Ru, Rū, Ṟu, Ṟū, Rù, Rú, Rǔ: 61 definitions
Introduction:
Ru means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
1) Ru (रु).—Substitute र् (r) for the consonant स् (s) at the end of a word as also for the ष् (ṣ) of सजुत्र्, न् (sajutr, n) of अहन् (ahan) and optionally with र् (r) for the final स् (s) of अम्नस्, ऊधस् (amnas, ūdhas) and अवस् (avas) in Veda; e.g. अग्निरत्र, वायुरत्र, सजूर्देवोभिः (agniratra, vāyuratra, sajūrdevobhiḥ) cf. P.VIII.2.66; the र् (r) of this रु (ru) (as contrasted with the substitute र् (r) which see above) is further changed into उ (u) before a soft consonant and before the vowel अ (a) provided it is preceded by the vowel अ (a), while र् (r), prescribed as substitute र (ra) (which see above), remains unchanged; e g. शिवोर्च्यः, शिवो वन्द्यः (śivorcyaḥ, śivo vandyaḥ) as contrasted with अहरत्र, अहर्गणः (aharatra, ahargaṇaḥ);
2) Ru.—Substitute र् (r) for the final ज् (j) of अवयज् (avayaj) (e. g, अवयाः (avayāḥ)), for ह् (h) of श्वेतवह् (śvetavah) (e.g. श्वेतवाः (śvetavāḥ)), and for श् (ś) of पुरोडाश् (puroḍāś) (e.g. पुगेडाः (pugeḍāḥ)) before the case affix सु (su) ; cf.P.VIII.4.67;
3) Ru.—Substitute र् (r) (or द् (d)) for the final स् (s) or द् (d) of a verb-form ending with the personal ending सिप् (sip) of the 2nd pers. sing; cf. P. VIII.2.74,75;
4) Ru.—Substitute र् (r) for the final न् (n) of words ending with the affix मत् (mat) or वस् (vas) in Veda; e.g. मरुत्वः हरिवः (marutvaḥ harivaḥ) ; cf. Kas. on P.VIII.3.1;
5) Ru.—Substitute र् (r) for the final न् (n) at the end of a word when it is followed by a छव् (chav) letter i.e. the first or a second consonant excepting ख् (kh) and फ् (ph); e.g. भवांश्चिनोति (bhavāṃścinoti); cf. P.VIII. 3.7;
6) Ru.—Substitute र् (r) for the final न् (n) of नॄन् (nṝn) before the letter प् (p) as also for the final न् (n) of स्वतवान् (svatavān) and कान् (kān) under certain conditions; cf. P. VIII.3. 10.12.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Rukāra (रुकार) or Rukāra refers to the “letter ru” (symbolizing the state of being free from conceptual arrangement, etc.], according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, “[...] (The meaning of the letter ru, i.e., being free from conceptual arrangement, etc.—) [Taught in connection with] the conceptual arrangement, the selflessness of person, the great, is [accompanied by] a web of conceptualization. The letter ru [e.g., rukāra] [represents the principle that] myself is conditioned: That [letter ru refers to the state of] being free from the conceptual arrangement of ‘mine’. [...]”.
Note: Verses 9c–10b explain the meaning of the letter ru (of Śrīheruka), based on the traditional idea or a doctrine that the letter ru refers to the state of being free from conceptual arrangement (apagatavyūha) or equivalent. The Hevajra was the first to teach this (rukārāpagatavyūham. , Skt ed. (Snellgrove 1959), I.7.27c). [...]
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Chinese Buddhism
1) 入 [ru]—To enter, entry, entrance; come, bring or take in; at home; awaken to the truth; begin to understand; to relate the mind to reality and thus evolve knowledge.
2) 如 [ru]—tathā 多陀 [duo tuo]; 但他 [dan ta] (or 怛他 [da ta]), so, thus, in such manner, like, as. It is used in the sense of the absolute, the 空 [kong] śūnya, which is 諸佛之實相 [zhu fu zhi shi xiang] the reality of all Buddhas; hence 如 [ru] ru is 賃相 [lin xiang] the undifferentiated whole of things, the ultimate reality; it is 諸法之性 [zhu fa zhi xing] the nature of all things, hence it connotes 法性 [fa xing] faxing which is 眞實之際極 [zhen shi zhi ji ji] the ultimate of reality, or the absolute, and therefore connotes 實際 [shi ji] ultimate reality. The ultimate nature of all things being 如 [ru] ru, the one undivided same, it also connotes 理 [li] li, the principle or theory behind all things, and this 理 [li] li universal law, being the 眞實 [zhen shi] truth or ultimate reality; 如 [ru] ru is termed 眞如 [zhen ru] bhūtatathatā, the real so, or suchness, or reality, the ultimate or the all, i. e. the 一如 [yi ru] yiru. In regard to 如 [ru] ju as 理 [li] li the Prajñā-pāramitā puṇḍarīka makes it the 中 [zhong] zhong, neither matter nor nothingness. It is also used in the ordinary sense of so, like, as (cf yathā).
3) 乳 [ru]—Milk, which in its five forms illustrates the Tiantai 五時教 [wu shi jiao] five periods of the Buddha's teaching.
4) 儒 [ru]—A scholar; learned. Confucian.
5) 濡 [ru]—To dip, wet, soak; damp; glossy; forbearing.
6) 蠕 [ru]—Wrigglers, crawlers, e.g. worms.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
如 [ru]—(rú) — [Term] refers to the individual characteristics of phenomena (法 [fa], fǎ), and also to the ultimate reality (實相 [shi xiang], shíxiàng) of phenomena. For example, the solidity of earth (地 [de], dì) or the wetness of water (水 [shui], shuǐ) are called individual characteristics (堅相 [jian xiang], jiānxiàng; 濕相 [shi xiang], shīxiàng), which is the of empirical phenomena (事相 [shi xiang], shìxiàng). However, these individual empirical phenomena are not truly existent; in reality, they are all empty (空 [kong], kōng). Because the reality of all phenomena is emptiness, and emptiness is the ultimate reality of all Buddhas (諸佛 [zhu fu], zhūfó), this of ultimate reality is called . Therefore, ultimate reality is . Furthermore, since this is the nature of all phenomena, it is called Dharma-nature (法性 [fa xing], fǎxìng). And since this Dharma-nature is the ultimate limit of reality, it is called ultimate reality (實際 [shi ji], shíjì). Therefore, , Dharma-nature (法性 [fa xing]), and ultimate reality (實際 [shi ji]) are all different names for the ultimate reality of all phenomena.
Moreover, when the rationality (理性 [li xing], lǐxìng) of all phenomena is the same, it is called , because although phenomena differ individually, their underlying principle (理體 [li ti], lǐtǐ) is uniformly equal. Therefore, is another name for principle. This principle is true, hence it is called Suchness (真 [zhen], zhēnrú). This principle is one, hence it is called One Suchness (一 [yi], yīrú). However, regarding its underlying principle, the in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras (般若經 [ban ruo jing], bōrě jīng) is established as emptiness, while the in the Lotus Sūtra (法華經 [fa hua jing], fǎhuá jīng) is established as the Middle Way. This reflects differences in teaching approaches (教門 [jiao men], jiàomén).
The Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra (智度論 [zhi du lun], Zhìdù Lùn), Volume 32, states: "There are two kinds of for all phenomena: first, individual characteristics; second, ultimate reality." It also states: "Buddhist disciples (佛弟子 [fu di zi], fó dìzǐ) observe the fundamental characteristics of phenomena as they are." It also states: ", Dharma-nature, and ultimate reality – these three are all different names for the ultimate reality of all phenomena."
The Vimalakīrti Sūtra (維摩經 [wei mo jing], Wéimó Jīng), Bodhisattva Chapter (菩薩品 [pu sa pin], Púsà Pǐn), states: "means non-duality and non-difference."
The Daishō Gishō (大乘義章 [da cheng yi zhang], Dàchéng Yìzhāng), Volume 1, states: ", Dharma-nature, and ultimate reality – their meanings originate from the Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra (大品經 [da pin jing], Dàpǐn Jīng). These three are distinct terms for principle. (omission) refers to their sameness in meaning; although the characteristics of phenomena differ, the principle is truly identical, hence it is called ."
The Commentary on the Mahāvairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra (大日經疏 [da ri jing shu], Dàrì Jīngshū), Volume 1, states: "Tathatā (怛他 [da ta], Tátā) means ."
The Mohe Zhiguan (止觀 [zhi guan], Zhǐguān), Volume 2, states: "is merely another name for emptiness."
The Jingying Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sūtra (維摩經淨影疏 [wei mo jing jing ying shu], Wéimó Jīng Jìngyǐng Shū) states: "When the true essence of phenomena is identical, it is called ."
如—【術語】如者如法之各各之相也，如法之實相也。如地之堅相，如水之濕相，謂之各各之相是事相之如也。然此各各之事相，非實有，其實皆空，以彼此之諸法以空為實，空者，是諸佛之實相也，此實相之如，稱為如。故實相即如也。又此如為諸法之性，故名法性，此法性為真實之際極，故曰實際。故如與法性與實際，皆諸法實相之異名也。又，諸法之理性相同，謂之如，以諸法雖各各差別而理體則一味平等故也。故如者理之異名也。此理真實，故云真如，其理為一，故云一如，但就其理體言之，般若經之如，立為空，法華經之如，立為中，是教門之不同也。智度論三十二曰：「諸法如有二種：一者各各相，二者實相。」又曰：「佛弟子如法本相觀。」又曰：「如法性實際，此三皆是諸法實相異名。」維摩經菩薩品曰：「如者不二不異。」大乘義章一曰：「如，法性，實際，義出大品經，此三乃是理之別目。（中略）如者是其同義，法相雖殊，理實同等，故名為如。」大日經疏一曰：「怛他是如義。」止觀二曰：「如空之異名耳。」維摩經淨影疏曰：「真法體同，名之為如。」
[shù yǔ] rú zhě rú fǎ zhī gè gè zhī xiāng yě, rú fǎ zhī shí xiāng yě. rú de zhī jiān xiāng, rú shuǐ zhī shī xiāng, wèi zhī gè gè zhī xiāng shì shì xiāng zhī rú yě. rán cǐ gè gè zhī shì xiāng, fēi shí yǒu, qí shí jiē kōng, yǐ bǐ cǐ zhī zhū fǎ yǐ kōng wèi shí, kōng zhě, shì zhū fú zhī shí xiāng yě, cǐ shí xiāng zhī rú, chēng wèi rú. gù shí xiāng jí rú yě. yòu cǐ rú wèi zhū fǎ zhī xìng, gù míng fǎ xìng, cǐ fǎ xìng wèi zhēn shí zhī jì jí, gù yuē shí jì. gù rú yǔ fǎ xìng yǔ shí jì, jiē zhū fǎ shí xiāng zhī yì míng yě. yòu, zhū fǎ zhī lǐ xìng xiāng tóng, wèi zhī rú, yǐ zhū fǎ suī gè gè chà bié ér lǐ tǐ zé yī wèi píng děng gù yě. gù rú zhě lǐ zhī yì míng yě. cǐ lǐ zhēn shí, gù yún zhēn rú, qí lǐ wèi yī, gù yún yī rú, dàn jiù qí lǐ tǐ yán zhī, bān ruò jīng zhī rú, lì wèi kōng, fǎ huá jīng zhī rú, lì wèi zhōng, shì jiào mén zhī bù tóng yě. zhì dù lùn sān shí èr yuē: “zhū fǎ rú yǒu èr zhǒng: yī zhě gè gè xiāng, èr zhě shí xiāng.” yòu yuē: “fú dì zi rú fǎ běn xiāng guān.” yòu yuē: “rú fǎ xìng shí jì, cǐ sān jiē shì zhū fǎ shí xiāng yì míng.” wéi mó jīng pú sà pǐn yuē: “rú zhě bù èr bù yì.” dà chéng yì zhāng yī yuē: “rú, fǎ xìng, shí jì, yì chū dà pǐn jīng, cǐ sān nǎi shì lǐ zhī bié mù. (zhōng lüè) rú zhě shì qí tóng yì, fǎ xiāng suī shū, lǐ shí tóng děng, gù míng wèi rú.” dà rì jīng shū yī yuē: “dá tā shì rú yì.” zhǐ guān èr yuē: “rú kōng zhī yì míng ěr.” wéi mó jīng jìng yǐng shū yuē: “zhēn fǎ tǐ tóng, míng zhī wèi rú.”
