Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.62.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स सु॒ष्टुभा॒ स स्तु॒भा स॒प्त विप्रै॑: स्व॒रेणाद्रिं॑ स्व॒र्यो॒३॒॑ नव॑ग्वैः । स॒र॒ण्युभि॑: फलि॒गमि॑न्द्र शक्र व॒लं रवे॑ण दरयो॒ दश॑ग्वैः ॥
स सुष्टुभा स स्तुभा सप्त विप्रैः स्वरेणाद्रिं स्वर्यो नवग्वैः । सरण्युभिः फलिगमिन्द्र शक्र वलं रवेण दरयो दशग्वैः ॥
sa suṣṭubhā sa stubhā sapta vipraiḥ svareṇādriṃ svaryo navagvaiḥ | saraṇyubhiḥ phaligam indra śakra valaṃ raveṇa darayo daśagvaiḥ ||

English translation:

“Powerful Indra, who are to be gratified with a laudatory and well-accented hymn by the seven priests, whether engaged for nine months, or for ten; and, desirous of (safe) protection, you have terrified by your voice the divisible fructifying cloud.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Vipras (priests) are aṅgirasas: (1) those who conduct sacrifices for nine months; and (2) those who conduct the sacrifices for ten months. The seven priests are Medhātithi and other ṛṣis of Aṅgiras lineage. valam = cloud;

Adrim = that which is to be divided by the thunderbolt;

Phaligam = that which yields fruit;

Alternative: adri = mountain;

Phaliga = a cloud;

Vala = an asura

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍārṣītriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सः । सु॒ऽस्तुभा॑ । सः । स्तु॒भा । स॒प्त । विप्रैः॑ । स्व॒रेण॑ । अद्रि॑म् । स्व॒र्यः॑ । नव॑ऽग्वैः । स॒र॒ण्युऽभिः॑ । फ॒लि॒ऽगम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । श॒क्र॒ । व॒लम् । रवे॑ण । दश॑ऽग्वैः ॥
सः । सुस्तुभा । सः । स्तुभा । सप्त । विप्रैः । स्वरेण । अद्रिम् । स्वर्यः । नवग्वैः । सरण्युभिः । फलिगम् । इन्द्र । शक्र । वलम् । रवेण । दशग्वैः ॥
saḥ | su-stubhā | saḥ | stubhā | sapta | vipraiḥ | svareṇa | adrim | svaryaḥ | nava-gvaiḥ | saraṇyu-bhiḥ | phali-gam | indra | śakra | valam | raveṇa | daśa-gvaiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.62.4 English analysis of grammar]

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

suṣṭubhā < suṣṭubh

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

stubhā < stubh

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“song; praise.”

sapta < saptan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“seven; seventh.”

vipraiḥ < vipra

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Brahmin; poet; singer; priest; guru; Vipra.”

svareṇādriṃ < svareṇa < svara

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“voice; noise; sound; voice; note; tone; accent; seven; vowel; Vishnu; cry; accent; cry.”

svareṇādriṃ < adrim < adri

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

svaryo < svaryaḥ < svarya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“good for the voice.”

navagvaiḥ < navagva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Navagva.”

saraṇyubhiḥ < saraṇyu

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

phaligam < phaliga

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

śakra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”

valaṃ < valam < vala

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vala; vala; cave.”

raveṇa < rava

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“sound; howl; thunder; cry; talk; cry.”

darayo < darayaḥ < daray < √dṛ

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

daśagvaiḥ < daśagva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

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