Paramarthika, Pāramārthika, Parama-arthika: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Paramarthika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Parmarthik.
In Hinduism
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) refers to:—That which relates to the supreme spiritual truth or ultimate attainment of reality; real, essential, true; that which relates to a higher object. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) refers to the “groups of Pāñcarātra”, chapter 2 of the Viṣṇusaṃhitā: a Sanskrit text written in 2600 verses which covers typical Pāñcarātra topics through a narrative dialogue between Aupagāyana and Siddha Sumati.—Description of the chapter [tantra-vyākhyā]: This chapter concerns itself with a clarification of certain ideas and terms, viz., [...] how the Pāñcarātra believers’ extremist groups [pāramārthikas] differ among themselves—e.g., Vaikhānasa, Sāttvata, Śikhin, Ekāntin, Mūlaka—and how each of these so-called groups is to be understood and how each is interrelated to the other four (26-35), [...]
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Google Books: Puspika: Tracing Ancient India Through Texts and TraditionsPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) or Satyabhūta refers to “that which is real”, according to the Īśvara-Pratyabhijñā-Vimarśinī of Abhinavagupta with commentary by Bhāskarī.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) refers to the “absolute truth”, according to the Saṃvaramaṇḍala of Abhayākaragupta’s Niṣpannayogāvalī, p. 45 and n. 145; (Cf. Cakrasaṃvaratantra, Gray, David B., 2007).—The two arms represent vyāvahārika, "conventional truth", and pāramārthika, "absolute truth".
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) refers to the “absolute point of view” and represents one of the four Siddhānta (“points of view”, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 1.—Accordingly: The Buddha preaches the Mahāprajñāpāramitāsūtra to explain the absolute point of view. There are four points of view (siddhānta): [e.g., the absolute point of view (pāramārthika-siddhānta)], [...] In these four points of view (siddhānta) are contained, in its entirety, the twelve-membered scriptures and the eighty-four thousand baskets of the doctrine. All four points of view are true and do not contradict one another: in the Buddhadharma, there are realities of mundane order, realities of individual order, realities of antidotal order and realities of absolute order.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—a S (parama & artha) Studious of divine knowledge and favor; spiritually-minded. 2 Relating to the Divine nature or to Truth; spiritual, sublime, excellent; supremely good, real, actual, true; relating to paramārtha q. v.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishpāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—a Spiritually-minded. Spiritual. Real.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—a. (-kī f.) [परमार्थाय हितं ठक् (paramārthāya hitaṃ ṭhak)]
1) Relating to परमार्थ (paramārtha) or the highest truth or spiritual knowledge.
2) Real, essential, truly or really existent; सत्ता त्रिविधा पारमार्थिकी, व्यावहारिकी, प्रातीतिकी च (sattā trividhā pāramārthikī, vyāvahārikī, prātītikī ca) Vedānta.
3) Caring for truth, loving truth or right; न लोकः पारमार्थिकः (na lokaḥ pāramārthikaḥ) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.342.
4) Excellent, supremely good, best.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) 1. Preferable, best, most desirable. 2. Relating to the spiritual knowledge. 3. Real, true, existing. 4. Loving truth. E. pāramārtha chief object, and ṭhak aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—i. e. parama-artha + ika, adj. 1. Real. 2. Loving right, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 389.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक).—[feminine] ī real, essential, true.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pāramārthika (पारमार्थिक):—[from pārama] mf(ī)n. ([from] paramārtha) relating to a high or spiritual object or to supreme truth, real, essential, true, [Śaṃkarācārya; Bhāgavata-purāṇa; Manvarthamuktāvalī, kullūka bhaṭṭa’s Commentary on manu-smṛti] (cf. [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 108])
2) [v.s. ...] one who cares for truth, [Pañcatantra]
3) [v.s. ...] excellent, best, [Horace H. Wilson]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक):—[pāramā+rthika] (kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) a. Best, superior, preferable; spiritual.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक) [Also spelled parmarthik]:—(a) transcendental, ultra-mundane; pertaining to spiritual objects; benevolent, beneficent; hence ~[tā] (nf).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPāramārthika (ಪಾರಮಾರ್ಥಿಕ):—
1) [noun] of or relating to the absolute Truth, beatitude.
2) [noun] of or pertaining to philosophy; philosophical.
3) [noun] outstandingly good of its kind; of exceptional merit, virtue, etc.
--- OR ---
Pāramārthika (ಪಾರಮಾರ್ಥಿಕ):—
1) [noun] = ಪಾರಮಾರ್ಥ - [paramartha -] 1.
2) [noun] that which is relating to the absolute Truth or the final beatitude.
3) [noun] that which pertains to or conforms philosophical thoughts or philosophy.
4) [noun] a scholarly man.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPāramārthika (पारमार्थिक):—adj. pertaining to the next world;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Arthika, Parama.
Starts with: Paramarthikabheda, Paramarthikasiddhanta, Paramarthikate, Paramarttikacattu, Paramarttikam.
Full-text (+4): Aparamarthika, Parmarthik, Gatanugatika, Paramarttikam, Vyavaharika, Paramarthya, Samvittika, Satyabhuta, Paramarthikasiddhanta, Paramarttikacattu, Mulaka, Siddhantalakshana, Samvrita, Parshada, Bhagavadbhakta, Vipashyana, Shikhin, Tantravyakhya, Bhakta, Ekantin.
Relevant text
Search found 43 books and stories containing Paramarthika, Pāramārthika, Parama-arthika, Pārama-arthika; (plurals include: Paramarthikas, Pāramārthikas, arthikas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Tattvasangraha [with commentary] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 1030 < [Chapter 16 - Examination of the Import of Words]
Verse 338 < [Chapter 7 - Doctrine of the Self (ātman, ‘soul’)]
Verse 3114-3115 < [Chapter 25 - Examination of the Doctrine of ‘Self-sufficient Validity’]
Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika (by R. Balasubramanian)
Verse 3.75 < [Book 3 - Bhṛguvallī]
The concept of Creation in the Major Upanisads (by C. Poulose)
21. The concept of the Paramarthika satta (absolute truth) < [Chapter 2 - Major Upanishads]
Mahayana Buddhism and Early Advaita Vedanta (Study) (by Asokan N.)
Chapter 2.7 - Arya-Satya Pariksha (examination)
Chapter 4 - Reality according to Madhyamika and Advaita (introduction)
Chapter 5.3 - Comparative study of the Absolute (Shunya or Brahman)
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 11.16 < [Chapter 11 - Additional Ornaments]
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