[shu yu] ru zhe ru fa zhi ge ge zhi xiang ye, ru fa zhi shi xiang ye. ru de zhi jian xiang, ru shui zhi shi xiang, wei zhi ge ge zhi xiang shi shi xiang zhi ru ye. ran ci ge ge zhi shi xiang, fei shi you, qi shi jie kong, yi bi ci zhi zhu fa yi kong wei shi, kong zhe, shi zhu fu zhi shi xiang ye, ci shi xiang zhi ru, cheng wei ru. gu shi xiang ji ru ye. you ci ru wei zhu fa zhi xing, gu ming fa xing, ci fa xing wei zhen shi zhi ji ji, gu yue shi ji. gu ru yu fa xing yu shi ji, jie zhu fa shi xiang zhi yi ming ye. you, zhu fa zhi li xing xiang tong, wei zhi ru, yi zhu fa sui ge ge cha bie er li ti ze yi wei ping deng gu ye. gu ru zhe li zhi yi ming ye. ci li zhen shi, gu yun zhen ru, qi li wei yi, gu yun yi ru, dan jiu qi li ti yan zhi, ban ruo jing zhi ru, li wei kong, fa hua jing zhi ru, li wei zhong, shi jiao men zhi bu tong ye. zhi du lun san shi er yue: "zhu fa ru you er zhong: yi zhe ge ge xiang, er zhe shi xiang." you yue: "fu di zi ru fa ben xiang guan." you yue: "ru fa xing shi ji, ci san jie shi zhu fa shi xiang yi ming." wei mo jing pu sa pin yue: "ru zhe bu er bu yi." da cheng yi zhang yi yue: "ru, fa xing, shi ji, yi chu da pin jing, ci san nai shi li zhi bie mu. (zhong lue) ru zhe shi qi tong yi, fa xiang sui shu, li shi tong deng, gu ming wei ru." da ri jing shu yi yue: "da ta shi ru yi." zhi guan er yue: "ru kong zhi yi ming er." wei mo jing jing ying shu yue: "zhen fa ti tong, ming zhi wei ru."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
入 [ru]—(rù) — [Term] Understanding the truth is called . Dayuan Yizhang (大乘義章 [da cheng yi zhang]), Vol. 1, states: "Verification and comprehension are called ." Understanding things is called . Immeasurable Life Sutra (無量壽經 [wu liang shou jing]), Vol. 1, states: "Entering all sounds and voices." Jingying Commentary (淨影疏 [jing ying shu]) states: "means understanding." When roots (根 [gen]) and objects (境 [jing]) mutually involve and enter (涉 [she]) to produce consciousness (識 [shi]), it is called . For example, the Twelve (十二 [shi er]). In new translations, it is called the Twelve Abodes (十二處 [shi er chu]). Dayuan Yizhang, Vol. 8, states: "When roots (根 [gen]) and dusts (塵 [chen]) mutually conform and enter (順 [shun]), it is also called ." Zhìguān (止觀 [zhi guan]), Vol. 5, states: "means involvement and entering (涉 [she])." See the main entry for the Two (二 [er]). See the Three Categories (三科 [san ke]) entry for the Twelve (十二 [shi er]).
入—【術語】悟真理謂為入。大乘義章一曰：「證會名之為入。」
解知事物曰入。無量壽經上曰：「入眾言音。」淨影疏曰：「入謂解也。」
根境互相涉入而生識，謂之入。如十二入。新譯言十二處。大乘義章八末曰：「根塵互相順入亦名為入。」止觀五曰：「入者涉入。」
二入見本條。十二入見三科條。(三科)
[shù yǔ] wù zhēn lǐ wèi wèi rù. dà chéng yì zhāng yī yuē: “zhèng huì míng zhī wèi rù.”
jiě zhī shì wù yuē rù. wú liàng shòu jīng shàng yuē: “rù zhòng yán yīn.” jìng yǐng shū yuē: “rù wèi jiě yě.”
gēn jìng hù xiāng shè rù ér shēng shí, wèi zhī rù. rú shí èr rù. xīn yì yán shí èr chù. dà chéng yì zhāng bā mò yuē: “gēn chén hù xiāng shùn rù yì míng wèi rù.” zhǐ guān wǔ yuē: “rù zhě shè rù.”
èr rù jiàn běn tiáo. shí èr rù jiàn sān kē tiáo.(sān kē)
[shu yu] wu zhen li wei wei ru. da cheng yi zhang yi yue: "zheng hui ming zhi wei ru."
jie zhi shi wu yue ru. wu liang shou jing shang yue: "ru zhong yan yin." jing ying shu yue: "ru wei jie ye."
gen jing hu xiang she ru er sheng shi, wei zhi ru. ru shi er ru. xin yi yan shi er chu. da cheng yi zhang ba mo yue: "gen chen hu xiang shun ru yi ming wei ru." zhi guan wu yue: "ru zhe she ru."
er ru jian ben tiao. shi er ru jian san ke tiao.(san ke)
1) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “milk; kṣīra”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: kṣīra, Japanese: nyū, Tibetan: 'o ma (BCSD '乳 [ru]', p. 78; Mahāvyutpatti 'kṣīram'; MW 'kṣīra'; SH '乳 [ru]', p. 248; Unihan '乳 [ru]').
2) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “breast; stana”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: stanaḥ, Tibetan: nu ma (BCSD '乳 [ru]', p. 78; Mahāvyutpatti 'stanaḥ'; MW 'stana')..
3) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “Thus”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao] , Subdomain: Fo Guang Shan; Notes: (Glossary of Humanistic Buddhism)..
4) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “thus; tathā”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: tathā, Japanese: nyo, Tibetan: de bzhin (BCSD '如 [ru]', p. 342; DJBT '如 [ru]', p. 429; Mahāvyutpatti 'tathā'; MW 'tathā'; SH '如 [ru]', p. 210)..
5) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “like; iva”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: iva (BCSD '如 [ru]', p. 342; MW 'iva'; SH '如 [ru]', p. 210)..
6) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “suchness; tathatā”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: tathatā; see 真如 [zhen ru] (Dhammajoti 2013, p. 38)..
7) 汝 ts = rǔ p refers to [pronoun] “you; tvam; bhavat”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: bhavat, or: tvam, or: tvām, or: tava, or: tvayi, Japanese: jo; bhavat is a polite form. 汝 [ru] translates the Sanskrit second person singular pronoun: nominative tvam 'you', accusative tvām 'you', dative tubhyām 'for you', ablative tvat 'from you', genitive tava 'yours' and, locative tvayi 'where you are' (BCSD '汝 [ru]', p. 707; Dhammajoti 2013, p. 36; MW 'tva'; Unihan '汝 [ru]')...
8) 入 ts = rù p refers to [adjective] “entering; praveśa”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: praveśa, Japanese: nyū, or: ju, or: jū, Tibetan: zhugs (BCSD '入 [ru]', p. 156; Edgerton 1953 'praveśa', p. 387; MW 'praveśa'; SH '入 [ru]', p. 32; Shan and Lian 2013, p. 8; Unihan '入 [ru]')..
9) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “entered; attained; āpanna”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: āpanna, Pali; āpanna (Dhammajoti 2013, p. 88; Edgerton 1953 'āpanna', p. 97' MW 'āpanna')..
10) 褥 ts = rù p refers to [noun] “bedding; saṃstara”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: saṃstara, Japanese: joku (BCSD '褥 [ru]', p. 1052; MW 'saṃstara'; Unihan '褥 [ru]')..
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
India history and geography
Rū.—(IE 8-1), abbreviation of rūpaka or rūpyaka. (CITD), abbreviation of Telugu rūka meaning ‘cash’ and probably derived from Sanskrit rūpaka. Note: rū is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Ru in Malaysia is the name of a plant defined with Casuarina equisetifolia in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Casuarina equisetifolia J.R. & G. Forster (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Herb. Amboin. (1743)
· Allg. Naturgesch. (1841)
· Flora de Filipinas (1837)
· Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (1982)
· Regnum Vegetabile, or ‘a Series of Handbooks for the Use of Plant Taxonomists and Plant Geographers’ (1993)
· Smithsonian Contributions to Botany (1975)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Ru, for example diet and recipes, health benefits, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, chemical composition, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
rū (रू).—m ( H) Carded cotton. 2 n ( P Face.) The front side of a playing card.
rū (रू).—m Carded cotton.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Ru (रु).—I. 2 P. (rauti, ravīti, ruta)
1) To cry, howl, scream, yell, shout, roar; to hum (as bees); to sound in general; कर्णे कलं किमपि रौति शनैर्विचित्रम् (karṇe kalaṃ kimapi rauti śanairvicitram) H.1.81; Bhaṭṭikāvya 3.17; 12.72;14.21. -Caus. To make sound; यस्माल्लोकत्रयं चैतद् रावितं भयमागतम् (yasmāllokatrayaṃ caitad rāvitaṃ bhayamāgatam) Rām.7.16.37. -II. 1 Ā. (ravate)
1) To go, move.
2) To hurt, kill.
3) Ved. To break to pieces.
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Ru (रु).—
1) Sound, noise.
2) Fear, alarm.
3) War, battle.
4) Cutting, dividing.
Derivable forms: ruḥ (रुः).
Ru (रु).—[(ṭu,)ṭuru] r. 2nd cl. (rauti) 1. To sound. 2. To make a particular sort of sound. (ṅ) ruṅ r. 1st. cl. (ravate) 1. To go, to move. 2. To hurt, to injure or kill. 3. To speak. 4. To be angry.
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Ru (रु).—m.
(-ruḥ) 1. War, battle. 2. Noise, sound. f.
(-ruḥ) 1. Fear, alarm. 2. Cutting, dividing. E. ru to sound, aff. kvip .
Ru (रु).—ii. 2, [Parasmaipada.] 1. To sound, to make a particular sound, as birds, Mahābhārata 1, 5898; bees, etc., to hum, [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 80, M.M. 2. To bray, Mahābhārata 1, 4508. 3. To yelp, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 113. 4. To yell, Mahābhārata 4, 1463. Ptcple. of the pf. pass. ruta, n. 1. Any cry or noise, humming of bees, [Bhaṭṭikāvya, (ed. Calc.)] 2, 10. 2. The cry of birds, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 52, 11. 3. Song, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 131. Frequent. roru and rorūya, To cry loudly, to yelp loudly, Mahābhārata 1, 6112; 663. [Causal.] rāvaya, To fill with a roar, Mahābhārata 3, 15928.
— With the prep. abhi abhi, abhiruta, 1. Sounded, filled with the sound of, Mahābhārata 3, 1535. 2. Sounding. 3. Humming, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 34. n. Sound, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 9, 17.
— With ā ā, To cry, [Bhaṭṭikāvya, (ed. Calc.)] 17, 24.
