Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 14.31.1

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
त्रयो वै रिपवो लोके नव वै गुणतः स्मृताः ।
हर्षः स्तम्भोऽभिमानश्च त्रयस्ते सात्त्विका गुणाः ॥ १ ॥

brāhmaṇa uvāca |
trayo vai ripavo loke nava vai guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ |
harṣaḥ stambho'bhimānaśca trayaste sāttvikā guṇāḥ || 1 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...said as follows. "Alarka said, 'This (viz., the understanding) forms many determinations with the aid of ratiocination. Hence, I shall shoot whetted arrows at the understanding...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (14.31.1). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Brahmana, Traya, Tri, Ripu, Loka, Nava, Navan, Gunatah, Smrita, Smrito, Harsha, Stambha, Abhimana, Tad, Yushmad, Sattvika, Guna,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 14.31.1). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “brāhmaṇa uvāca
  • brāhmaṇa* -
  • brāhmaṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • uvāca -
  • vac (verb class 2)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
    vac (verb class 3)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
  • Line 2: “trayo vai ripavo loke nava vai guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ
  • trayo* -
  • traya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    tri (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • vai -
  • (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single], [imperative middle first single]
  • ripavo* -
  • ripu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    ripu (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • loke -
  • loka (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    lok (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single]
  • nava -
  • nava (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nava (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    navan (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    navan (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    nu (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]
  • vai -
  • (verb class 1)
    [present middle first single], [imperative middle first single]
  • guṇataḥ -
  • guṇataḥ (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • smṛtāḥ -
  • smṛta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    smṛtā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
    smṛto (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
    smṛ -> smṛta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative plural from √smṛ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √smṛ class 1 verb]
    smṛ -> smṛtā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative plural from √smṛ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √smṛ class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √smṛ class 1 verb]
  • Line 3: “harṣaḥ stambho'bhimānaśca trayaste sāttvikā guṇāḥ
  • harṣaḥ -
  • harṣa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • stambho' -
  • stambha (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • abhimānaś -
  • abhimāna (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • trayas -
  • traya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    tri (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • te -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    yuṣmad (pronoun, none)
    [dative single], [genitive single]
  • sāttvikā* -
  • sāttvika (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
  • guṇāḥ -
  • guṇa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    guṇā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 14.31.1

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

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Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 14.31.1 in Kannada sript:
ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ ಉವಾಚ ।
ತ್ರಯೋ ವೈ ರಿಪವೋ ಲೋಕೇ ನವ ವೈ ಗುಣತಃ ಸ್ಮೃತಾಃ ।
ಹರ್ಷಃ ಸ್ತಮ್ಭೋಽಭಿಮಾನಶ್ಚ ತ್ರಯಸ್ತೇ ಸಾತ್ತ್ವಿಕಾ ಗುಣಾಃ ॥ ೧ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

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Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

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Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 14.31.1 in Bengali sript:
ব্রাহ্মণ উবাচ ।
ত্রযো বৈ রিপবো লোকে নব বৈ গুণতঃ স্মৃতাঃ ।
হর্ষঃ স্তম্ভোঽভিমানশ্চ ত্রযস্তে সাত্ত্বিকা গুণাঃ ॥ ১ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 14.31.1 in Gujarati sript:
બ્રાહ્મણ ઉવાચ ।
ત્રયો વૈ રિપવો લોકે નવ વૈ ગુણતઃ સ્મૃતાઃ ।
હર્ષઃ સ્તમ્ભોઽભિમાનશ્ચ ત્રયસ્તે સાત્ત્વિકા ગુણાઃ ॥ ૧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 14.31.1 in Malayalam sript:
ബ്രാഹ്മണ ഉവാച ।
ത്രയോ വൈ രിപവോ ലോകേ നവ വൈ ഗുണതഃ സ്മൃതാഃ ।
ഹര്ഷഃ സ്തമ്ഭോഽഭിമാനശ്ച ത്രയസ്തേ സാത്ത്വികാ ഗുണാഃ ॥ ൧ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

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Preview of verse 14.31.1 in Telugu sript:
బ్రాహ్మణ ఉవాచ ।
త్రయో వై రిపవో లోకే నవ వై గుణతః స్మృతాః ।
హర్షః స్తమ్భోఽభిమానశ్చ త్రయస్తే సాత్త్వికా గుణాః ॥ ౧ ॥

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