Bhiru, Bhīru: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Bhiru means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaBhīru (भीरु).—A son born to Maṇibhadra and his wife Puṇyajanī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1) Bhiru (भिरु).—A son of Maṇibhadra.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 155.
2) Bhīru (भीरु).—A Yakṣa, son of Puṇyajanī and Maṇibhadra.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 123.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: archive.org: The religion and philosophy of the Veda and the Upanishads (dharmashastra)Bhīru (भीरु) is the name of a deity to be invoked in a certain ritual, according to the Mānavagṛhyasūtra 2.14. Accordingly, the deity is prescribed when one suffers from possession by the Vināyakas, Śālakaṭaṅkaṭa, Kūṣmāṇḍarājaputra, Usmita and Devayajana. The Baijavāpagṛhyasūtra replaces the names of last two vināyakas with Mita and Sammita. According to R. C. Hazra in his Gaṇapati-worship, “this rite is both expiatory and propitiatory in nature and in which various things including meat and fish (both raw and cooked) and wine and cakes are to be offered”..
The gṛhya-sūtras are a branch of dharma-sūtras and refer to a category of Vedic literature dealing with domstic rites and rituals. The Mānava-gṛhya-sūtra belongs to the Kṛṣṇa-yajurveda. The Baijavāpa-gṛhya-sūtra is known only through references to it in other works (e.g., Vīramitrodaya-Saṃskāra).
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval IndiaBhīru (भीरु) refers to a type of fish whose meat (māṃsa) is classified as “aquatic” (apcara) according to the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—The text [māṃsa-prakaraṇa] says the three fold division of meat [such as aquatic (apcara)...]. Here different types of meat and their properties are discussed in detail. The aquatic animals are [viz., bhīru].
Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭuBhīrū (भीरू) is another name for Śatāvarī, a medicinal plant identified with Asparagus racemosus Willed. (or “buttermilk root”) from the Asparagaceae family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.116-119 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Together with the names Bhīrū and Śatāvarī, there are a total of thirty-two Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical study1) Bhīru (भीरु) (lit. “one who is fearful”) is a synonym (another name) for the Tiger (Vyāghra), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
2) Bhīru (भीरु) (lit. “one who is fearful, timid or cowardly”) also refers to the Owl (Ulūka).
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsBhīru (भीरु) refers to “cowardly (persons)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “As the young so the old, as the rich so the poor, as the brave so the cowardly (bhīru)—Yama devours [all] equally. When Yama is an opponent of embodied souls, all elephants, horses, men, and soldiers and the powers of mantras and medicines become useless”.
Synonyms: Bhīta, Śaṅkitā, Bhrānta.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarybhīru : (adj.) timid; fearful; cowardly.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryBhīru, (adj. n.) (fr. bhī; cp. Vedic bhīru) 1. fearful, i.e. having fear, timid, afraid, shy, cowardly Sdhp. 207 (dukkha°); usually in neg. abhīru not afraid, without fear, combined with anutrāsin: see utrāsin.—2. fearful, i.e. causing fear, awful, dreadful, terrible Pv. II, 41 (°dassana terrible to look at).—3. (m.) fear, cowardice Sn. 437 (=utrāsa SnA 390).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybhīru (भीरु).—a (S) Timid, apprehensive, fearful. 2 Afraid of or fearing. In comp. as pāpabhīru, raṇabhīru.
--- OR ---
bhīrū (भीरू).—f S (A fearing or timid one.) A woman.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishbhīru (भीरु).—a Timid; afraid of.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryBhīru (भीरु).—a. (-ru or -rū f.) [भी-क्रु (bhī-kru); cf. P.III.2.174.]
1) Timid, cowardly, fearful; क्षान्त्या भीरुः (kṣāntyā bhīruḥ) H.2.26.
2) Afraid of; (mostly in comp.); पाप°, अधर्म°, प्रतिज्ञाभङ्ग° (pāpa°, adharma°, pratijñābhaṅga°) &c.
-ruḥ 1 A jackal.
2) A tiger.
3) A kind of sugarcane.
-ru n. Silver. -f.
1) A timid woman.
2) A goat.
3) A shadow.
4) A centipede.
--- OR ---
Bhīrū (भीरू).—f. A timid woman; त्वं रक्षसा भीरु यतोऽपनीता (tvaṃ rakṣasā bhīru yato'panītā) R.13.24.
See also (synonyms): bhīlū.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryBhiru (भिरु).—name of a minister of Rudrāyaṇa (bracketed with Hiru): Divyāvadāna 545.5.
--- OR ---
Bhīru (भीरु).—(nt.? = Pali id.; in Sanskrit only adj.), fear: ṣaṣṭhī (sc. Mārasya senā) bhīru pravuccati (so Senart, mss. pranandita, (u)panandati) Mahāvastu ii.240.5 (verse); in parallel Lalitavistara 262.16 bhayaṃ (v.l. bhaya) ṣaṣṭhī nirucyate.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhīru (भीरु).—mfn. (-ruḥ-ruḥ or -ruḥ-ru) Timid, fearful. f.