— With vi vi, 1. To sound, [Mṛcchakaṭikā, (ed. Stenzler.)] 144, 2. 2. To yell, [Pañcatantra] 64, 4. 3. To lament, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 102; Mahābhārata 3, 336. viruta, n. Tone. Cāk. [distich] 85; singing, [Ṛtusaṃhāra] 6, 33. [Causal.] To make a braying noise, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 64.
— With sam sam, To cry, [Bhaṭṭikāvya, (ed. Calc.)] 17, 71.
— Cf. ([frequentative.]); [Latin] raucus, rūmor; [Anglo-Saxon.] ryn.
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Ru (रु).—i. 1, [Ātmanepada.] 1. To go. 2. To hurt, or to be angry (?). 3. To speak.
Ru (रु).—1. rauti ruvati ravati ravate [participle] ruta (q.v.) roar, howl, shriek, croak, sound, thunder. [Causative] rāvayati cause to roar or cry, fill with cries. [Intensive] roravīti, rorūyate, ti roar or cry out loudly.
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Ru (रु).—2. only rāviṣam & ruta (q.v.) crush.
1) Ru (रु):—1. ru [class] 2. [Parasmaipada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxiv, 24]; cf. [Pāṇini 7-3, 15]) rauti or ravīti ([Vedic or Veda] also ruvati and ravoti, te; p. ruvat, ravat, ravamāṇa, ravāṇa; [perfect tense] rurāva, [Mahābhārata]; ruruvire, [Brāhmaṇa]; [Aorist] arāvīt, [Ṛg-veda]; Prec. rūyāt [grammar]; [future] ravitā or rotā, [ib.]; raviṣyati, [ib.]; [infinitive mood] ravitum, [ib.], rotum, [Kāvya literature]),
—to roar, bellow, howl, yelp, cry aloud, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.;
—to make any noise or sound, sing (as birds), hum (as bees), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.;
— (rauti) to praise, [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska iii, 14] :—[Causal] rāvayati ([Aorist] arūruvat with the sense of the [Intensive] [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]; or arīravat, [Pāṇini 7-4, 80 [Scholiast or Commentator]]),
—to cause to bellow or roar, cause an uproar, [Āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc. :—[Desiderative] of [Causal] rirāvayiṣati [grammar] :—[Desiderative] rurūṣati, [ib.] :—[Intensive] ([Vedic or Veda]) roravīti (p. roruvat and roruvāṇa) or ([Epic]) rorūyate, ti or ([grammar]) roroti. to bellow or roar etc. loudly, scream aloud, vociferate.
2) cf. [Greek] ὠρύομαι; [Latin] raucus; [Anglo-Saxon] rŷn.
3) 2. ru m. (only [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]) sound, noise
4) fear, alarm
5) war, battle.
6) 3. ru [class] 1. [Ātmanepada] ([Dhātupāṭha xxii, 63]) ravate (only rāviṣam, [Ṛg-veda x, 86, 5]; ruruviṣe, araviṣṭa aroṣṭa, [Vopadeva])
—to break or dash to pieces, [Ṛg-veda] ([Dhātupāṭha] also ‘to go; to kill; to be angry; to speak’) :—[Intensive] (only p. roruvat) to break, shatter, [Ṛg-veda i, 54, 1; 5.]
7) 4. ru m. cutting, dividing, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
1) Ru (रु):—(la) rauti 2. a. To sound. (ṅa) ravata 1. d. To go; hurt; speak.
2) (ruḥ) 1. m. War; noise. f. Alarm.
Ru (रु):—
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Ru (रु):—2. (= 1. ru) m. Laut [EKĀKṢARAK. im Śabdakalpadruma] fear, alarm; war, battle [WILSON] nach [ŚABDĀRTHAK.]
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Ru (रु):—
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Ru (रु):—4. (= 3. ru) m. cutting, dividing [WILSON] nach [ŚABDĀRTHAK.]
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Ru (रु):—1. mit pra laut brüllen u.s.w. [Ṛgveda 10, 94, 3.]
Ru (रु):—1. , ruvati rauti ( arcatikarman) , ravati (buddh.). ravīti ; auch Med. ( ravasva [Āpastamba’s Śrautasūtra 7,17,2]) ; Partic. ruvant , ausnahmsweise auch ravant , ravamāṇa und ravāṇa. —
1) brüllen , heulen , laut schreien , toben , quaken , summen , dröhnen. —
2) ruta erklingend vom Geschrei u.s.w. von. — Caus. rāvayati —
1) brüllen lassen , zum Schreien bringen. —
2) rāvita erklingen gemacht durch das Geschrei u.s.w. von. —
3) arūruvan in der Bed. des Intens. [Bhāgavatapurāṇa] — *Desid. rurūṣati. — *Desid. vom Caus. rirāvayiṣati. — Intens. ( roravīti , roruhi , rorūyate , ti , Partic. rorūvat) heftig brüllen , — schreien , — tosen , — dröhnen. — Mit anu —
1) Jmds (Acc.) Geschrei u.s.w. nachahmen. —
2) Jmds (Acc.) Geschrei u.s.w. erwiedern , losbrüllen auf [Āpastamba’s Śrautasūtra 7,17,2.] —
3) anuruta erklingend vom Geschrei u.s.w. von. — Mit abhi —
1) anbrüllen , anheulen , anschreien. —
2) abhiruta erklingend vom Geschrei (auch mit Hinzufügung von śabda u.s.w.) u.s.w. von. — Mit ā —
1) her- , hinbrüllen , -dröhnen , aufschreien. —
2) anbrüllen. — Intens. anbrüllen. — Mit upa in uparava und uparāva. — Mit pra laut brüllen. — Mit prati Jmds (Acc.) Geschrei erwiedern. ruta mit pass. Bed. — Mit vi —
1) heulen , laut schreien , summen , klingen , knarren. —
2) anschreien , anrufen. viruta mit pass. Bed. —
3) viruta erklingend vom Geschrei u.s.w. von (Instr. oder im Comp. vorangehend). — Caus. —
1) laut schreien. —
2) ertönen machen. Nur virāvita in pass. Bed. — Mit sam gemeinschaftlich schreien.
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Ru (रु):—2. m. —
1) Laut. —
2) fear , alarm. —
3) war , battle.
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Ru (रु):—3. zuschlagen , zerschmettern. Zu belegen nur rāviṣam ([Ṛgveda (roth). ]) und ruta. Nach dem [Dhātupāṭha] hat ravate die Bedeutungen reṣaṇa ( roṣaṇa , vadha) , gati und bhāṣaṇa. — Intens. ( roruvat) dass.
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Ru (रु):—4. m. cutting , dividing.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Rū (रू):—(nm) face, countenance, frontage; ~[pośa] veiled; an absconder; ~[pośī] veiling one’s face; absconding; -[ba-rū] face to face; in the presence of; -[riyāyata] consideration; concession; leniency.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Rū (ರೂ):—
1) [noun] a learning by heart (as to keep the things so learnt accurately in memory).
2) [noun] ರೂಹಾಕು [ruhaku] rū hāku to learn ( a poem, passage, set of facts etc.) by heart so that it can be recollected or reproduced accurately from memory; to commit to one’s memory.
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Rū (ರೂ):—[noun] an abbreviated form of ರುಪಾಯಿ [rupayi] (rupee, the Indian monetary unit); Re.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Ru (ரு) . The compound of ர் [r] and உ. [u.]
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Rū (ரூ) . The compound of ர் [r] + ஊ. [u.]
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Ṟu (று) . The compound of ற் [r] and உ. [u.]
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Ṟū (றூ) . The compound of ற் [r] and ஊ. [u.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
入 [rù] [ru]—
Verb.
To have sexual relations (發生性關係 [fa sheng xing guan xi]).
Water Margin (水滸傳 [shui hu chuan]), Chapter 51: "That old woman (婆婆 [po po]) was furious (那裡有好氣 [na li you hao qi]), and pointing, cursed (罵道 [ma dao]): 'You... you cheap bitch (賤母狗 [jian mu gou]) entered by random people (亂人的 [luan ren de])! Why are you cursing (罵 [ma]) me instead!'"
入：[動]
發生性關係。《水滸傳》第五一回：「那婆婆那裡有好氣，便指著罵道：『你這……亂人入的賤母狗！做什麼倒罵我！』」
rù:[dòng]
fā shēng xìng guān xì. < shuǐ hǔ chuán> dì wǔ yī huí: “nà pó pó nà lǐ yǒu hǎo qì, biàn zhǐ zhe mà dào: ‘nǐ zhè……luàn rén rù de jiàn mǔ gǒu! zuò shén me dào mà wǒ! ’ ”
ru:[dong]
fa sheng xing guan xi. < shui hu chuan> di wu yi hui: "na po po na li you hao qi, bian zhi zhe ma dao: 'ni zhe......luan ren ru de jian mu gou! zuo shen me dao ma wo! ' "
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
侞 [rú] [ru]—
(verb) To make even (使平均 [shi ping jun]). From Jiyun (《集韻 [ji yun]》), Ping Sheng (平聲 [ping sheng]), Yu Yun (魚韻 [yu yun]): ", is even (均也 [jun ye])."
侞：[動]
使平均。《集韻．平聲．魚韻》：「侞，均也。」
rú:[dòng]
shǐ píng jūn. < jí yùn． píng shēng． yú yùn>: “rú, jūn yě.”
ru:[dong]
shi ping jun. < ji yun. ping sheng. yu yun>: "ru, jun ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
茹 [rú] [ru]—
Verb
1. To eat, to chew, to swallow. 《孟子 [meng zi]．盡心下 [jin xin xia]》 (Mencius, Jinxin II): "舜之飯糗草也 [shun zhi fan qiu cao ye]，若將終身焉 [ruo jiang zhong shen yan]。" (Shun's eating coarse grain and chewing on herbs was as if he would do so for his whole life.) 《禮記 [li ji]．禮運 [li yun]》 (Book of Rites, Liyun): "未有火化 [wei you huo hua]，食草木之實 [shi cao mu zhi shi]，鳥獸之肉 [niao shou zhi rou]，飲其血 [yin qi xue]，其毛 [qi mao]。" (Before there was cooking by fire, they ate the fruits of plants, the meat of birds and beasts, drank their blood, and swallowed their fur.)
2. To bear, to contain. For example: 含辛苦 [han xin ku] (to bear hardships and suffer bitterness). 《詩經 [shi jing]．大雅 [da ya]．烝民 [zheng min]》 (Classic of Poetry, Daya, Zhengmin): "柔亦不 [rou yi bu]，剛亦不吐 [gang yi bu tu]。" (The gentle do not swallow, nor do the strong spit out.) 北齊 [bei qi]．顏之推 [yan zhi tui]《顏氏家訓 [yan shi jia xun]．文章 [wen zhang]》 (Northern Qi, Yan Zhitui, Yanshi Jiaxun, Wenzhang): "銜酷恨 [xian ku hen]，徹於心髓 [che yu xin sui]。" (Bearing cruelty and containing hatred, penetrating to the very marrow of the heart.)
3. To speculate, to measure. 《詩經 [shi jing]．邶風 [bei feng]．柏舟 [bai zhou]》 (Classic of Poetry, Beifeng, Baizhou): "我心匪鑒 [wo xin fei jian]，不可以 [bu ke yi]。" (My heart is not a mirror, it cannot be measured.)
