Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 14.12.12

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परमव्यक्तरूपस्य परं मुक्त्वा स्वकर्मभिः ।
यत्र नैव शरैः कार्यं न भृत्यैर्न च बन्धुभिः ।
आत्मनैकेन योद्धव्यं तत्ते युद्धमुपस्थितम् ॥ १२ ॥

paramavyaktarūpasya paraṃ muktvā svakarmabhiḥ |
yatra naiva śaraiḥ kāryaṃ na bhṛtyairna ca bandhubhiḥ |
ātmanaikena yoddhavyaṃ tatte yuddhamupasthitam || 12 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...enemies, (by means of your spiritual vision), And the man who is able to perceive the nature of the eternal reality is able to overreach the influence of the great fear (perdition...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (14.12.12). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Parama, Vyaktarupa, Param, Para, Muktva, Svakarman, Yatra, Naiva, Shara, Karya, Bhritya, Bandhu, Atman, Aika, Yoddhavya, Tat, Tad, Yushmad, Yuddha, Upasthita,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 14.12.12). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “paramavyaktarūpasya paraṃ muktvā svakarmabhiḥ ”
parama -
parama (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

parama (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
vyaktarūpasya -
vyaktarūpa (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]
param -
param (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

para (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

para (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
muktvā -
muktvā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

√muc -> muktvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √muc]

√muc -> muktvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √muc]

√muj -> muktvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √muj]
svakarmabhiḥ -
svakarman (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
Line 2: “yatra naiva śaraiḥ kāryaṃ na bhṛtyairna ca bandhubhiḥ ”
yatra -
yatra (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yatra (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

yatra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

yatra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
naiva -
naiva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
śaraiḥ -
śara (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

śara (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
kāryam -
kārya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

kārya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

kāryā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)

[adverb from √kṛ]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)

[adverb from √kṛ]

√kṛ -> kāryā (participle, feminine)

[adverb from √kṛ]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ], [accusative single from √kṛ]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]

√kṛ -> kārya (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 3 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 6 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 6 verb]

√kṝ -> kārya (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]

√kṝ -> kārya (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṝ class 9 verb], [accusative single from √kṝ class 9 verb]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
bhṛtyair -
bhṛtya (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

bhṛtya (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
bandhubhiḥ -
bandhu (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

bandhū (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
Line 3: “ātmanaikena yoddhavyaṃ tatte yuddhamupasthitam ”
ātmanai -
ātman (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
aikena -
aika (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

aika (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
yoddhavyam -
yoddhavya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

yoddhavya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

yoddhavyā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√yudh -> yoddhavya (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 4 verb]

√yudh -> yoddhavya (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [nominative single from √yudh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 4 verb]
tat -
tat (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
te -
ta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

tad (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[dative single], [genitive single]
yuddham -
yuddha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

yuddha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

yuddhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√yudh -> yuddha (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 4 verb]

√yudh -> yuddha (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 1 verb], [nominative single from √yudh class 4 verb], [accusative single from √yudh class 4 verb]
upasthitam -
upasthita (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

upasthita (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

upasthitā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 14.12.12

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

Buy now!

Preview of verse 14.12.12 in Kannada sript:
ಪರಮವ್ಯಕ್ತರೂಪಸ್ಯ ಪರಂ ಮುಕ್ತ್ವಾ ಸ್ವಕರ್ಮಭಿಃ ।
ಯತ್ರ ನೈವ ಶರೈಃ ಕಾರ್ಯಂ ನ ಭೃತ್ಯೈರ್ನ ಚ ಬನ್ಧುಭಿಃ ।
ಆತ್ಮನೈಕೇನ ಯೋದ್ಧವ್ಯಂ ತತ್ತೇ ಯುದ್ಧಮುಪಸ್ಥಿತಮ್ ॥ ೧೨ ॥

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 14.12.12 in Bengali sript:
পরমব্যক্তরূপস্য পরং মুক্ত্বা স্বকর্মভিঃ ।
যত্র নৈব শরৈঃ কার্যং ন ভৃত্যৈর্ন চ বন্ধুভিঃ ।
আত্মনৈকেন যোদ্ধব্যং তত্তে যুদ্ধমুপস্থিতম্ ॥ ১২ ॥

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 14.12.12 in Gujarati sript:
પરમવ્યક્તરૂપસ્ય પરં મુક્ત્વા સ્વકર્મભિઃ ।
યત્ર નૈવ શરૈઃ કાર્યં ન ભૃત્યૈર્ન ચ બન્ધુભિઃ ।
આત્મનૈકેન યોદ્ધવ્યં તત્તે યુદ્ધમુપસ્થિતમ્ ॥ ૧૨ ॥

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 14.12.12 in Malayalam sript:
പരമവ്യക്തരൂപസ്യ പരം മുക്ത്വാ സ്വകര്മഭിഃ ।
യത്ര നൈവ ശരൈഃ കാര്യം ന ഭൃത്യൈര്ന ച ബന്ധുഭിഃ ।
ആത്മനൈകേന യോദ്ധവ്യം തത്തേ യുദ്ധമുപസ്ഥിതമ് ॥ ൧൨ ॥

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 14.12.12 in Telugu sript:
పరమవ్యక్తరూపస్య పరం ముక్త్వా స్వకర్మభిః ।
యత్ర నైవ శరైః కార్యం న భృత్యైర్న చ బన్ధుభిః ।
ఆత్మనైకేన యోద్ధవ్యం తత్తే యుద్ధముపస్థితమ్ ॥ ౧౨ ॥

Last Updated: 17 September, 2021