Abhimana, Abhimāna, Abhīmāna: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Abhimana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationAbhimāna (अभिमान) refers to one who is “haughty and conceited”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.29. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Then inciting the fury of Dakṣa further, she said to Viṣṇu and all other Devas and sages unhesitatingly.. Satī said:—‘[...] Let us not take to your path of egoism as displayed in your sacrificial chambers enjoyed and cast-off by the fire. Ours is the manifest path followed by Avadhūtas. O father, with a crooked mind you need not be haughty and conceited (abhimāna)’”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexAbhimāna (अभिमान).—(Rudra) entered Ātman (ahaṅkāra) of virāṭ puruṣa.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa III. 6. 25.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamAbhimāna (अभिमान) refers to:—Ego; self-conception. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsAbhimāna (अभिमान):—Pride (in a good sense), the quality or state of being proud, Self-respect
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchAbhimāna (अभिमान) refers to “pride”, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] Some have intellects which have become insensitive through reasoning and [philosophical] speculations, [and some] are elevated by [their] conceit and ego. Some are self-satisfied with pride (abhimāna), [rendered] stupid by [their obsession with] caste, and [some] are confounded by activities such as meditation. Generally speaking, the multitudes of people have deluded minds and various [mental] disturbances, for, those who experience nothing but the bliss of the undisturbed, natural [no-mind] state, are not seen in the world. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: HAL: The function of the Vṛṣasārasaṃgraha in the Śivadharma corpus (ds)Abhimāna (अभिमान) refers to “self conceit”, which should be avoided by Saṃnyāsas (renouncers), according to the Vṛṣasārasaṃgraha: A Sanskrit text of twenty-four chapters contained in the Śivadharma corpus dealing with Dharma (religious duties).—Accordingly, [verse 11.45-46]: “He should avoid honey/alcohol and meat, as well as others’ wives. He should avoid staying [in a place] for long and also staying at others’ places. He should avoid food that has been thrown away and he should avoid food from a single house. He should always refrain from accumulating [wealth] and from self conceit (abhimāna)”.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Abhimāna (अभिमान) refers to “pride”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting on horseback (āśvina) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (mṛgayā). [...] The very life and soul of sexual enjeyment are pride (abhimāna), the self-importance, and pleasure. Therefore for one fatigued with hunting are prescribed, the plaster of sandal paste and other things, the shampooing by the leaf-like soft hands of women, syrups, the five elixirs of life, and fanning with palm-leaves. [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsAbhimāna (अभिमान) refers to one of the steps (aṅga) of the worship of the Lord, as discussed in the twenty-second chapter of the Jayākhyasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra Āgama text composed of 4500 verses in 33 chapters dealing with topics such as mantra (formulas), japa (repetitions), dhyāna (meditations), mudrā (gesticulations), nyāsa (concentrations) etc.—Description of the chapter [vaiṣṇava-ācāra]:—[...] Nārada wants to know about the pañcakāla division of the day. He is told about what is to be done in each of the five periods—abhigamana (68-69a), upādāna (69b-70), ijyā (71), svādhyāya (72), and yoga (73-74a). Nārada then asks to know the various steps [aṅga] of the worship to the Lord-and is told that worship is to be observed in this order: abhimāna, bhoga, pūjā, offering ghee and other eatables (including paśu: 77), saṃpradāna, vahnisaṃtarpaṇa, pitṛyāga, and prāṇāgnihavana (74b-81a).