Adjective
1. Soft, weak. 《楚辭 [chu ci]．屈原 [qu yuan]．離騷 [li sao]》 (Chu Ci, Qu Yuan, Lisao): "攬蕙以掩涕兮 [lan hui yi yan ti xi]，霑余襟之浪浪 [zhan yu jin zhi lang lang]。" (Grasping soft fragrant thoroughwort to wipe away tears, my lapels were drenched.) 《韓非子 [han fei zi]．亡徵 [wang zheng]》 (Han Feizi, Wangzheng): "緩心而無成 [huan xin er wu cheng]，柔而寡斷 [rou er gua duan]，好惡無決 [hao e wu jue]，而無所定立者 [er wu suo ding li zhe]，可亡也 [ke wang ye]。" (Those who are slow-hearted and achieve nothing, soft and indecisive, irresolute in their likes and dislikes, and have no fixed stance, can be destroyed.)
2. Rotten, stinky. 《呂氏春秋 [lu shi chun qiu]．仲春紀 [zhong chun ji]．功名 [gong ming]》 (Lüshi Chunqiu, Zhongchun Ji, Gongming): "以魚去蠅 [yi yu qu ying]，蠅愈至 [ying yu zhi]。" (Using rotten fish to drive away flies only attracts more flies.)
Noun
1. A general term for vegetables. 《文選 [wen xuan]．枚乘 [mei cheng]．七發 [qi fa]》 (Wenxuan, Mei Cheng, Qifa): "秋黃之蘇 [qiu huang zhi su]，白露之 [bai lu zhi]。" (Autumn yellow perilla, white dew vegetables.) 《後漢書 [hou han shu]．卷六六 [juan liu liu]．陳蕃傳 [chen fan chuan]》 (Book of Later Han, Vol. 66, Biography of Chen Fan): "又青 [you qing]、徐炎旱 [xu yan han]，五穀損傷 [wu gu sun shang]，民物流遷 [min wu liu qian]，菽不足 [shu bu zu]。" (Furthermore, Qing and Xu suffered from severe drought, the five grains were damaged, people migrated, and there was insufficient supply of vegetables and beans.)
2. A surname. For example, there was 棻 [fen] (Ru Fen) during the 清代 [qing dai] (Qing Dynasty).
茹：[動]
1.吃、咀嚼、吞嚥。《孟子．盡心下》：「舜之飯糗茹草也，若將終身焉。」《禮記．禮運》：「未有火化，食草木之實，鳥獸之肉，飲其血，茹其毛。」
2.受、含。如：「含辛茹苦」。《詩經．大雅．烝民》：「柔亦不茹，剛亦不吐。」北齊．顏之推《顏氏家訓．文章》：「銜酷茹恨，徹於心髓。」
3.揣測、度量。《詩經．邶風．柏舟》：「我心匪鑒，不可以茹。」
[形]
1.柔軟、軟弱。《楚辭．屈原．離騷》：「攬茹蕙以掩涕兮，霑余襟之浪浪。」《韓非子．亡徵》：「緩心而無成，柔茹而寡斷，好惡無決，而無所定立者，可亡也。」
2.腐敗、臭敗的。《呂氏春秋．仲春紀．功名》：「以茹魚去蠅，蠅愈至。」
[名]
1.蔬菜的總稱。《文選．枚乘．七發》：「秋黃之蘇，白露之茹。」《後漢書．卷六六．陳蕃傳》：「又青、徐炎旱，五穀損傷，民物流遷，茹菽不足。」
2.姓。如清代有茹棻。
rú:[dòng]
1. chī,, jǔ jué,, tūn yàn. < mèng zi． jǐn xīn xià>: “shùn zhī fàn qiǔ rú cǎo yě, ruò jiāng zhōng shēn yān.” < lǐ jì． lǐ yùn>: “wèi yǒu huǒ huà, shí cǎo mù zhī shí, niǎo shòu zhī ròu, yǐn qí xuè, rú qí máo.”
2. shòu,, hán. rú: “hán xīn rú kǔ” . < shī jīng． dà yǎ． zhēng mín>: “róu yì bù rú, gāng yì bù tǔ.” běi qí． yán zhī tuī < yán shì jiā xùn． wén zhāng>: “xián kù rú hèn, chè yú xīn suǐ.”
3. chuāi cè,, dù liàng. < shī jīng． bèi fēng． bǎi zhōu>: “wǒ xīn fěi jiàn, bù kě yǐ rú.”
[xíng]
1. róu ruǎn,, ruǎn ruò. < chǔ cí． qū yuán． lí sāo>: “lǎn rú huì yǐ yǎn tì xī, zhān yú jīn zhī làng làng.” < hán fēi zi． wáng zhēng>: “huǎn xīn ér wú chéng, róu rú ér guǎ duàn, hǎo è wú jué, ér wú suǒ dìng lì zhě, kě wáng yě.”
2. fǔ bài,, chòu bài de. < lǚ shì chūn qiū． zhòng chūn jì． gōng míng>: “yǐ rú yú qù yíng, yíng yù zhì.”
[míng]
1. shū cài de zǒng chēng. < wén xuǎn． méi chéng． qī fā>: “qiū huáng zhī sū, bái lù zhī rú.” < hòu hàn shū． juǎn liù liù． chén fān chuán>: “yòu qīng,, xú yán hàn, wǔ gǔ sǔn shāng, mín wù liú qiān, rú shū bù zú.”
2. xìng. rú qīng dài yǒu rú fēn.
ru:[dong]
1. chi,, ju jue,, tun yan. < meng zi. jin xin xia>: "shun zhi fan qiu ru cao ye, ruo jiang zhong shen yan." < li ji. li yun>: "wei you huo hua, shi cao mu zhi shi, niao shou zhi rou, yin qi xue, ru qi mao."
2. shou,, han. ru: "han xin ru ku" . < shi jing. da ya. zheng min>: "rou yi bu ru, gang yi bu tu." bei qi. yan zhi tui < yan shi jia xun. wen zhang>: "xian ku ru hen, che yu xin sui."
3. chuai ce,, du liang. < shi jing. bei feng. bai zhou>: "wo xin fei jian, bu ke yi ru."
[xing]
1. rou ruan,, ruan ruo. < chu ci. qu yuan. li sao>: "lan ru hui yi yan ti xi, zhan yu jin zhi lang lang." < han fei zi. wang zheng>: "huan xin er wu cheng, rou ru er gua duan, hao e wu jue, er wu suo ding li zhe, ke wang ye."
2. fu bai,, chou bai de. < lu shi chun qiu. zhong chun ji. gong ming>: "yi ru yu qu ying, ying yu zhi."
[ming]
1. shu cai de zong cheng. < wen xuan. mei cheng. qi fa>: "qiu huang zhi su, bai lu zhi ru." < hou han shu. juan liu liu. chen fan chuan>: "you qing,, xu yan han, wu gu sun shang, min wu liu qian, ru shu bu zu."
2. xing. ru qing dai you ru fen.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
儒 [rú] [ru]—
[Noun]
1. A 術士 [shu shi] (shùshì), in ancient times referring to a person with certain special skills or knowledge.
《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]．人部 [ren bu]》 (Shuowen Jiezi - Ren Bu): "(rú), the appellation for a 術士 [shu shi] (shùshì)."
《周禮 [zhou li]．天官 [tian guan]．大宰 [da zai]》 (Zhou Li - Tianguan - Da Zai): "Fourth is (rú), who gains the people through the Way." Han Dynasty, 鄭玄 [zheng xuan] (Zheng Xuan)'s commentary: "(rú), a guardian of a feudal lord who possesses the 六藝 [liu yi] (Six Arts) to teach the people."
2. A 學者 [xue zhe] (xuézhě) (scholar) or 讀書人 [du shu ren] (dúshūrén) (literate person).
E.g., "博學鴻 [bo xue hong](bóxué hóngrú)" (a learned and eminent scholar).
《紅樓夢 [hong lou meng]》 (Dream of the Red Chamber), Chapter 1: "Suddenly, I saw a poor (rú) residing in the 葫蘆廟 [hu lu miao] (Gourd Temple) next door."
3. The 思想學派 [si xiang xue pai] (school of thought) founded by 孔子 [kong zi] (Confucius).
《孟子 [meng zi]．盡心下 [jin xin xia]》 (Mencius - Jin Xin Xia): "Those who flee from 墨 [mo] (Mohism) will certainly return to 楊 [yang] (Yangism), and those who flee from Yangism will certainly return to (Confucianism)."
《史記 [shi ji]．卷一三 [juan yi san]○．太史公自序 [tai shi gong zi xu]》 (Records of the Grand Historian - Volume 130 - Taishigong Zixu): "Indeed, the 陰陽 [yin yang] (Yin-Yang), (Confucianism), 墨 [mo] (Mohism), 名 [ming] (School of Names), 法 [fa] (Legalism), and 道德 [dao de] (Daoism) schools are all dedicated to governance; they merely differ in their approaches and whether they are insightful or not."
4. See the entry for "侏 [zhu](zhūrú)" (dwarf).
[Adjective]
懦弱畏事 [nuo ruo wei shi] (nuòruò wèishì) (cowardly and timid). Interchangeable with 懦 [nuo] (nuò).
《魏書 [wei shu]．卷八八 [juan ba ba]．良吏傳 [liang li chuan]．序 [xu]》 (Wei Shu - Volume 88 - Liang Li Zhuan - Xu): "Therefore, those who fight and become marquises rise without delay; those who are 弱 [ruo] (rúruò) (weak and timid) incur blame and are not employed in time."
儒：[名]
1.術士，古代指有某種特殊技能或知識的人。《說文解字．人部》：「儒，術士之偁。」《周禮．天官．大宰》：「四曰儒，以道得民。」漢．鄭玄．注：「儒，諸侯保氏有六藝以教民者。」
2.學者、讀書人。如：「博學鴻儒」。《紅樓夢》第一回：「忽見隔壁葫蘆廟內寄居一個窮儒。」
3.孔子所創的思想學派。《孟子．盡心下》：「逃墨必歸於楊，逃楊必歸於儒。」《史記．卷一三○．太史公自序》：「夫陰陽、儒、墨、名、法、道德，此務為治者也，直所從言之異路，有省不省耳。」
4.參見「侏儒」條。
[形]
懦弱畏事。通「懦」。《魏書．卷八八．良吏傳．序》：「是故搏擊為侯，起不旋踵；儒弱貽咎，錄用無時。」
rú:[míng]
1. shù shì, gǔ dài zhǐ yǒu mǒu zhǒng tè shū jì néng huò zhī shí de rén. < shuō wén jiě zì． rén bù>: “rú, shù shì zhī chēng.” < zhōu lǐ． tiān guān． dà zǎi>: “sì yuē rú, yǐ dào dé mín.” hàn． zhèng xuán． zhù: “rú, zhū hóu bǎo shì yǒu liù yì yǐ jiào mín zhě.”
2. xué zhě,, dú shū rén. rú: “bó xué hóng rú” . < hóng lóu mèng> dì yī huí: “hū jiàn gé bì hú lú miào nèi jì jū yī gè qióng rú.”
3. kǒng zi suǒ chuàng de sī xiǎng xué pài. < mèng zi． jǐn xīn xià>: “táo mò bì guī yú yáng, táo yáng bì guī yú rú.” < shǐ jì． juǎn yī sān○． tài shǐ gōng zì xù>: “fū yīn yáng,, rú,, mò,, míng,, fǎ,, dào dé, cǐ wù wèi zhì zhě yě, zhí suǒ cóng yán zhī yì lù, yǒu shěng bù shěng ěr.”
4. cān jiàn “zhū rú” tiáo.
