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Hitopadesha [sanskrit]
8,857 words
The Sanskrit edition of the Hitopadesha referencing the English translation and grammatical analysis. Written by Narayana in the 8th century, the Hitopadesha represents a collection of short stories involving human and animal characters, instructing the reader on basic ancient Indian moral values and ethical conduct. Alternative titles: हितोपदेशः, Hitopadeśa, Hitopadesa.
Verse 2.182
राजा घृणी ब्राह्मणः सर्व-भक्षी स्त्री चावज्ञा दुष्प्रकृतिः सहायः ।
प्रेष्यः प्रतीपो ऽधिकृतः प्रमादी त्याज्या इमे यश् च कृतं न वेत्ति ॥ १८२ ॥
rājā ghṛṇī brāhmaṇaḥ sarva-bhakṣī strī cāvajñā duṣprakṛtiḥ sahāyaḥ |
preṣyaḥ pratīpo 'dhikṛtaḥ pramādī tyājyā ime yaś ca kṛtaṃ na vetti || 182 ||
The English translation of Hitopadesha Verse 2.182 is contained in the book The Hitopadesa of Sri Narayana Pandita by Satya Narayana dasa. This book is not available online so in order to read the full text and translation you should buy the book:
Buy now! English translation by Satya Narayana dasa (1997)
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.182). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Raja, Ghrini, Ghrinin, Brahmana, Sarva, Bhakshin, Bhakshi, Stri, Ajna, Dushprakriti, Sahaya, Preshya, Pratipa, Adhikrita, Pramadin, Pramadi, Iyam, Idam, Yah, Krit, Krita,
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Hitopadesha Verse 2.182). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “rājā ghṛṇī brāhmaṇaḥ sarva-bhakṣī strī cāvajñā duṣprakṛtiḥ sahāyaḥ ”
- rājā* -
-
rāja (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]rājā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- ghṛṇī -
-
ghṛṇi (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]ghṛṇi (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]ghṛṇin (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- brāhmaṇaḥ -
-
brāhmaṇa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- sarva -
-
sarva (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]sarva (noun, masculine)[vocative single]
- bhakṣī -
-
bhakṣin (noun, masculine)[nominative single]bhakṣi (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]bhakṣi (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- strī -
-
strī (noun, feminine)[compound], [nominative single]
- cāva -
-
ca (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- ajñā* -
-
ajña (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]ajñā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]√jñā (verb class 3)[aorist active second single]√jñā (verb class 9)[aorist active second single]
- duṣprakṛtiḥ -
-
duṣprakṛti (noun, feminine)[nominative single]duṣprakṛti (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- sahāyaḥ -
-
sahāya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “preṣyaḥ pratīpo 'dhikṛtaḥ pramādī tyājyā ime yaś ca kṛtaṃ na vetti ”
- preṣyaḥ -
-
preṣya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√preṣ -> preṣya (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √preṣ class 1 verb]
- pratīpo' -
-
pratīpa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- adhikṛtaḥ -
-
adhikṛta (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- pramādī -
-
pramādin (noun, masculine)[nominative single]pramādi (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]pramādi (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- tyājyā*i -
-
√tyaj (verb class 0)[imperative passive first single]
- im -
-
i (noun, masculine)[accusative single]
- ime -
-
iyam (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [accusative dual]idam (pronoun, masculine)[nominative plural]idam (pronoun, neuter)[nominative dual], [accusative dual]idam (pronoun, feminine)[nominative dual], [accusative dual]
- yaś -
-
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]ya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- kṛtam -
-
kṛta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]kṛta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]kṛtā (noun, feminine)[adverb]kṛt (noun, masculine)[accusative single]√kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]√kṛ -> kṛta (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]√kṛ (verb class 2)[imperative active second dual]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- vetti -
-
√vid (verb class 2)[present active third single]
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Hitopadesha Verse 2.182
The Hitopadesa of Narayana
by M. R. Kale (2015)
Edited with A Sanskrit Commentary "Marma-Prakasika" and Notes in English; 9788120806023; Published by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buy now!
Hitopadesa (in Gujarati)
by Dr. Narayan M. Kansara (2007)
[હિતોપદેશ]—[ડો. નારાયણ એમ. કંસારા] Sanskrit Text With Gujarati Translation; Published by Saraswati Pustak Bhandar, Ahmedabad
Buy now!Preview of verse 2.182 in Gujarati sript:
રાજા ઘૃણી બ્રાહ્મણઃ સર્વ-ભક્ષી સ્ત્રી ચાવજ્ઞા દુષ્પ્રકૃતિઃ સહાયઃ ।
પ્રેષ્યઃ પ્રતીપો ઽધિકૃતઃ પ્રમાદી ત્યાજ્યા ઇમે યશ્ ચ કૃતં ન વેત્તિ ॥ ૧૮૨ ॥