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraMithyādṛṣṭi (मिथ्यादृष्टि) refers to “pride”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 19).—Accordingly, “This dharma of generosity favors the adept if he seeks the Path. Why is that? Nirvāṇa is called the cessation of the fetters (saṃyojana-nirodha). Now, when generosity is practiced, the afflictions (kleśa) diminish. Thus generosity favors nirvāṇa. Actually, [...] x) by having compassion (karuṇā) for the receiver, anger (krodha) is opposed; xi) by paying respect to the receiver, pride (abhimāna) is opposed; xii) by knowing how to practice the good dharmas, ignorance (avidyā) is opposed; xiii) by believing in the fruit of retribution (vipākaphala), wrong view (mithyādṛṣṭi) is opposed; xiv) by knowing the inevitability (niyama) of retribution (vipāka), doubt (vicikitsā) is opposed. All these kinds of bad afflictions are decreased when generosity is practiced and all kinds of good dharmas are acquired. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryabhimāna : (m.) self-respect.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryAbhimana, (adj.) (abhi + mano, BSk. abhimana, e. g. M Vastu III, 259) having one’s mind turned on, thinking of or on (c. Acc.) Th.1, 1122; J.VI, 451. (Page 68)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryabhimāna (अभिमान).—m (S) Pride, haughtiness, conceit, opinionativeness. v bāḷaga, bhōga, vāha. 2 Conscious feeling towards; apprehension or view of as self, or as belonging to or connected with self; maintaining or holding with engagedness of heart and soul. v dhara, bāḷaga. Ex. dēhābhimāna or dēhācā a0 jīvātmā dharitō. In this sense many elegant and expressive compounds are formed; but, as the number is indefinite and the variation but slight, they cannot be inserted in alphabetical order: still, that the method of combination may be seen, and the ability to combine be acquired, the following few examples are introduced and explained. adhikārābhimāna Pride of office; kulā- bhimāna Pride of birth or family; jātyabhimāna Pride of caste; dēśābhimāna Glorying in or zeal for one's country; national pride, patriotic ardor, patriotism; bhaktābhimāna, dāsābhimāna, putrābhimāna &c. Warmly espousing or making personal the cause of a worshiper, a servant, a son &c.; matā- bhimāna Fond maintenance of one's own notions; opinionativeness. dhanābhimāna, vidyābhimāna, śāstrā- bhimāna &c. 3 Claim laid to; pretensions set up to; profession made of; pride indulged or merit arrogated upon. v dhara, bāḷaga, bhōga, māna, kara, vāha. 4 It corresponds well with our words Honor, proper pride, lofty sense of propriety, noble feeling.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान).—1 Pride (in a good sense), self-respect, honourable or worthy feeling; सदाभिमानैकधना हि मानिनः (sadābhimānaikadhanā hi māninaḥ) Śiśupālavadha 1.67; त्यक्त्वा जातिकुलाभिमानमुचितम् (tyaktvā jātikulābhimānamucitam) Bhartṛhari 3.5. अभिमानधनस्य गत्वरैः (abhimānadhanasya gatvaraiḥ) Kirātārjunīya 2.19; संकल्पयोनेरभिमानभूतम् (saṃkalpayonerabhimānabhūtam) Kumārasambhava 3.24.
2) Selfconceit, pride, arrogance, haughtiness, egotism, highopinion of oneself; शिथिल° नाः संवृत्ताः (śithila° nāḥ saṃvṛttāḥ) M.2, Bhartṛhari 3.46, Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 16.4.; (atimānaḥ is another reading) °वत् (vat) proud, conceited.
3) Referring all objects to self, the act of अहंकार (ahaṃkāra), personality, misconception (mityājñānam), see अहंकार (ahaṃkāra).
4) Conceit, conception; supposition, belief, opinion; मुनिरस्मि निरागसः कुतो मे भयमित्येष न भूतयेऽभिमानः (munirasmi nirāgasaḥ kuto me bhayamityeṣa na bhūtaye'bhimānaḥ) Kirātārjunīya 13.7.
5) Knowledge, consciousness (buddhi, jñāna); साधारण्याभिमानतः (sādhāraṇyābhimānataḥ) S. D.
6) Affection, love.
7) Desire, wishing for.
8) Laying claim to.
9) Injury, Killing, seeking to injure.
1) A sort of state occasioned by love.
-nam Authority (pramāṇa); ये चरन्त्यभिमानानि सृष्टार्थ- मनुषङ्गिणः (ye carantyabhimānāni sṛṣṭārtha- manuṣaṅgiṇaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.168.23.
Derivable forms: abhimānaḥ (अभिमानः).
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Abhīmāna (अभीमान).—= अभिमान (abhimāna) q. v.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान).—m.
(-naḥ) 1. Pride, haughtiness. 2. Knowledge. 3. Affection. 4. Injury, hurting, killing. 5. Requesting. E. abhi, and mana to know, with ghañ affix, or mī to injure, and lyuṭ aff.
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Abhīmāna (अभीमान).—n.
(-naṃ) Pride. E. See abhimāna, the i being made long.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान).—i. e. abhi-man + a, m. 1. Referring existing objects to one’s own self, egotism, [Vedāntasāra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
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Abhīmāna (अभीमान).—abhīmāna = abhimāna.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान).—[masculine] = [preceding] [abstract]; self-conceit, arrogance, pride (p. vant); affection, love; conception, supposition, [especially] a false one.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Abhimāna (अभिमान):—[=abhi-māna] [from abhi-man] a m. intention to injure, insidiousness, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]
2) [v.s. ...] high opinion of one’s self, self-conceit, pride, haughtiness
3) [v.s. ...] (in Sāṃkhya [philosophy]) = abhi-mati, above
4) [v.s. ...] conception (especially an erroneous one regarding one’s self), [Sāhitya-darpaṇa] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] affection, desire
6) [v.s. ...] Name of a Ṛṣi in the sixth Manvantara, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
7) Abhīmāna (अभीमान):—[=abhī-māna] [from abhi-man] a See nir-abhīmāna.
