Hitopadesha [sanskrit]

8,857 words

The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.

अवशेन्द्रिय-चित्तानां हस्ति-स्नानम् इव क्रिया ।
दुर्भगाभरण-प्रायो ज्ञानं भारः क्रियां विना ॥ १८ ॥

avaśendriya-cittānāṃ hasti-snānam iva kriyā |
durbhagābharaṇa-prāyo jñānaṃ bhāraḥ kriyāṃ vinā || 18 ||

The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 1.18 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:

Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (1.18). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Avasha, Indriya, Citta, Hastin, Hasti, Snana, Iva, Kriya, Durbhaga, Abharana, Praya, Prayas, Jnana, Bhara, Vina,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 1.18). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “avaśendriya-cittānāṃ hasti-snānam iva kriyā
  • avaśe -
  • avaśa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single], [locative single]
    avaśa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    avaśā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • indriya -
  • indriya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    indriya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • cittānām -
  • citta (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    citta (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    cittā (noun, feminine)
    [genitive plural]
  • hasti -
  • hastin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    hastin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    hastī (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [vocative single]
    hastī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    hastī (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • snānam -
  • snāna (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • iva -
  • iva (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    iva (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • kriyā -
  • kriyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • Line 2: “durbhagābharaṇa-prāyo jñānaṃ bhāraḥ kriyāṃ vinā
  • durbhagā -
  • durbhaga (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    durbhaga (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    durbhagā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • ābharaṇa -
  • ābharaṇa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • prāyo* -
  • prāyas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    prāya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • jñānam -
  • jñāna (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    jñānā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • bhāraḥ -
  • bhāra (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kriyām -
  • kriyā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • vinā -
  • vinā (indeclinable postposition)
    [indeclinable postposition]
    vi (noun, masculine)
    [instrumental single]
    vi (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    (noun, neuter)
    [instrumental single]
    vinā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 1.18

Cover of edition (2015)

The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)

Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Buy now!
Cover of Gujarati edition

Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)

[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad

Buy now!

Preview of verse 1.18 in Gujarati sript:
અવશેન્દ્રિય-ચિત્તાનાં હસ્તિ-સ્નાનમ્ ઇવ ક્રિયા ।
દુર્ભગાભરણ-પ્રાયો જ્ઞાનં ભારઃ ક્રિયાં વિના ॥ ૧૮ ॥

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