[xíng]
nuò ruò wèi shì. tōng “nuò” . < wèi shū． juǎn bā bā． liáng lì chuán． xù>: “shì gù bó jī wèi hóu, qǐ bù xuán zhǒng； rú ruò yí jiù, lù yòng wú shí.”
ru:[ming]
1. shu shi, gu dai zhi you mou zhong te shu ji neng huo zhi shi de ren. < shuo wen jie zi. ren bu>: "ru, shu shi zhi cheng." < zhou li. tian guan. da zai>: "si yue ru, yi dao de min." han. zheng xuan. zhu: "ru, zhu hou bao shi you liu yi yi jiao min zhe."
2. xue zhe,, du shu ren. ru: "bo xue hong ru" . < hong lou meng> di yi hui: "hu jian ge bi hu lu miao nei ji ju yi ge qiong ru."
3. kong zi suo chuang de si xiang xue pai. < meng zi. jin xin xia>: "tao mo bi gui yu yang, tao yang bi gui yu ru." < shi ji. juan yi san○. tai shi gong zi xu>: "fu yin yang,, ru,, mo,, ming,, fa,, dao de, ci wu wei zhi zhe ye, zhi suo cong yan zhi yi lu, you sheng bu sheng er."
4. can jian "zhu ru" tiao.
[xing]
nuo ruo wei shi. tong "nuo" . < wei shu. juan ba ba. liang li chuan. xu>: "shi gu bo ji wei hou, qi bu xuan zhong; ru ruo yi jiu, lu yong wu shi."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
嬬 [rú] [ru]—
Noun.
A concubine; a mistress (小妾 [xiao qie]).
In "Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]). Female (女 [nu]) Radical Department (女部 [nu bu])": "(rú), is a lower wife (下妻也 [xia qi ye])." Qing (清 [qing]) Dynasty scholar Duan Yucai (段玉裁 [duan yu cai]) noted (注 [zhu]): "A lower wife (下妻 [xia qi]) is like a small wife (小妻也 [xiao qi ye])." In Zhang Taiyan's (章太炎 [zhang tai yan]) "New Dialects (新方言 [xin fang yan]). Explanation of Kinship Terms (釋親屬 [shi qin shu])" (Republic of China (民國 [min guo]) period): "Guangzhou (廣州 [guang zhou]) calls a concubine (妾 [qie]) (rú)."
嬬：[名]
小妾。《說文解字．女部》：「嬬，下妻也。」清．段玉裁．注：「下妻，猶小妻也。」民國．章太炎《新方言．釋親屬》：「廣州謂妾曰嬬。」
rú:[míng]
xiǎo qiè. < shuō wén jiě zì． nǚ bù>: “rú, xià qī yě.” qīng． duàn yù cái． zhù: “xià qī, yóu xiǎo qī yě.” mín guó． zhāng tài yán < xīn fāng yán． shì qīn shǔ>: “guǎng zhōu wèi qiè yuē rú.”
ru:[ming]
xiao qie. < shuo wen jie zi. nu bu>: "ru, xia qi ye." qing. duan yu cai. zhu: "xia qi, you xiao qi ye." min guo. zhang tai yan < xin fang yan. shi qin shu>: "guang zhou wei qie yue ru."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
孺 [rú] [ru]—
Noun (名 [ming])
1. Young child (幼童 [you tong]), child (小孩 [xiao hai]). In Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]), Zǐ radical section (子部 [zi bu]): "Rú means a suckling child (乳子 [ru zi])." For example: háirú (孩 [hai]) and tóngrú (童 [tong]).
2. See also the entry for rúrén (人 [ren]).
3. A surname (姓 [xing]). For example, Rú Bēi (悲 [bei]) existed in the State of Lu (魯國 [lu guo]) during the Spring and Autumn period (春秋時 [chun qiu shi]).
Verb (動 [dong])
To be close to and admire (親慕 [qin mu]), to be affectionate towards each other (相親 [xiang qin]). For example: rùmù (慕 [mu]). In Classic of Poetry (詩經 [shi jing]), Lesser Odes (小雅 [xiao ya]), "Cháng Dì" (常棣 [chang di]): "When brothers (兄弟 [xiong di]) are together (既具 [ji ju]), they are harmonious (和樂 [he le]) and affectionate." Kong Yingda's (孔穎達 [kong ying da]) Commentary (正義 [zheng yi]) from the Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]) states: "Harmonious and extremely joyful (忻樂 [xin le]), and moreover, blood relatives (骨肉 [gu rou]) are affectionate towards each other (相親屬 [xiang qin shu])."
Adjective (形 [xing])
Young (幼小 [you xiao]), immature (稚幼 [zhi you]). In Mencius (孟子 [meng zi]), "Gongsun Chou I" (公孫丑上 [gong sun chou shang]): "Now, if people (人 [ren]) suddenly see a child (子 [zi]) about to fall into a well (井 [jing]), they all have a feeling of alarm and compassion (怵惕惻隱之心 [chu ti ce yin zhi xin])." In Taiping Guangji (太平廣記 [tai ping guang ji]), Volume 320 (卷三二 [juan san er]○), "Liu Daoxi" (劉道錫 [liu dao xi]): "On the mulberry tree (桑樹 [sang shu]) at the east end of the hall (廳事 [ting shi]), there was a ghost (鬼 [gui]); its form (形 [xing]) was still young (尚 [shang]), and if it grew (長 [zhang]), it would surely harm people (害人 [hai ren])."
孺：[名]
1.幼童、小孩。《說文解字．子部》：「孺，乳子也。」如：「孩孺」、「童孺」。
2.參見「孺人」條。
3.姓。如春秋時魯國有孺悲。
[動]
親慕、相親。如：「孺慕」。《詩經．小雅．常棣》：「兄弟既具，和樂且孺。」唐．孔穎達．正義：「和而甚忻樂，且復骨肉相親屬也。」
[形]
幼小、稚幼。《孟子．公孫丑上》：「今人乍見孺子將入於井，皆有怵惕惻隱之心。」《太平廣記．卷三二○．劉道錫》：「廳事東頭桑樹上，有鬼，形尚孺，長必害人。」
rú:[míng]
1. yòu tóng,, xiǎo hái. < shuō wén jiě zì． zi bù>: “rú, rǔ zi yě.” rú: “hái rú” ,, “tóng rú” .
2. cān jiàn “rú rén” tiáo.
3. xìng. rú chūn qiū shí lǔ guó yǒu rú bēi.
[dòng]
qīn mù,, xiāng qīn. rú: “rú mù” . < shī jīng． xiǎo yǎ． cháng dì>: “xiōng dì jì jù, hé lè qiě rú.” táng． kǒng yǐng dá． zhèng yì: “hé ér shén xīn lè, qiě fù gǔ ròu xiāng qīn shǔ yě.”
[xíng]
yòu xiǎo,, zhì yòu. < mèng zi． gōng sūn chǒu shàng>: “jīn rén zhà jiàn rú zi jiāng rù yú jǐng, jiē yǒu chù tì cè yǐn zhī xīn.” < tài píng guǎng jì． juǎn sān èr○． liú dào xī>: “tīng shì dōng tóu sāng shù shàng, yǒu guǐ, xíng shàng rú, zhǎng bì hài rén.”
ru:[ming]
1. you tong,, xiao hai. < shuo wen jie zi. zi bu>: "ru, ru zi ye." ru: "hai ru" ,, "tong ru" .
2. can jian "ru ren" tiao.
3. xing. ru chun qiu shi lu guo you ru bei.
[dong]
qin mu,, xiang qin. ru: "ru mu" . < shi jing. xiao ya. chang di>: "xiong di ji ju, he le qie ru." tang. kong ying da. zheng yi: "he er shen xin le, qie fu gu rou xiang qin shu ye."
[xing]
you xiao,, zhi you. < meng zi. gong sun chou shang>: "jin ren zha jian ru zi jiang ru yu jing, jie you chu ti ce yin zhi xin." < tai ping guang ji. juan san er○. liu dao xi>: "ting shi dong tou sang shu shang, you gui, xing shang ru, zhang bi hai ren."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
薷 [rú] [ru]—
1. Wood ear mushroom (木耳 [mu er]). From "集韻 [ji yun] (Jíyùn) · 平聲 [ping sheng] (Píngshēng) · 虞韻 [yu yun] (Yúyùn)": "(rú), 木耳 [mu er] (mù'ěr)."
2. See also the entry for 香 [xiang](xiāngrú).
薷：[名]
1.木耳。《集韻．平聲．虞韻》：「薷，木耳。」
2.參見「香薷」條。
rú:[míng]
1. mù ěr. < jí yùn． píng shēng． yú yùn>: “rú, mù ěr.”
2. cān jiàn “xiāng rú” tiáo.
ru:[ming]
1. mu er. < ji yun. ping sheng. yu yun>: "ru, mu er."
2. can jian "xiang ru" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
襦 [rú] [ru]—
1. A short jacket (短襖 [duan ao]). From Zuo Zhuan (左傳 [zuo chuan]), Year 25 of Duke Zhao (昭公二十五年 [zhao gong er shi wu nian]): "The mynahs (鴝鵒 [qu yu]) chirp (跦跦 [zhu zhu]), the Duke is in Ganhou (乾侯 [gan hou]), seeking a skirt (褰 [qian]) and a jacket." From Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]) poet Du Fu's (杜甫 [du fu]) "New Wedding Separation" (新婚別 [xin hun bie]): "The silk jacket (羅 [luo]) is no longer worn, facing you, I wash off my bridal makeup (紅妝 [hong zhuang])."
2. A bib (圍兜 [wei dou]) for infants (幼兒 [you er]). From Tang Dynasty (唐 [tang]) poet Bai Juyi's (白居易 [bai ju yi]) "A Cui" (阿崔 [a cui]): "Smoothly shaved new baby hair (膩剃新胎髮 [ni ti xin tai fa]), fragrant wrap (香繃 [xiang beng]) for the small embroidered bib/garment (小繡 [xiao xiu])."
3. A fine, dense net (細密羅網 [xi mi luo wang]) used for capturing birds and beasts (禽獸 [qin shou]). From Rites of Zhou (周禮 [zhou li]), Summer Officers (夏官 [xia guan]), Net Master (羅氏 [luo shi]): "The Net Master (羅氏 [luo shi]) is in charge of netting (羅 [luo]) crows and birds (烏鳥 [wu niao]), and for the winter sacrifice (蜡 [la]) they make a fine net/net-like garment (羅 [luo])." Han Dynasty (漢 [han]) scholar Zheng Xuan's (鄭玄 [zheng xuan]) commentary (注 [zhu]) states: "means a fine, dense net (細密之羅 [xi mi zhi luo])."
襦：[名]
1.短襖。《左傳．昭公二十五年》：「鴝鵒跦跦，公在乾侯，徵褰與襦。」唐．杜甫〈新婚別〉詩：「羅襦不復施，對君洗紅妝。」
2.幼兒用的圍兜。唐．白居易〈阿崔〉詩：「膩剃新胎髮，香繃小繡襦。」
3.捕捉禽獸用的細密羅網。《周禮．夏官．羅氏》：「羅氏掌羅烏鳥，蜡則作羅襦。」漢．鄭玄．注：「襦，細密之羅。」
rú:[míng]
1. duǎn ǎo. < zuǒ chuán． zhāo gōng èr shí wǔ nián>: “qú yù zhū zhū, gōng zài gān hóu, zhēng qiān yǔ rú.” táng． dù fǔ 〈xīn hūn bié〉 shī: “luó rú bù fù shī, duì jūn xǐ hóng zhuāng.”
2. yòu ér yòng de wéi dōu. táng． bái jū yì 〈ā cuī〉 shī: “nì tì xīn tāi fà, xiāng běng xiǎo xiù rú.”
