Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 12.335.23

स तामसो मधुर्जातस्तदा नारायणाज्ञया ।
कठिनस्त्वपरो बिन्दुः कैटभो राजसस्तु सः ॥ २३ ॥

sa tāmaso madhurjātastadā nārāyaṇājñayā |
kaṭhinastvaparo binduḥ kaiṭabho rājasastu saḥ || 23 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...Rishi repaired to his own retreat on the breast of Himavat, Those foremost of ascetics viz., Nara and Narayana, however continued to reside in their delightful retreat of Vadari, engaged in the practice of the...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (12.335.23). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Tamasa, Madhu, Madhus, Jatri, Jata, Tada, Narayanajna, Kathina, Tva, Apara, Bindu, Kaitabha, Rajasa, Sah,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 12.335.23). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “sa tāmaso madhurjātastadā nārāyaṇājñayā
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tāmaso* -
  • tāmasa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • madhur -
  • madhus (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    madhu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • jātas -
  • jātṛ (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    jāta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    jan -> jāta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √jan class 1 verb], [nominative single from √jan class 2 verb], [nominative single from √jan class 3 verb], [nominative single from √jan class 4 verb]
  • tadā* -
  • tadā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    tada (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • nārāyaṇājñayā -
  • nārāyaṇājñā (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
  • Line 2: “kaṭhinastvaparo binduḥ kaiṭabho rājasastu saḥ
  • kaṭhinas -
  • kaṭhina (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tva -
  • tu (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    tva (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • aparo* -
  • apara (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • binduḥ -
  • bindu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kaiṭabho* -
  • kaiṭabha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • rājasas -
  • rājasa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tu -
  • tu (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
  • saḥ -
  • saḥ (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 12.335.23

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

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Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 12.335.23 in Kannada sript:
ಸ ತಾಮಸೋ ಮಧುರ್ಜಾತಸ್ತದಾ ನಾರಾಯಣಾಜ್ಞಯಾ ।
ಕಠಿನಸ್ತ್ವಪರೋ ಬಿನ್ದುಃ ಕೈಟಭೋ ರಾಜಸಸ್ತು ಸಃ ॥ ೨೩ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 12.335.23 in Bengali sript:
স তামসো মধুর্জাতস্তদা নারাযণাজ্ঞযা ।
কঠিনস্ত্বপরো বিন্দুঃ কৈটভো রাজসস্তু সঃ ॥ ২৩ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 12.335.23 in Gujarati sript:
સ તામસો મધુર્જાતસ્તદા નારાયણાજ્ઞયા ।
કઠિનસ્ત્વપરો બિન્દુઃ કૈટભો રાજસસ્તુ સઃ ॥ ૨૩ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 12.335.23 in Malayalam sript:
സ താമസോ മധുര്ജാതസ്തദാ നാരായണാജ്ഞയാ ।
കഠിനസ്ത്വപരോ ബിന്ദുഃ കൈടഭോ രാജസസ്തു സഃ ॥ ൨൩ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

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Preview of verse 12.335.23 in Telugu sript:
స తామసో మధుర్జాతస్తదా నారాయణాజ్ఞయా ।
కఠినస్త్వపరో బిన్దుః కైటభో రాజసస్తు సః ॥ ౨౩ ॥

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