active second single]
- ina -
-
ina (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ina (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
Sources
This quote is contained within the following Sanskrit literary sources:
Rasikarañjana 5: Literally, ‘the delight of the rasikas’. This is a poetic text characterised by enantiosemy (a word with multiple antonimical meanings). It is a relatively short work consisting of 17 prakaraṇas (chapters). The verses are composed in a variety of different meters. The book was written by Rāmacandra in 1524.
More info
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 33 and can be found on page 6. (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.