3. bǔ zhuō qín shòu yòng de xì mì luó wǎng. < zhōu lǐ． xià guān． luó shì>: “luó shì zhǎng luó wū niǎo, là zé zuò luó rú.” hàn． zhèng xuán． zhù: “rú, xì mì zhī luó.”
ru:[ming]
1. duan ao. < zuo chuan. zhao gong er shi wu nian>: "qu yu zhu zhu, gong zai gan hou, zheng qian yu ru." tang. du fu
2. you er yong de wei dou. tang. bai ju yi shi: "ni ti xin tai fa, xiang beng xiao xiu ru."
3. bu zhuo qin shou yong de xi mi luo wang. < zhou li. xia guan. luo shi>: "luo shi zhang luo wu niao, la ze zuo luo ru." han. zheng xuan. zhu: "ru, xi mi zhi luo."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
蠕 [rú] [ru]—
Another sound/pronunciation (音 [yin]) of 一 [yi] (yī).
蠕：(一)之又音。
rú:(yī) zhī yòu yīn.
ru:(yi) zhi you yin.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
醹 [rú] [ru]—
Noun
Mellow wine (醇酒 [chun jiu]).
In "Shuowen Jiezi" (《說文解字 [shuo wen jie zi]》), "You" radical (酉部 [you bu]): "(rú), thick wine (厚酒 [hou jiu])."
In "Book of Odes" (《詩經 [shi jing]》), "Major Odes" (大雅 [da ya]), "Xingwei" (行葦 [xing wei]): "The great-grandson (曾孫 [ceng sun]) is the host (主 [zhu]), the wine (酒𥽈 [jiu feng]) is strong."
Tang (唐 [tang]) Dynasty, Kong Yingda's (孔穎達 [kong ying da]) "Correct Meaning" (正義 [zheng yi]): "(rú), thick (厚 [hou]), refers to wine (酒 [jiu]) that is mellow (醇者 [chun zhe])."
醹：[名]
醇酒。《說文解字．酉部》：「醹，厚酒也。」《詩經．大雅．行葦》：「曾孫維主，酒𥽈維醹。」唐．孔穎達．正義：「醹，厚，謂酒之醇者。」
rú:[míng]
chún jiǔ. < shuō wén jiě zì． yǒu bù>: “rú, hòu jiǔ yě.” < shī jīng． dà yǎ． xíng wěi>: “céng sūn wéi zhǔ, jiǔ fēng wéi rú.” táng． kǒng yǐng dá． zhèng yì: “rú, hòu, wèi jiǔ zhī chún zhě.”
ru:[ming]
chun jiu. < shuo wen jie zi. you bu>: "ru, hou jiu ye." < shi jing. da ya. xing wei>: "ceng sun wei zhu, jiu feng wei ru." tang. kong ying da. zheng yi: "ru, hou, wei jiu zhi chun zhe."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
䰰 [rú] [ru]—
See the entry for ''.
䰰：參見「䰰䰰」條。
rú: cān jiàn “rú rú” tiáo.
ru: can jian "ru ru" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
汝 [rǔ] [ru]—
[Pronoun]
You. From Shujing (書經 [shu jing]), Yao Dian (堯典 [yao dian]): "If you can fulfill my command, I will cede my throne to you." From Song Dynasty (宋 [song]) Lu You's (陸游 [lu you]) poem "Battle South of the City" (戰城南 [zhan cheng nan]): "The imperial decree grants you immunity from death, why then do your legs tremble and sweat pour down like a wash?"
[Noun]
1. See the entry for "水 [shui]" (Rǔ Shuǐ).
2. A surname. For example, in the Ming Dynasty (明代 [ming dai]), there was 訥 [ne] (Rǔ Nà).
汝：[代]
你。《書經．堯典》：「汝能庸命，巽朕位。」宋．陸游〈戰城南〉詩：「詔書許汝以不死，股栗何為汗如洗！」
[名]
1.參見「汝水」條。
2.姓。如明代有汝訥。
rǔ:[dài]
nǐ. < shū jīng． yáo diǎn>: “rǔ néng yōng mìng, xùn zhèn wèi.” sòng． lù yóu 〈zhàn chéng nán〉 shī: “zhào shū xǔ rǔ yǐ bù sǐ, gǔ lì hé wèi hàn rú xǐ! ”
[míng]
1. cān jiàn “rǔ shuǐ” tiáo.
2. xìng. rú míng dài yǒu rǔ nè.
ru:[dai]
ni. < shu jing. yao dian>: "ru neng yong ming, xun zhen wei." song. lu you
[ming]
1. can jian "ru shui" tiao.
2. xing. ru ming dai you ru ne.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
辱 [rǔ] [ru]—
Another pronunciation (又音 [you yin]) of 一 [yi] (yī).
辱：(一)之又音。
rǔ:(yī) zhī yòu yīn.
ru:(yi) zhi you yin.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
入 [rù] [ru]—
[Verb]
1. To enter, to go from outside to inside. For example: "內 [nei]" (rùnèi), "場 [chang]" (rùchǎng), "境 [jing]" (rùjìng).
2. To take in, to receive. For example: "收 [shou]" (shōurù), "月十萬 [yue shi wan]" (yuèrù shíwàn). "《史記 [shi ji]．卷七五 [juan qi wu]．孟嘗君傳 [meng chang jun chuan]》" (Shǐjì, Juǎn Qīwǔ, Mèngchángjūn Zhuàn): "歲餘不 [sui yu bu]，貨錢者多不能與其息 [huo qian zhe duo bu neng yu qi xi]，客奉將不給 [ke feng jiang bu gei]。" (For more than a year, no money came in, and many lenders could not pay their interest, and the guests' stipends were about to be insufficient.)
3. To accept, to pay. "《國語 [guo yu]．吳語 [wu yu]》" (Guóyǔ, Wúyǔ): "昔楚靈王不君 [xi chu ling wang bu jun]，其臣箴諫以不 [qi chen zhen jian yi bu]。" (In the past, King Ling of Chu was not a good ruler, and his ministers admonished him, but he did not accept their advice.) "《金瓶梅 [jin ping mei]》" (Jīnpíngméi) Chapter 17: "到明日他蓋這房子 [dao ming ri ta gai zhe fang zi]，多是官抄沒的數兒 [duo shi guan chao mei de shu er]。" (By tomorrow, the houses he builds will mostly be confiscated by the government.)
4. To join, to participate. For example: "會 [hui]" (rùhuì), "股 [gu]" (rùgǔ), "學 [xue]" (rùxué), "伍 [wu]" (rùwǔ).
5. To arrive, to reach. For example: "夜 [ye]" (rùyè), "冬 [dong]" (rùdōng).
6. To sink, to set. For example: "日出而作 [ri chu er zuo]，日而息 [ri er xi]。" (Rìchū ér zuò, rìrù ér xī - Work at sunrise, rest at sunset.)
7. To be suitable, to fit. For example: "時 [shi]" (rùshí), "情理 [qing li]" (rùqíngrùlǐ).
8. To be immersed, to penetrate deeply. For example: "味 [wei]" (rùwèi), "骨 [gu]" (rùgǔ), "迷 [mi]" (rùmí).
[Noun]
1. One of the four tones: level, rising, falling, and entering. See the entry for "聲 [sheng]" (rùshēng).
2. One of the 214 radicals.
入：[動]
1.進，由外面到裡面。如：「入內」、「入場」、「入境」。
2.收進。如：「收入」、「月入十萬」。《史記．卷七五．孟嘗君傳》：「歲餘不入，貨錢者多不能與其息，客奉將不給。」
3.接納、繳納。《國語．吳語》：「昔楚靈王不君，其臣箴諫以不入。」《金瓶梅》第一七回：「到明日他蓋這房子，多是入官抄沒的數兒。」
4.參加。如：「入會」、「入股」、「入學」、「入伍」。
5.到、達。如：「入夜」、「入冬」。
6.沉沒。如：「日出而作，日入而息。」
7.合宜、適合。如：「入時」、「入情入理」。
8.沉浸、深透。如：「入味」、「入骨」、「入迷」。
[名]
1.平上去入四聲之一。參見「入聲」條。
2.二一四部首之一。
rù:[dòng]
1. jìn, yóu wài miàn dào lǐ miàn. rú: “rù nèi” ,, “rù chǎng” ,, “rù jìng” .
2. shōu jìn. rú: “shōu rù” ,, “yuè rù shí wàn” . < shǐ jì． juǎn qī wǔ． mèng cháng jūn chuán>: “suì yú bù rù, huò qián zhě duō bù néng yǔ qí xī, kè fèng jiāng bù gěi.”
3. jiē nà,, jiǎo nà. < guó yǔ． wú yǔ>: “xī chǔ líng wáng bù jūn, qí chén zhēn jiàn yǐ bù rù.” < jīn píng méi> dì yī qī huí: “dào míng rì tā gài zhè fáng zi, duō shì rù guān chāo méi de shù ér.”
4. cān jiā. rú: “rù huì” ,, “rù gǔ” ,, “rù xué” ,, “rù wǔ” .
5. dào,, dá. rú: “rù yè” ,, “rù dōng” .
6. chén méi. rú: “rì chū ér zuò, rì rù ér xī.”
7. hé yí,, shì hé. rú: “rù shí” ,, “rù qíng rù lǐ” .
8. chén jìn,, shēn tòu. rú: “rù wèi” ,, “rù gǔ” ,, “rù mí” .
[míng]
1. píng shàng qù rù sì shēng zhī yī. cān jiàn “rù shēng” tiáo.
2. èr yī sì bù shǒu zhī yī.
ru:[dong]
1. jin, you wai mian dao li mian. ru: "ru nei" ,, "ru chang" ,, "ru jing" .
2. shou jin. ru: "shou ru" ,, "yue ru shi wan" . < shi ji. juan qi wu. meng chang jun chuan>: "sui yu bu ru, huo qian zhe duo bu neng yu qi xi, ke feng jiang bu gei."
3. jie na,, jiao na. < guo yu. wu yu>: "xi chu ling wang bu jun, qi chen zhen jian yi bu ru." < jin ping mei> di yi qi hui: "dao ming ri ta gai zhe fang zi, duo shi ru guan chao mei de shu er."
4. can jia. ru: "ru hui" ,, "ru gu" ,, "ru xue" ,, "ru wu" .
5. dao,, da. ru: "ru ye" ,, "ru dong" .
6. chen mei. ru: "ri chu er zuo, ri ru er xi."
7. he yi,, shi he. ru: "ru shi" ,, "ru qing ru li" .
8. chen jin,, shen tou. ru: "ru wei" ,, "ru gu" ,, "ru mi" .
[ming]
1. ping shang qu ru si sheng zhi yi. can jian "ru sheng" tiao.
2. er yi si bu shou zhi yi.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
洳 [rù] [ru]—
Adjective:
Wet, damp (潮溼 [chao shi]). In Wang Niansun's (王念孫 [wang nian sun]) "Guangya Shuzheng" (廣雅疏證 [guang ya shu zheng]), Volume 1, Part 2, "Explanation of Words" (釋詁 [shi gu]) from the Qing Dynasty (清 [qing]), it states: "Ru means wet (濕 [shi])."
Noun:
See the entry for "Ru River" (河 [he]).
洳：[形]
潮溼。清．王念孫《廣雅疏證．卷一下．釋詁》：「洳，濕也。」
[名]
參見「洳河」條。
rù:[xíng]
cháo shī. qīng． wáng niàn sūn < guǎng yǎ shū zhèng． juǎn yī xià． shì gǔ>: “rù, shī yě.”
[míng]
cān jiàn “rù hé” tiáo.
ru:[xing]
chao shi. qing. wang nian sun < guang ya shu zheng. juan yi xia. shi gu>: "ru, shi ye."
