Parasa, Parasha, Paraśa, Parāsa: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Parasa means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Paraśa can be transliterated into English as Parasa or Parasha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)Parāśa (पराश) [=Palāśa?] refers to one of the items offered to the nine planets (navagraha), according to the grahaśānti (cf. grahayajña) section of the Yājñavalkyasmṛti (1.295-309), preceded by the section called vināyakakalpa (1.271-294), prescribing a rite to be offered to Vināyaka.—[verse 302-303: Faggots to be burned]—These two verses prescribe different faggots to be burned for grahas with offerings of honey, ghee, dadhi, and milk. It is interesting to note that some of the faggots (i.e. parāśa, khadira, pippala, and śamī) mentioned here are also used in the Suśrutasaṃhitā in the context (Uttaratantra chapters 27-37) of curing the diseases caused by grahas, which, in this case, are not planetary. [verse 304-305: Cooked rice (odana) to be offered to grahas]
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraPārasa (पारस) refers to a sub-division of the Mlecchas: one of the two-fold division of men born in Mānuṣottara and in the Antaradvīpas, situated in the “middle world” (madhyaloka), according to chapter 2.3 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly:—“In these 35 zones on this side of Mānuṣottara and in the Antaradvīpas, men arise by birth; on the mountains, Meru, etc., by kidnapping and power of learning, in the 2½ continents and in 2 oceans. [...]. From the division into Āryas and Mlecchas they are two-fold. [...] The Mlecchas—[e.g., the Pārasas, ...] and other non-Āryas also are people who do not know even the word ‘dharma’”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha (history)Pārasa (पारस) is Persian name given to the Sassanian rulers upto their extinction by Muslims in the 7th century (and continued even later), according to the 8th-century Kuvalayamālā written by Uddyotanasūri, a Prakrit Campū (similar to Kāvya poetry) narrating the love-story between Prince Candrāpīḍa and the Apsaras Kādambarī.—The Kuvalayamala (779 A.D.) is full of cultural material which gains in value because of the firm date of its composition. [...] On page 2.9 occurs a list of peoples in a country in which persons are born: [i.e., Pārasa] [...]
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Parasa in India is the name of a plant defined with Butea monosperma in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Rudolphia frondosa (Willd.) Poir. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany (1996)
· Cytologia (1989)
· Prodr. (DC.) (1825)
· Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique (1786)
· Familles des Plantes (1763)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Parasa, for example health benefits, pregnancy safety, side effects, diet and recipes, extract dosage, chemical composition, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryparasa (परस).—n An enclosure around a house, a compound or yard; esp. the back-part. paramāntīla bhājī f (The greens of one's own backyard. ) A phrase of great contempt for a person, a business, an object, considered as easy to be mastered, performed, attained, acquired.
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parasa (परस).—conj (For parīsa) Than.
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parasa (परस).—m n (Corr. from puruṣa S) The measure of a man; a man's height.
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parasā (परसा).—m C A fire of sticks and straws or of wood; any loose or open fire.
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pārasa (पारस).—m ( H) The philosopher's stone. See parīsa.
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pārasā (पारसा).—a For this word and its compounds see pārōsā.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishparasa (परस).—n A yard. parasātīla bhājī f A phrase of great contempt for a person, a business, an object, considered as easy to be mastered, performed, attained.
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parasā (परसा).—m A fire of sticks and straws.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryParaśa (परश).—A kind of stone or gem, the touch of which is said to turn other metals, such as iron, into gold; perhaps the philosopher's stone.
Derivable forms: paraśaḥ (परशः).
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Parāsa (परास).—The range of anything thrown.
-sam Tin.
Derivable forms: parāsaḥ (परासः).
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Pārasa (पारस).—(-sī f.) Persian.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryParaśa (परश).—m.
(-śaḥ) A kind of stone, the touch of which turns iron into gold, the philosopher’s stone.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPārasa (पारस).—[feminine] ī Persian, [feminine] ī (±bhāṣā) the Persian language.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Paraśa (परश):—m. a species of gem, [Brahma-purāṇa]
2) Parāsa (परास):—[from parās] m. the range or distance of anything thrown, [Śāṅkhāyana-śrauta-sūtra]
3) [v.s. ...] n. tin, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) Pārasa (पारस):—mf(ī)n. Persian
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryParaśa (परश):—(śaṃ) 1. n. A gem.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pārasa (पारस) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Pārasa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Parasā (परसा):—(nm) see [paraśu].
2) Parāsa (परास):—(nf) range.
3) Pārasa (पारस) [Also spelled paras]:—(nm) the mythical (philosopher’s) stone which is said to convert iron into gold by mere touch; an object of unusual merits; also—[patthara] (nm); ~[maṇi] (nf).
4) Pārasā (पारसा):—(a) chaste (woman), of moral purity, of unimpeachable character; hence ~[ī] (nf).
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Parasa (परस) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Dṛś.
2) Pārasa (पारस) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pārasa.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusParasa (ಪರಸ):—[noun] = ಪರಸೆ [parase].
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Parasa (ಪರಸ):—[noun] a barbed missile or dart.
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Parāṣa (ಪರಾಷ):—[noun] a servant appointed for menial work.
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Pārasa (ಪಾರಸ):—[noun] = ಪಾರಶಿಕ - [parashika -] 1.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+113): Para-camayakolari, Paracai, Paracaivan, Paracaiyokam, Paracalam, Paracamayam, Paracanan, Paracaram, Paracaran, Paracarapattar, Paracarasmiruti, Paracarecam, Paracariyam, Paracavam, Paracavan, Parasablut, Parasabukong, Parasabukung, Parasadanem, Parasadara.
Ends with: Amritakalparasa, Aparasa, Arasaparasa, Caparasa, Goparasa, Karparasha, Koparasa, Pushparasa, Rasoparasa, Shamyaparasa, Suparasa, Uparasa.
Full-text (+6): Pirasa, Parashu, Paras, Parashi, Parasikeya, Paravyadha, Parasiprakosha, Shamyaparasa, Parasin, Parasijataka, Parasikataila, Parasiprakasha, Parasinamamala, Parasivinoda, Mridusara, Nuda, Parasikayamani, Parasika, Parshvanatha, Parushyalipi.
Relevant text
Search found 9 books and stories containing Parasa, Parasā, Pārasa, Pārasā, Parasha, Paraśa, Parāsa, Pārāsa, Parāṣa; (plurals include: Parasas, Parasās, Pārasas, Pārasās, Parashas, Paraśas, Parāsas, Pārāsas, Parāṣas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 30: Mlecchas < [Chapter III - The initiation and omniscience of Ajita]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.7.179 < [Chapter 7 - Śrī Viśvarūpa Takes Sannyāsa]
Verse 3.5.318 < [Chapter 5 - The Pastimes of Nityānanda]
Verse 3.9.336 < [Chapter 9 - The Glories of Advaita]
Vivekachudamani (by Shankara)
Ishavasya Upanishad with Shankara Bhashya (Sitarama) (by S. Sitarama Sastri)
Mundaka Upanishad with Shankara’s Commentary (by S. Sitarama Sastri)
Verse 1.2.13 < [Mundaka I, Khanda II]