8) Abhimāna (अभिमान):—[=abhi-māna] b See abhi-√man.
9) Abhīmāna (अभीमान):—[=abhī-māna] b See nir-abhīmāna.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldstücker Sanskrit-English DictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान):—[tatpurusha compound] m.
(-naḥ) 1) (In Philosophy.) Conceiving objects with the notion that they refer to one’s own self: the mental process which is the essential characteristic of ahaṅkāra (of the conception of ‘I’ or of the notion of personality) q. v.; e. g. Sāṅkhya Sūtra: abhimānohaṃkāraḥ (Vijnānāch.: ahaṃ karotītyahaṃkāraḥ kumbhakāravat . antaḥkaraṇadravyaṃ sa ca dharmadharmyabhedādabhimāna ityuktaḥ); or Vedānta Sāra: abhimānātmikāntaḥkaraṇavṛttirahaṃkāraḥ; and therefore in correct writing not identical with the philosophical term ahaṃkāra itself, although some authors use both words sometimes apparently as synonymes: Vijnānāch.: ahaṃkāraścābhimānavṛttikamantaḥkaraṇadravyaṃ na tvabhimānamātraṃ dravyasyaiva loke dravyopādānatvadarśanāt. Yet as the notion of personality in the orthodox philosophical systems is not our notion of self-consciousness, but the notion based on that condition of the mind which identifies the bodily personality or individual existence with the Absolute, and as this mental condition is held to lead to an erroneous conception of the absolute Truth, the terms ahaṃkāra and abhimāna have generally a negative bearing, the latter implying: ‘conceiving the wrong or erroneous idea that the objects of the world refer absolutely to one’s own bodily or individual self’; e. g. Viśvan. (on the Nyāya S. doṣanimittānāṃ tatvajñānādahaṃkāranivṛttiḥ): ahaṃkārohamityabhimānaḥ sa ca śarīrādiviṣayako mithyājñānamucyate (comp. the Siddhāntamuktāv.: ahaṃkārohamiti pratyayaḥ . tasyāśrayo viṣaya ātmani śarīrādiriti); or Sāṅkhyatattvak.: yatkhalvālocitaṃ mataṃ ca tatrāhamadhikṛtaḥ . śaktaḥ khalvahamatra . madarthā evāmī viṣayāḥ . matto nānyotrādhikṛtaḥ kaścidastyatohamasmīti yobhimānaḥ so’sādhāraṇavyāpāratvādahaṃkāraḥ.
2) Conception in general, but (like the preceding meaning) usually with an implied negative bearing: erroneous conception or belief, imagination, fancy; e. g. Nyāya Sūtras: sphaṭikānyatvābhimānavattadanyatvābhimānaḥ ‘as crystal is fancied to become different (from the proximity with objects it comes in contact with) so the mental activity is fancied to vary’; or svapnaviṣayābhimānavadayaṃ pramāṇaprameyābhimānaḥ ‘like the conceit of things in a dream, is the conceit of means of proof and objects of proof’; or mithyopalabdhivināśastattvajñānātsvapnaviṣayābhimānapraṇāśavatpratibodhe ‘false conception ceases through the knowledge of the Truth as the imagination of objects in a dream vanishes on awaking’; or Bhojadeva (on the Yoga S. vivekakhyātiºº): pratipakṣabhāvanābalādavidyāpravilaye nivṛttakartṛtvajñātṛtvābhimānāyā rajastamomalānabhibhūtāyā buddherantarmukhāyā yā cicchāyāsaṃkrāntiḥ sā vivekakhyātirityucyate ‘…of the intellect in which the conceit of being agent or knower has ceased…’; or Sāhityad.: utsāhādisamudbodhaḥ sādhāraṇyābhimānataḥ . nṛṇāmapi samudrādilaṅghanādau na duṣyati ‘…from imagining that the hero of a poem possesses universal powers’. Comp. also the inst. s. v. abhimanyamāna. (This use of the word reconciles its rendering jñāna by the Amarak., Hem., Bhūripr. &c., and ajñāna by the Medinī.)
3) Arrogance, self-conceit, pride (of family, wealth, superior qualities &c.; Ramānātha on the Amarak.: ādinā kulapaśuguṇādigrahaḥ); comp. ahaṅkāra; e. g. Śṛṅgāratil.: prāyo mūrkhaḥ paribhavavidhau nābhimānaṃ pidhatte; or Bhaṭṭik.: parāmṛśantaḥ prathitābhimānāḥ procuḥ prahastapramukhā daśāsyam.