[ming]
can jian "ru he" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
茹 [rú] [ru]—
(1) Another (又 [you]) pronunciation (音 [yin]).
茹：(一)之又音。
rú:(yī) zhī yòu yīn.
ru:(yi) zhi you yin.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
溽 [rù] [ru]—
Adjective
1. Damp, moist. From Selections of Refined Literature (《文選 [wen xuan]》) by Guo Pu (郭璞 [guo pu]), "Rhapsody on the River" (《江賦 [jiang fu]》): "The forests are all damp, and the banks are all moist (津 [jin])."
2. Thick, rich (in flavor/smell). From Book of Rites (《禮記 [li ji]》), "Conduct of the Ru (Confucian Scholar)" (《儒行 [ru xing]》): "Their dwelling places are not extravagant (不淫 [bu yin]), and their food and drink are not rich (不 [bu])." From Tang (唐 [tang]) dynasty Kong Yingda's (孔穎達 [kong ying da]) Correct Meaning (《正義 [zheng yi]》): "Regarding 'food and drink are not (rù)', the word (rù) means 'desire' (欲 [yu]), which is to say 'thick' or 'rich' (濃厚 [nong hou])."
溽：[形]
1.潮溼。《文選．郭璞．江賦》：「林無不溽，岸無不津。」
2.濃厚。《禮記．儒行》：「其居處不淫，其飲食不溽。」唐．孔穎達．正義：「飲食不溽者，溽之言欲也，即濃厚也。」
rù:[xíng]
1. cháo shī. < wén xuǎn． guō pú． jiāng fù>: “lín wú bù rù, àn wú bù jīn.”
2. nóng hòu. < lǐ jì． rú xíng>: “qí jū chù bù yín, qí yǐn shí bù rù.” táng． kǒng yǐng dá． zhèng yì: “yǐn shí bù rù zhě, rù zhī yán yù yě, jí nóng hòu yě.”
ru:[xing]
1. chao shi. < wen xuan. guo pu. jiang fu>: "lin wu bu ru, an wu bu jin."
2. nong hou. < li ji. ru xing>: "qi ju chu bu yin, qi yin shi bu ru." tang. kong ying da. zheng yi: "yin shi bu ru zhe, ru zhi yan yu ye, ji nong hou ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
蓐 [rù] [ru]—
[Noun]
1. Straw mat (`草蓆 [cao xi]`), straw cushion/pad (`草墊 [cao dian]`).
`Erya` (`爾雅 [er ya]`), `Shìqì` (`釋器 [shi qi]`) chapter: "`` (rù) is called `茲 [zi]` (zī)." `Guo Pu` (`郭璞 [guo pu]`) of the `Jin Dynasty` (`晉 [jin]`) noted: "`茲 [zi]` (zī) refers to a `席 [xi]` (rùxí)."
2. Mattress (`墊褥 [dian ru]`) or bedding on a bed (`床 [chuang]`). Also used metaphorically to refer to a bed (`床 [chuang]`).
`Book of the Later Han` (`後漢書 [hou han shu]`), Volume 64, `Biography of Zhao Qi` (`趙岐傳 [zhao qi chuan]`): "He had a severe illness and was confined to `` (rù) for seven years."
`Selections of Refined Literature` (`文選 [wen xuan]`), `Li Mi` (`李密 [li mi]`), `Memorial on Behalf of My Mother` (`陳情表 [chen qing biao]`): "And Liu has long been afflicted by illness, often confined to `床 [chuang]` (chuángrù)."
蓐：[名]
1.草蓆、草墊。《爾雅．釋器》：「蓐謂之茲。」晉．郭璞．注：「茲者，蓐席也。」
2.床上的墊褥。亦借指床。《後漢書．卷六四．趙岐傳》：「有重疾，臥蓐七年。」《文選．李密．陳情表》：「而劉夙嬰疾病，常在床蓐。」
rù:[míng]
1. cǎo xí,, cǎo diàn. < ěr yǎ． shì qì>: “rù wèi zhī zī.” jìn． guō pú． zhù: “zī zhě, rù xí yě.”
2. chuáng shàng de diàn rù. yì jiè zhǐ chuáng. < hòu hàn shū． juǎn liù sì． zhào qí chuán>: “yǒu zhòng jí, wò rù qī nián.” < wén xuǎn． lǐ mì． chén qíng biǎo>: “ér liú sù yīng jí bìng, cháng zài chuáng rù.”
ru:[ming]
1. cao xi,, cao dian. < er ya. shi qi>: "ru wei zhi zi." jin. guo pu. zhu: "zi zhe, ru xi ye."
2. chuang shang de dian ru. yi jie zhi chuang. < hou han shu. juan liu si. zhao qi chuan>: "you zhong ji, wo ru qi nian." < wen xuan. li mi. chen qing biao>: "er liu su ying ji bing, chang zai chuang ru."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
擩 [rǔ] [ru]—
[Verb] To dye; to dip. From 《儀禮 [yi li]．公食大夫禮 [gong shi da fu li]》 (Yílǐ. Gōngshídàfūlǐ): "The guest (賓 [bin]) ascends to his mat, sits, takes the pickled chives (韭菹 [jiu ju]), and with the tip (辯 [bian]) dips it into the minced meat sauce (醢 [hai]), performing the ritual offering (祭 [ji]) between the dishes (上豆 [shang dou])." Han Dynasty (漢 [han]) Zheng Xuan (鄭玄 [zheng xuan]) Annotation (注 [zhu]): "(rǔ) means 染 [ran] (rǎn)."
擩：[動]
染。《儀禮．公食大夫禮》：「賓升席，坐，取韭菹，以辯擩于醢，上豆之間祭。」漢．鄭玄．注：「擩，猶染也。」
rǔ:[dòng]
rǎn. < yí lǐ． gōng shí dà fū lǐ>: “bīn shēng xí, zuò, qǔ jiǔ jū, yǐ biàn rǔ yú hǎi, shàng dòu zhī jiān jì.” hàn． zhèng xuán． zhù: “rǔ, yóu rǎn yě.”
ru:[dong]
ran. < yi li. gong shi da fu li>: "bin sheng xi, zuo, qu jiu ju, yi bian ru yu hai, shang dou zhi jian ji." han. zheng xuan. zhu: "ru, you ran ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
蝡 [rú] [ru]—
Verb.
Slight movement, crawling movement.
Xunzi: Exhortation to Learning (荀子 [xun zi]．勸學 [quan xue]): "If one speaks correctly and moves deliberately (而動 [er dong]), one can also serve as a model."
Book of Han, Volume 94, Account of the Xiongnu, Part One (漢書 [han shu]．卷九四 [juan jiu si]．匈奴傳上 [xiong nu chuan shang]): "All the common people, down to fish and turtles (魚鱉 [yu bie]), up to flying birds (飛鳥 [fei niao]), and all creatures that walk on tiptoe (跂行 [qi xing]), breathe through their beaks (喙息 [hui xi]), or crawl/wriggle (動 [dong]), none do not seek safety and benefit (安利 [an li]) and avoid danger (危殆 [wei dai])."
蝡：[動]
微動、爬動。《荀子．勸學》：「端而言，蝡而動，亦可以為法則。」《漢書．卷九四．匈奴傳上》：「元元萬民，下及魚鱉，上及飛鳥，跂行喙息蝡動之類，莫不就安利，避危殆。」
rú:[dòng]
wēi dòng,, pá dòng. < xún zi． quàn xué>: “duān ér yán, rú ér dòng, yì kě yǐ wèi fǎ zé.” < hàn shū． juǎn jiǔ sì． xiōng nú chuán shàng>: “yuán yuán wàn mín, xià jí yú biē, shàng jí fēi niǎo, qí xíng huì xī rú dòng zhī lèi, mò bù jiù ān lì, bì wēi dài.”
ru:[dong]
wei dong,, pa dong. < xun zi. quan xue>: "duan er yan, ru er dong, yi ke yi wei fa ze." < han shu. juan jiu si. xiong nu chuan shang>: "yuan yuan wan min, xia ji yu bie, shang ji fei niao, qi xing hui xi ru dong zhi lei, mo bu jiu an li, bi wei dai."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
蠕 [rú] [ru]—
Verb
To crawl slowly.
From Shiji (《史記 [shi ji]》), Volume 110, "Account of the Xiongnu" (《匈奴傳 [xiong nu chuan]》): "The myriad common people, down to the fish and turtles (魚鱉 [yu bie]) and up to the flying birds (飛鳥 [fei niao]), including all kinds of creatures that crawl on tiptoe (跂行 [qi xing]), breathe with beaks (喙息 [hui xi]), or wriggle (動 [dong]), all seek safety and benefit and avoid peril."
蠕：[動]
緩慢爬行。《史記．卷一一○．匈奴傳》：「元元萬民，下及魚鱉，上及飛鳥，跂行、喙息、蠕動之類，莫不就安利而辟危殆。」
rú:[dòng]
huǎn màn pá xíng. < shǐ jì． juǎn yī yī○． xiōng nú chuán>: “yuán yuán wàn mín, xià jí yú biē, shàng jí fēi niǎo, qí xíng,, huì xī,, rú dòng zhī lèi, mò bù jiù ān lì ér pì wēi dài.”
ru:[dong]
huan man pa xing. < shi ji. juan yi yi○. xiong nu chuan>: "yuan yuan wan min, xia ji yu bie, shang ji fei niao, qi xing,, hui xi,, ru dong zhi lei, mo bu jiu an li er pi wei dai."
1) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “breast; nipples”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 乳房 [ru fang] (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' n 1; Kroll 2015 '乳 [ru]' 1; Unihan '乳 [ru]').
2) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “milk”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Food and Drink; Notes: In the sense of 奶汁 [nai zhi] (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' n 2; Sun 2006, loc. 1475)..
3) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [verb] “to suckle; to nurse”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' v 3; Kroll 2015 '乳 [ru]' 1a; Sun 2006, loc. 1475)..
4) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “a nipple shaped object”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' n 3; Kroll 2015 '乳 [ru]' 1c)..
5) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “a newborn; a hatchling”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '乳 [ru]' 2)..
6) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [verb] “to brood; to nurture”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 孵卵 [fu luan] (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' v 2; Kroll 2015 '乳 [ru]' 3)..
7) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [verb] “to reproduce; to breed”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: As in 孳乳 [zi ru] (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' v 1)..
8) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [verb] “to drink”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: As in 喝 [he] (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' v 4)..
9) 乳 ts = rǔ p refers to [noun] “a liquid resembling milk”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: For example, 豆乳 [dou ru] 'soy milk' (Guoyu '乳 [ru]' n 4)..
10) 孺 ts = rú p refers to [noun] “a child”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '孺 [ru]')..
11) 孺 ts = rú p refers to [noun] “a blood relation”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '孺 [ru]')..
12) 孺 ts = rú p refers to [noun] “affection”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '孺 [ru]')..
13) 儒 ts = rú p refers to [noun] “a scholar”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: The original meaning of 儒 [ru] at the time of Confucius was as a government official assisting the ruler. There are also a number of other archaic senses debated for this term (Yao 2000. p. 18)...
14) 儒 ts = rú p refers to [proper noun] “Confucianism; Confucian school”; Domain: History 历史 [li shi] , Subdomain: Confucianism; Notes: Founded by Confucius 孔子 [kong zi] (551-479 BC) and elaborated by Mencius 孟子 [meng zi] (c. 372-c. 289 BC) and other scholars in the Warring States period (Yao 2000, p. 7)...
15) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “such as; for example; for instance”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '如 [ru]' v 5; Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 3, p. 390)..
