Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.53.14

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

किं ते॑ कृण्वन्ति॒ कीक॑टेषु॒ गावो॒ नाशिरं॑ दु॒ह्रे न त॑पन्ति घ॒र्मम् । आ नो॑ भर॒ प्रम॑गन्दस्य॒ वेदो॑ नैचाशा॒खं म॑घवन्रन्धया नः ॥
किं ते कृण्वन्ति कीकटेषु गावो नाशिरं दुह्रे न तपन्ति घर्मम् । आ नो भर प्रमगन्दस्य वेदो नैचाशाखं मघवन्रन्धया नः ॥
kiṃ te kṛṇvanti kīkaṭeṣu gāvo nāśiraṃ duhre na tapanti gharmam | ā no bhara pramagandasya vedo naicāśākham maghavan randhayā naḥ ||

English translation:

“What do the cattle for you among the Kīkaṭas; they yield no milk to mix with the Soma, they need not the vessel (for the libation); bring them to us; (bring also) the wealth of the son of the usurer, and give us Maghavan, (the possessions) of the low branches (of the community).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The Kīkaṭas: (Nirukta 6.32) are people who do not perform worship, who are infidels, nāstikas; in countrie sinhabited by anāryas (kīkaṭā nāma deśonāryanivāsaḥ); na tapanti gharmāṇi: harmyam = a house;

Gharmāṇi = a vessel termed mahāvīra used at the rite called pragṛhya: pragṛh yākhyā karmopa yuktam mahāvīrapātram, which the cattle do not warm by yielding their milk to it;

Usurer: ā bhara pramagandasya vedas: maganda = kusidin, or usurer, one who says to himself, the money that goes from me will come back doubled, and pra = a patronymic; low branches of the community: naicāśākham, that which belongs to a low (nīca) branch, or class (śākha); the posterity born of Śūdras and the like

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

किम् । ते॒ । कृ॒ण्व॒न्ति॒ । कीक॑टेषु । गावः॑ । न । आ॒ऽशिर॑न् । दु॒ह्रे । न । त॒प॒न्ति॒ । घ॒र्मम् । आ । नः॒ । भ॒र॒ । प्रऽम॑गन्दस्य । वेदः॑ । नै॒चा॒ऽशा॒खम् । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । र॒न्ध॒य॒ । नः॒ ॥
किम् । ते । कृण्वन्ति । कीकटेषु । गावः । न । आशिरन् । दुह्रे । न । तपन्ति । घर्मम् । आ । नः । भर । प्रमगन्दस्य । वेदः । नैचाशाखम् । मघवन् । रन्धय । नः ॥
kim | te | kṛṇvanti | kīkaṭeṣu | gāvaḥ | na | āśiran | duhre | na | tapanti | gharmam | ā | naḥ | bhara | pra-magandasya | vedaḥ | naicāśākham | magha-van | randhaya | naḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.53.14 English analysis of grammar]

kiṃ < kim < ka

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

te < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

kṛṇvanti < kṛ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

kīkaṭeṣu < kīkaṭa

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

gāvo < gāvaḥ < go

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

nāśiraṃ < na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

nāśiraṃ < āśiram < āśir

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“mixture.”

duhre < duh

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“milk.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

tapanti < tap

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“heat; burn; grieve; afflict; burn; afflict; trouble; boil.”

gharmam < gharma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sunlight; heat; summer; Gharma; Gharma; boiler; perspiration; caldron.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

bhara < bhṛ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

pramagandasya < pramaganda

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

vedo < vedaḥ < vedas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“property.”

naicāśākham < naicāśākha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

maghavan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; maghavan [word].”

randhayā < randhay < √radh

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“subjugate; hand over.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

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