4) Affection, (Amarak. &c. = praṇayaḥ; Mukuṭa: = prītiḥ).
5) Affectionate solicitation; (Ramānātha: = premṇā prārthanam).
6) Solicitation in general, wish, desire; (Svāmin, Nīlak.: = prārthanā); e. g. Vijnānāch.: mayānenendriyeṇedaṃ rūpādikaṃ bhoktavyamidameva sukhasādhanamityādyabhimānādevādisargeṣvindriyatadviṣayotpattyāhaṃkāra indriyādihetuḥ.
7) Injury, hurting, killing, desire of doing injury &c. (Amarak.: = hiṃsā, Bharata: = hanana; Sāyaṇa on the Śatap.: = hiṃsecchā). E. man (cl. 4) with abhi, kṛt aff. ghañ; or in the meanings 1-3, perhaps mā with abhi, kṛt aff. lyuṭ; for the affinity of both radicals see s. vv.
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Abhīmāna (अभीमान):—[tatpurusha compound] m.
(-naḥ) The same as abhimāna; with the second syllable protracted.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान):—[abhi-māna] (naḥ) 1. m. Pride; knowledge; affection; injury.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Abhimāna (अभिमान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Abhimāṇa, Ahimāṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryAbhimāna (अभिमान) [Also spelled abhiman]:—(nm) pride; vanity, arrogance.
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Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryAbhimāṇa (अभिमाण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Abhimāna.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusAbhimāna (ಅಭಿಮಾನ):—
1) [noun] proper respect for oneself; sense of one’s own dignity or worth; self-respect; pride.
2) [noun] the quality or state of being arrogant; overbearing pride or self-importance; arrogance.
3) [noun] the act or fact of irritating or being irritated; harm; annoyance.
4) [noun] love; affection.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+21): Abhimanabahula, Abhimanabhamga, Abhimanabhamjana, Abhimanacem Ghara Khalim Asatem, Abhimanacyuta, Abhimanacyute, Abhimanacyuti, Abhimanadhana, Abhimanagalla, Abhimanagedi, Abhimanagedu, Abhimanageduga, Abhimanagitti, Abhimanahani, Abhimanahina, Abhimanahine, Abhimanakshati, Abhimanameru, Abhimanamgidu, Abhimanamudita.
Ends with (+9): Acaryabhimana, Ahammamabhimana, Amdhabhimana, Anabhimana, Atmabhimana, Bahulabhimana, Dehabhimana, Deshabhimana, Durabhimana, Jatyabhimana, Kattabhimana, Korada Abhimana, Korada-abhimana, Kulabhimana, Mahabhimana, Matabhimana, Mattabhimana, Mithyabhimana, Nabhimana, Nirabhimana.
Full-text (+58): Abhimanas, Nirabhimana, Abhimanashalin, Abhimanashunya, Abhimanavat, Abhimanin, Abhimanata, Vyabhimana, Sabhimana, Abhiman, Kulabhimana, Abhimanavant, Abhimanika, Abhimanay, Abhibuddhi, Abhimati, Apimanakalattiram, Kulapimanam, Ahanta, Abhivimana.
Relevant text
Search found 53 books and stories containing Abhimana, Abhimāna, Abhīmāna, Abhi-mana, Abhi-māna, Abhī-māna, Abhimāṇa; (plurals include: Abhimanas, Abhimānas, Abhīmānas, manas, mānas, Abhimāṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.2.92 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 1.7.74-75 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]
Verse 1.2.60-62 < [Chapter 2 - Divya (the celestial plane)]
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 4.21 - Motion, stature, attachment and pride < [Chapter 4 - The Celestial Beings]
Bhajana-Rahasya (by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura Mahasaya)
Text 11 < [Chapter 5 - Pañcama-yāma-sādhana (Aparāhna-kālīya-bhajana–kṛṣṇa-āsakti)]
Text 8 < [Chapter 4 - Caturtha-yāma-sādhana (Madhyāhna-kālīya-bhajana–ruci-bhajana)]
Text 14 < [Chapter 5 - Pañcama-yāma-sādhana (Aparāhna-kālīya-bhajana–kṛṣṇa-āsakti)]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 16.4 < [Chapter 16 - Daivāsura-sampada-yoga]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.73.1 < [Sukta 73]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.18.25 < [Chapter 18 - Uddhava Hears the Gopīs’ Words and Returns to Mathurā]
Verse 2.9.21 < [Chapter 9 - Brahmā’s Prayers]
Verse 2.9.6 < [Chapter 9 - Brahmā’s Prayers]