16) 如 ts = rú p refers to [conjunction] “if”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: 如 [ru] is used as a subordinate conjunction in Literary Chinese (Guoyu '如 [ru]' conjunction 1; Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 4, p. 390; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 150; GHC '如 [ru]' 7; Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 6). For example, 王如善之 [wang ru shan zhi]，則何為不行 [ze he wei bu xing]？'Since your Majesty deems them excellent, why do you not practise them?' (Mengzi: 2.5/10/3, translation by Legge)..
17) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “in accordance with”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Synonymous with 按照 [an zhao] in this sense (Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 1; GHC '如 [ru]' 1; Guoyu '如 [ru]' v 1; Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 1, p. 390)..
18) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “to be appropriate; should; with regard to”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 应当 [ying dang] (Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 5, p. 390; GHC '如 [ru]' 5; Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 4)..
19) 如 ts = rú p refers to [pronoun] “this”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A demonstrative pronoun (Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 3b, p. 390)..
20) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “it is so; it is thus; can be compared with”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen] ..
21) 如 ts = rú p refers to [preposition] “to go to”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 往 [wang] ... 到 [dao] (Guoyu '如 [ru]' v 3; Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 2, p. 390; GHC '如 [ru]' 2; Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 7)..
22) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “to meet”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen] ..
23) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “to appear; to seem; to be like”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 好像 [hao xiang] or 相同 [xiang tong](GHC '如 [ru]' 3; Guoyu '如 [ru]' v 2; Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 1; Ci Yuan '如 [ru]' 1)..
24) 如 ts = rú p refers to [verb] “at least as good as”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 比得上 [bi de shang] (Guoyu '如 [ru]' v 4)..
25) 如 ts = rú p refers to [conjunction] “and”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A coordinating conjunction, synonymous with 与 [yu] or 和 [he] (GHC '如 [ru]' 9)..
26) 如 ts = rú p refers to [conjunction] “or”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A coordinating conjunction, synonymous with 或 [huo] (GHC '如 [ru]' 10; Guoyu '如 [ru]' conjunction 2)..
27) 如 ts = rú p refers to [conjunction] “but”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A subordinating conjunction, synonymous with 而 [er] (GHC '如 [ru]' 8)..
28) 如 ts = rú p refers to [conjunction] “then”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A subordinating conjunction, synonymous with 则 [ze]..
29) 如 ts = rú p refers to [particle] “naturally”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A particle used after a phrase like 然 [ran] (GHC '如 [ru]' 11; Guoyu '如 [ru]' particle)..
30) 如 ts = rú p refers to [particle] “expresses a question or doubt”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A particle used after a phrase like 乎 [hu] (Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 3a)..
31) 如 ts = rú p refers to [pronoun] “you”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Second person pronoun (Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 6, p. 390)..
32) 如 ts = rú p refers to [noun] “the second lunar month”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '如 [ru]' 7)..
33) 如 ts = rú p refers to [preposition] “in; at”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '如 [ru]' preposition)..
34) 如 ts = rú p refers to [proper noun] “Ru”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Concept: Surname 姓氏 [xing shi]; Notes: (Guoyu '如 [ru]' n)..
35) 鄏 ts = rǔ p refers to [proper noun] “Ru”; Domain: Places 地方 [de fang] , Subdomain: China , Concept: Place Name 地名 [de ming]; Notes: A place in Henan province (Unihan '鄏 [ru]') ..
36) 汝 ts = rǔ p refers to [pronoun] “you; thou”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: A second person pronoun used in Literary Chinese, same as 你 [ni] in modern Chinese (Guoyu '汝 [ru]' pronoun; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 77; Unihan '汝 [ru]')..
37) 汝 ts = rǔ p refers to [proper noun] “Ru River”; Domain: History 历史 [li shi] , Subdomain: China , Concept: River 河 [he]; Notes: Abbreviation for 汝水 [ru shui] (Guoyu '汝 [ru]' n 1)..
38) 汝 ts = rǔ p refers to [proper noun] “Ru”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Surname 姓氏 [xing shi]; Notes: (Guoyu '汝 [ru]' n 2)..
39) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “to enter”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: Middle Chinese: nyip; in the sense of 进入 [jin ru] or 岁入 [sui ru] (ABC 'rù' bf 1; CED '入 [ru]' 1; GHC '入 [ru]' 1; Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 1; NCCED '入 [ru]' 1)..
40) 入 ts = rù p refers to [noun] “Kangxi radical 11”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Radicals; Notes: Enter (ABC back cover; GHC p. 7)..
41) 入 ts = rù p refers to [radical] “radical”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen] ..
42) 入 ts = rù p refers to [noun] “income”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 收入 [shou ru] (ABC 'rù' bf 2; CED '入 [ru]' 3; GHC '入 [ru]' 4; Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 2)..
43) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “to conform with”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (ABC 'rù' bf 3; CED '入 [ru]' 4; Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 5; NCCED '入 [ru]' 5)..
44) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “to descend”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (ABC 'rù' bf 5; CED '入 [ru]' 5)..
45) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “the entering tone”; Domain: Linguistics 语言学 [yu yan xue]; Notes: In the sense of 入声 [ru sheng] (GHC '入 [ru]' 6; Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 6; NCCED '入 [ru]' 6)..
46) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “to pay”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 交纳 [jiao na] (GHC '入 [ru]' 3; Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 3)..
47) 入 ts = rù p refers to [verb] “to join”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 加入 [jia ru] (Kroll 2015 '入 [ru]' 4; NCCED '入 [ru]' 3)..
48) 褥 ts = rù p refers to [noun] “a mattress; cushion; bedding”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '褥 [ru]'; Guoyu '褥 [ru]' n 1; Unihan '褥 [ru]')..
1) 儒 [rú] refers to: “confucian”.
儒 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] nho.
[Korean] 유 / yu.
[Japanese] ジュ / ju.
2) 蓐 [rù] refers to: “cushion”.
蓐 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 褥.
[Tibetan] bting ba.
[Vietnamese] nóc.
[Korean] 욕 / yok.
[Japanese] ジョク / joku.
3) 褥 [rù] refers to: “cushion”.
褥 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 蓐.
[Sanskrit] bhiśika; bisi; biśi; kurca; saṃstaraṇaka.
[Vietnamese] nhục.
[Korean] 욕 / yok.
[Japanese] ジョク / joku.
4) 濡 [rú] refers to: “dip”.
濡 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] nhu.
[Korean] 유 / yu.
[Japanese] ジュ / ju.
5) 入 [rù] refers to: “enter”.
入 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 入中; 處.
[Sanskrit] āyatana.
[Pali] āyatana.
[Vietnamese] nhập.
[Korean] 입 / ip.
[Japanese] ニュウ / nyū.
6) 乳 [rǔ] refers to: “milk”.
乳 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Tibetan] nu ma; nu zho; 'o ma.
[Vietnamese] nhũ.
[Korean] 유 / yu.
[Japanese] ニュウ / nyū.
7) 辱 [rǔ] refers to: “shame”.
辱 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 恥; 愧; 慚愧; 慚羞; 耻.
[Sanskrit] paribhāṣana.
[Vietnamese] nhục.
[Korean] 욕 / yok.
[Japanese] ニク / ジョク.
8) 如 [rú] refers to: (1) “suchness”; (2) “thus”.
如 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 如眞; 眞如; 則是; 多他; 如斯比類; 彼爾; 是則; 法本; 像; 色像; 鏡像; 等; 譬如; 且如; 如此; 寧; 似; 猶如; 同.
[Sanskrit] aupamya-mātreṇa; bhūta-tathatā; na ca khalu varam...; nibhopama; pratibimbaka; sadṛśam; sama-sādṛśa; samānaka; sādṛśaka; tad-yathāpi nāma; tad-yathā; tathā tad-yathā; tathā yathā; thativa; varam...varaṃ na; viya; yatha-r-iva; yathaiva; yathāpi nāma; yathā..ṭathā; yādṛśaḥ..ṭādṛśaḥ; yāvat..ṭāvat.
[Tibetan] rigs pa.
[Vietnamese] như.
[Korean] 여 / yeo.
[Japanese] ニョ / nyo.
9) 燸 [rú] refers to: “warm”.
燸 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 暄; 暖; 溫; 煖; 篤; 煖位; 煖法; 煗.
[Sanskrit] uṣma-gata.
[Vietnamese] nhu.
[Korean] 유 / yu.
[Japanese] ナン / nan.
10) 蠕 [rú] refers to: “wrigglers”.
蠕 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] nhuyễn.
[Korean] 연 / yeon.
[Japanese] ゼン / zen.
11) 汝 [rǔ] refers to: “you”.
汝 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 仁者; 仁輩; 卿; 諸人; 諸仁; 諸賢; 諸賢者; 賢等; 汝等; 汝說; 怛縛; 汝身; 若.
[Sanskrit] mārsa; tava; tuhu; tvam; yūyu.
[Vietnamese] nhữ.
[Korean] 여 / yeo.
[Japanese] ニョ / nyo.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+31): Rava, Ravaka, Ravamana, Ravana, Ravanta, Ravanti, Ravantu, Ravapenti, Ravasi, Ravati, Ravi, Ravimsu, Ravissami, Ravita, Ravitum, Ravitva, Roruva, Roruvati, Roti, Ru dou.
Full-text (+43253): Ru shi, Ruji, Ruru, Rufu, Suru, Ji, Ru hua, Wu ru, Ru zhi, Xian ru, Ravi, Aaru, Zhi, Ravana, Li ru, Meru, Ru shui, Shi, Ru xiang, Ru shou.
Relevant text
Search found 176 books and stories containing Ru, Roo, Rū, Ṟu, Ṟū, Rù, Rú, Rǔ, Rủ, Ruǎn, Ruan, 乳, 侞, 儒, 入, 嗕, 嚅, 如, 嬬, 孺, 帤, 擩, 曘, 汝, 洳, 溽, 濡, 燸, 筎, 縟, 缛, 茹, 蒘, 蓐, 蕠, 薷, 蝡, 蠕, 袽, 褥, 襦, 辱, 鄏, 醹, 銣, 铷, 顬, 颥, 鴽, 䰰; (plurals include: Roos, Ruǎns, Ruans). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 51: The Grief of Mahaprajapati < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Chapter 153: A Display of Divine Power < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Chapter 11: Prophecy for the Ninth Prince < [Part 158 - Karunapundarika-sutra (unkown translator)]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.7.59-60 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (7): Sādhana-samuddeśa (On the Means)]
Verse 3.7.61 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (7): Sādhana-samuddeśa (On the Means)]
Verse 3.7.63 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (7): Sādhana-samuddeśa (On the Means)]
Vasudevavijaya of Vasudeva (Study) (by Sajitha. A)
Sandhi (d): Svādisandhi < [Chapter 3 - Vāsudevavijaya—A Grammatical Study]
Tatpuruṣa-samāsa (Compound) < [Chapter 3 - Vāsudevavijaya—A Grammatical Study]
Bahuvrīhi-samāsa (Compound) < [Chapter 3 - Vāsudevavijaya—A Grammatical Study]
108 Tirupathi Anthathi (English translation) (by Sri Varadachari Sadagopan)
Taniyan (standalone verse in honor of an author or work)
Verse 26: Krishnaranya Kshetram (or, Thirukannangudi Divya Desam)
Multinational Firm’s Production Decisions under Overlapping Free Trade... < [Volume 9, Issue 1 (2017)]
Values of Travel Time for Recreational Trips under Different Behavioural Rules < [Volume 13, Issue 12 (2021)]
Travel Mode and Travel Route Choice Behavior Based on Random Regret Minimization < [Volume 10, Issue 4 (2018)]
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