(-ruḥ-rūḥ) 1. A timid woman. 2. A plant, (Asparagus racemosus.) 3. A sort of prickly nightshade. 4. A jackal. 5. A centipede. 6. A tiger. 7. A goat. n. (-ru) Silver. E. bhī to fear, Unadi aff. kru; also ra being changed to u, bhīlu .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhīru (भीरु).—[bhī + ru], I. adj., f. ru or rū, Timid, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 25. Ii. m. 1. A jackal. 2. A tiger. Iii. f. ru or rū. 1. A timid woman, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 5. 2. A plant, Asparagus racemosa. 3. A sert of prickly nightṣade. 4. A centipede. 5. A goat.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhīru (भीरु).—([feminine] bhīru & bhīrū, [vocative] bhīru) timid, cowardly, shy, afraid of ([ablative] or —°, paratra of the other world). — Abstr. bhīru++tā† [feminine], tva† [neuter]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Bhiru (भिरु):—m. Name of a man (also ruka), [Divyāvadāna]
2) Bhīru (भीरु):—[from bhī] mf(U)n. fearful, timid, cowardly, afraid of ([ablative] or [compound]), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] (with paratra) dreading the beyond or the hereafter, [Yājñavalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]] (ifc. expressive of blame, [Gaṇaratna-mahodadhi on Pāṇini 2-1, 53])
4) [v.s. ...] m. a jackal, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. pheru)
5) [v.s. ...] a tiger, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] various kinds of fish, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [v.s. ...] a centipede, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) [v.s. ...] a kind of sugarcane, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] Asparagus Racemosus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] f. a timid woman ([especially] [vocative case] ‘bhīru’, ‘O timid one!’), [Kāvya literature]
11) [v.s. ...] a shadow, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) [v.s. ...] a she-goat, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) [v.s. ...] Solanum Jacquini, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
14) [v.s. ...] n. a species of plant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
15) [v.s. ...] silver, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhīru (भीरु):—[(ruḥ-ruḥ-ru) a.] Timid, fearful, shy, bashful. f. Asparagus; the prickly nightshade; a jackal; a centipede; a tiger; a goat.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Bhīru (भीरु) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Bhayālu, Bhāira, Bhīru, Bhīrua.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryBhīru (भीरु):—(a) timid, coward; fearing; shy; ~[tā] timidness, cowardice, fearing disposition; shyness; ~[hṛdya] same as [bhīru].
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryBhīru (भीरु) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Bhīru.
Bhīru has the following synonyms: Bhīrua.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBhīru (ಭೀರು):—
1) [noun] a person lacking courage; a timid person.
2) [noun] any of several small omnivorous canids (as Canis aureus) having large ears, long legs, and bushy tails; a jackal.
3) [noun] a large Asian carnivorous mammal (Panthera tigris) of the cat family having a usu. tawny coat transversely striped with black; a tiger.
4) [noun] a variety of sugarcane.
5) [noun] silver, a white metallic element.
6) [noun] any of various hollow-horned ruminant mammals related to the sheep but of lighter built and with backwardly arching horns, a short tail, and usu. straight hair; a goat.
7) [noun] partial darkness or obscurity within a part of space from which rays from a source of light are cut off by an interposed opaque body; shadow.
8) [noun] any of a class (Chilopoda) of long flattened many-segmented predaceous arthropods with each segment bearing one pair of legs of which the foremost pair is modified into poison fangs; a centipede.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+9): Bhirua, Bhirubala, Bhirubhiru, Bhirubhishini, Bhirucetas, Bhiruchetas, Bhiruhridaya, Bhirujana, Bhiruka, Bhiruka Jataka, Bhirukaccha, Bhirukachchha, Bhirukajana, Bhirumaya, Bhirumda, Bhiruna, Bhiruparni, Bhirupatri, Bhirupatrika, Bhirupattri.
Ends with (+14): Abhiru, Adharmabhiru, Adhyavasayabhiru, Anarthabhiru, Anavadyabhiru, Atibhiru, Avadyabhiru, Bhavabhiru, Bhirubhiru, Candrabhiru, Damshabhiru, Dharmabhiru, Ekantabhiru, Janmabhiru, Jarabhiru, Kakabhiru, Mahabhiru, Nisargabhiru, Papabhiru, Paratrabhiru.
Full-text (+64): Bhirucetas, Bhilu, Bhirurandhra, Kakabhiru, Bhiruhridaya, Patadbhiru, Damshabhiru, Jarabhiru, Bhiruta, Shatabhiru, Shvabhiru, Mahabhiru, Paratrabhiru, Bhirusattva, Abhiru, Bhiruka, Shitabhiru, Bhirukaccha, Bhirushthana, Bhirupattri.
Relevant text
Search found 13 books and stories containing Bhiru, Bhīru, Bhīrū; (plurals include: Bhirus, Bhīrus, Bhīrūs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.17.33 < [Chapter 17 - Description of the Yogurt Theft]
Verse 1.18.14 < [Chapter 18 - Vision of the Universal Form]
Verses 2.2.5-6 < [Chapter 2 - Description of Girirāja Govardhana’s Birth]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 3: Bhīru and Śāmba < [Chapter VII - Marriages of Śāmba and Pradyumna]
Part 2: Marriage of Pradyumna < [Chapter VII - Marriages of Śāmba and Pradyumna]
Appendix 5.1: additional notes < [Appendices]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 1.101.6 < [Sukta 101]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 5.29 < [Section VI - Lawful and Forbidden Meat]
Verse 7.62 < [Section IV - Duties of the King]
The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (by Ven. Mingun Sayadaw)
Part 2 - Māra’s Visit to deter the Bodhisatta by feigning Goodwill < [Chapter 6 - The Practice of Severe Austerities]
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)