Bhritya, Bhṛtya: 20 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Arthashastra
3. Jyotisha
4. Arts
In Buddhism
1. Tibetan Buddhism
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Bhritya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Bhṛtya can be transliterated into English as Bhrtya or Bhritya, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Bhraty.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) refers to a “servant”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.6 (“The miraculous feat of Kārttikeya”).—Accordingly, as a Brahmin named Nārada said to Kumāra (Kārttikeya): “[...] O lord of all, ocean of mercy, favourably disposed to devotees, I am your own servant (bhṛtya). May even a hundred sins of your own servant or a leader of the Gaṇas be forgiven. O lord, you know even the slightest act of devotion done anywhere. You are the destroyer of the distress of your servants (bhṛtya-artihan). O lord, there is no other protector save you and no other wretched vulgar person than I. [...]”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Bhṛtya (भृत्य).—Servants engaged for service, those who do not do properly or neglect, are liable to be punished with a fine of 8 Kṛṣṇalas besides being deprived of their wages;¹ conduct of, reported by cāras;² not loyal in the kaliyuga.³

1) Matsya-purāṇa 227. 9.
2) Ib. 215. 89; Vāyu-purāṇa 110. 54.
3) Ib. 58. 42.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Arthashastra (politics and welfare)

Source: Shodhganga: Kakati Ganapatideva and his times (artha)

Bhritya is synonymous with Baṇṭu: the frequently referred official who appeared to have served the king in every way. Baṇṭu, Bhaṭuṇḍu and Bhritya seem to be synonyms. It appears that the meaning of the term baṇṭu changes with the context. The baṇṭus or personal attendants served the king in all activities, later on they would have been formed into a separate body known as leṃkas, the military batallions.

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (artha)

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) refers to a “servant”, according to the Arthaśāstra verse 1.9.9-10.—Accordingly, “He should appoint as chaplain a man who comes from a very distinguished family and has an equally distinguished character, who is thoroughly trained in the Veda together with the limbs, in divine omens, and in government, and who could counteract divine and human adversities through Atharvan means. He should follow him as a pupil his teacher, a son his father, and a servant (bhṛtya) his master”.

context information

Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्र, arthaśāstra) literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) refers to “servants”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If there should be both lunar and solar eclipses in one month, princes will suffer both from dissensions among their own army and from wars. [...] If the solar or lunar eclipse should fall in the lunar month of Kārttika, persons who live by fire, the Magadhas, the eastern princes, the Kosalas, the Kalmāṣas, the Śūrasenas and the people of Benares will suffer miseries; the ruler of Kaliṅga with his ministers and servants [i.e., bhṛtya] and the Kṣatriyas will perish but there will be prosperity and plenty in the land”.

context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) refers to “servants”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the black-eyed division of hawks]: “[...] Like servants (bhṛtya) they become serviceable if their expectations are raised, and if they are rewarded according to their deserts. This class is quick to hear a distant call, to fall on distant prey and capture big’ quarry. The second class will now be treated of. [...]”.

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara Samadhi

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) refers to “servants”, according to the Guru Mandala Worship (maṇḍalārcana) ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “All gods whoever in the earth and Nāgas, mountains with secret assemblies, Being a counter to, do once offer, the ghosts in each of your own directions. Seize satisfaction, along with your wives, children, servants (bhṛtya) and soldiers, Flowers, offerings, incense and ointment, seize, enjoy, and be exuberant, And enjoy granting success in this work. [...]”.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

bhṛtya (भृत्य).—m S A hireling, a mercenary, a man upon wages or pay; a servant in general. Pr. bhṛtyakṛtaṃ rājanī The master gets all the honor and dishonor of the deeds of the servant.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

bhṛtyā (भृत्या).—f Wages, pay. Nourishing.

--- OR ---

bhṛtya (भृत्य).—m A servant.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य).—a. [bhṛ kyap tak ca] To be nourished or maintained &c.

-tyaḥ 1 Any one requiring to be supported.

2) A servant, dependant, slave.

3) A king's servant, minister of state; भृत्यप्रणाशो मरणं नृपाणाम् (bhṛtyapraṇāśo maraṇaṃ nṛpāṇām) H.2.136.

4) A subject.

-tyā 1 Rearing, fostering, nourishing, taking care of; as in कुमारभृत्या (kumārabhṛtyā) q. v.

2) Maintenance, support.

3) A means of sustenance, food.

4) Wages.

5) Service.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य).—mfn. (-tyaḥ-tyā-tya) To be nourished or maintained. m.

(-tyaḥ) 1. A dependent. 2. A servant, a slave. 3. A minister. f.

(-tyā) Hire, wages. E. bhṛ to nourish, aff. kyap, with tuk augment.

--- OR ---

Bhṛtyā (भृत्या).—f.

(-tyā) 1. Rearing, nourishing. 2. Maintenance. 3. Service. 4. Wages.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य).—I. ptcple. fut. pass. of bhṛ, To be nourished. Ii. m. A servant, [Pañcatantra] 175, 16; i. [distich] 325. Iii. f. yā, Hire.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य).—[masculine] dependant, servant, minister of a king; [abstract] tā [feminine], tva [neuter]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Bhṛtya (भृत्य):—[from bhṛ] mfn. to be nourished or maintained

2) [v.s. ...] m. one who is to be m°, a dependent, servant (also the s° of a king, a minister), [Gṛhya-sūtra; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

3) Bhṛtyā (भृत्या):—[from bhṛtya > bhṛ] f. support, maintenance, wages etc. (= bhṛti), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

4) [v.s. ...] nursing, care of (cf. kumāra-bhṛtyā).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य):—(tyaḥ) 1. m. A servant. f. (tyā) Hire. a. Nourished, cherished.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Bhicca.

[Sanskrit to German]

Bhritya in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Bhṛtya (भृत्य) [Also spelled bhraty]:—(nm) a servant, an attendant.

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Bhṛtya (ಭೃತ್ಯ):—

1) [noun] a man employed by another, esp. to perform domestic or menial duties.

2) [noun] an adviser, counsel or minister.

3) [noun] an individual person, as a native, inhabitant or subject of a nation.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 29 books and stories containing Bhritya, Bhṛtya, Bhrtya, Bhṛtyā; (plurals include: Bhrityas, Bhṛtyas, Bhrtyas, Bhṛtyās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 2.6.1 < [Chapter 6 - The Lord’s Meeting with Advaita Ācārya]

Verse 1.1.5 < [Chapter 1 - Summary of Lord Gaura’s Pastimes]

Verse 2.8.75 < [Chapter 8 - The Manifestation of Opulences]

+ 58 more chapters / show preview

Verse 1.5.110 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]

Verse 1.5.116 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]

Verse 1.6.16-18 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]

+ 1 more chapters / show preview

Professions, Servants and Employed persons < [Chapter 3 - Social Aspects]

show preview

Rig Veda 1.84.16 < [Sukta 84]

Rig Veda 10.29.4 < [Sukta 29]