Paratantra, Para-tantra, Paratamtra: 14 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Samkhya
2. Purana
In Buddhism
1. Buddhist philosophy
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Paratantra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Samkhya (school of philosophy)

Source: Shodhganga: Prakrti and purusa in Samkhyakarika an analytical review

Paratantra (परतन्त्र, “dependent”).—That which depend on others for its existence and activities is called paratantra. The vyaktas (manifests) are dependent on some entity for their existence and activities and for this reason the vyaktas are called paratantra. This is what is meant by Vācaspati in saying—“paratantram buddhyādi...”, Māṭhara very clearly says—“paratantram parādhinam”, which means paratantra is dependence on others. Both of them explain, almost in similar fashion, the dependence of different vyaktas on other elements—either on another vyakta or on avyakta. As they say, all the effects are dependent on their respective causes.

context information

Samkhya (सांख्य, Sāṃkhya) is a dualistic school of Hindu philosophy (astika) and is closeley related to the Yoga school. Samkhya philosophy accepts three pramanas (‘proofs’) only as valid means of gaining knowledge. Another important concept is their theory of evolution, revolving around prakriti (matter) and purusha (consciousness).

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Paratantra (परतन्त्र) refers to “having been made subservient”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.29 (“Śivā-Śiva dialogue”).—Accordingly, as Śiva said to Pārvatī: “[...] O gentle lady, I, the independent, have been made subservient (paratantra) by you. You alone are the great illusory power, the Primordial nature that creates. This entire universe has been made of illusion; it is held by the supreme soul with His great intellect. It is united and enveloped by the Gaṇas of the nature of pervading souls of meritorious deeds, akin to the nature of supreme soul. [...]”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

In Buddhism

Buddhist philosophy

Source: academia.edu: A Critical Edition of the Khyāti Section of the Nyāyamañjarī (bp)

Paratantra (परतन्त्र) refers to the “real world”.—The ultimate truth for Yogācāras, however, is beyond dravyasat (“causally existent”). It is emptiness (śūnyatā) or consciousness only (vijñaptimātra), i.e., the fact that there is no imagined thing (parikalpita) in the real world (paratantra). In other words, the ultimate truth is that there is nothing external which corresponds to cognition and that cognition alone exists. This sphere is inef fable and only the domain of the supernatural cognition (lokottarajñāna) of enlightened ones.

context information

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

paratantra (परतंत्र).—a (S) Subject to another.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

paratantra (परतंत्र).—a Subject to another.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Paratantra (परतन्त्र).—a. dependent on another, dependent, subservient.

Paratantra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms para and tantra (तन्त्र).

--- OR ---

Paratantra (परतन्त्र).—(a common group of) subsidiaries belonging to another; जैमिनेः परतन्त्रापत्तेः स्वतन्त्रप्रतिषेधः स्यात् (jaimineḥ paratantrāpatteḥ svatantrapratiṣedhaḥ syāt) MS.12.1.8. (see tantram).

Derivable forms: paratantram (परतन्त्रम्).

Paratantra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms para and tantra (तन्त्र).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Paratantra (परतन्त्र).—dependent on something else, as one of the three svabhāva, q.v., in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra: explained Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 67.15; mentioned 130.9; Suzuki, relative knowledge or relativity; the same triad called lakṣaṇa, q.v., in Mahāvyutpatti and Asaṅga (Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra); paratantra-l° Mahāvyutpatti 1664; °trasya lakṣaṇaṃ Asaṅga (Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra) xi.40 (Lévi, indice du relatif).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paratantra (परतन्त्र).—mfn.

(-ntraḥ-ntrā-ntraṃ) Subservient, obedient, dependant. E. para another, tantra will.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

Parātantra (परातन्त्र) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—tantra. Cu. add. 1477. Io. 1412.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Paratantra (परतन्त्र):—[=para-tantra] [from para] n. a rule or formula for another rite, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]

2) [v.s. ...] mf(ā)n. dependent on or subject to an°, obedient (opp. to sva-t), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature; Suśruta] etc.

3) [v.s. ...] n. ([in the beginning of a compound]) dependence on an°’s will, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]

4) Pāratantra (पारतन्त्र):—[=pāra-tantra] [from pāra] [wrong reading] for trya.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paratantra (परतन्त्र):—[para-tantra] (ntraḥ-ntrā-ntraṃ) a. Dependent.

[Sanskrit to German]

Paratantra in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Parataṃtra (ಪರತಂತ್ರ):—

1) [noun] the condition of being ruled by an outsider, esp. a foreigner or a foreign country.

2) [noun] the condition of relying on another or others for sustenance without making any useful contribution or return; parasitism.

3) [noun] he who lives so; a parasite.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Search found 22 books and stories containing Paratantra, Para-tantra, Parātantra, Parā-tantra, Pāratantra, Pāra-tantra, Paratamtra, Parataṃtra; (plurals include: Paratantras, tantras, Parātantras, Pāratantras, Paratamtras, Parataṃtras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

The existence of mind is only from empirical (samvṛti) standpoint < [Chapter 6: A Study of Māṇḍūkya Kārikā: Alātaśānti Prakaraṇa]

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Chapter 24 - Kālīkrama (according to the seventh chapter of the Parātantra) < [Summary of the Vārāhī Tantra]

Chapter 23 - Prayoga (the application of the Sādhanā of a deity) < [Summary of the Vārāhī Tantra]

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Pasuram 4.5.7 < [Section 5 - Fifth Tiruvaymoli (Virriruntu el ulakum)]

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