Kuranga, Kuraṅga, Kurāṅga, Kuramga: 28 definitions
Introduction:
Kuranga means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to a type of Jāṅghala meat and is mentioned as being beneficial (hita) to the body according to the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—The dravyaguṇāguṇa section contains the discussions on different food articles and their dietetic effects according to the prominent Ayurvedic treatises. Here In the māṃsa (meats) group Kuraṅga is mentioned as beneficial to the body (hita).
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to the Four-horned anlelope (Tetracerus Quadricornis), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) is a Sanskrit word referring to the “roe deer”. The meat of this animal is part of the māṃsavarga (‘group of flesh’), which is used throughout Ayurvedic literature. The animal Kuraṅga is part of the sub-group named Jāṅgalamṛga, refering to “animals living in forests”. It was classified by Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. Caraka defined such groups (vargas) based on the dietic properties of the substance.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग)—Sanskrit word for “antelope” or “chowsinga” (Tetracerus quadricornis). This animal is from the group called Jaṅghāla (large-kneed). Jaṅghāla itself is a sub-group of the group of animals known as Jāṅghala (living in high ground and in a jungle)
Those (species of deer), that are neither red nor black, are designated as Kuranga.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—One of the mountains which encircle Mahāmeru. (Devī Bhāgavata, 8th Skandha).
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—A mountain on the base of Meru.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 16. 26.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to the animal “Four horned antelope” (Tetracerus quadricornis).—The Smṛtis mention several domestic as well as wild animals that are enumerated in context of specifying expiation for killing them, the flesh being used as a dietary article to give satisfaction to the Manes (Pitṛs) in Śrāddha rites, the law of transmigration due to various sins committed as well as in the context of specifying gifts to be given on various occasions. These animals [viz., Kuraṅga] are chiefly mentioned in the Manusmṛti, Parāśarasmṛti [Chap.6], Gautamasmṛti [17.2 and 15.1], Śātātapasmṛti [II.45-54], Uśānasmṛti [IX.7-9; IX.12-13], Yājñavalkyasmṛti [I.170-171; I.175; I.258- 260], Viṣṇusmṛti [51.3;51.6;51.26;51.33;80.3-14], Uttarāṅgirasasmṛti [X.15-17], Prajāpatismṛti [Śrāddhatyājyavastuvarṇanam. 138-143], 9 Kāśyapasmṛti [Section on Prāyaścittavarṇanam], Vṛddha Hārītasmṛti [6.253-255] and Kātyāyanasmṛti [27.11].
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) or Kuraṅgeśa is the name of the God associated with Pūrṇagiri, one of the sacred seats (pīṭha), according to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—On the basis of hardly more than a hint in the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, it outlines a scheme of sixteen parts for each seat, conscious, no doubt, that this is an ideal number. The commentary normally limits itself to do no more than explain what is presented in the text. This is one of the few instances it adds substantially to its contents [i.e., the Gods—Kuraṅgeśa]. Presumably this is because when it was written the presentation of the features of the seats on this model was the accepted norm.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to a “deer”, according to the King Vatsarāja’s Pūjāstuti called the Kāmasiddhistuti (also Vāmakeśvarīstuti), guiding one through the worship of the Goddess Nityā.—Accordingly, “[...] Her body is beautiful and bears the hue of vermillion. Its middle part is slim, [and] she is the repository of beauty. She is slightly bent like a young elephant because of her pitcher-like breasts, resembling the temples of a young elephant. Her eyes are moving and wide like those of a deer (cala-kuraṅga). She is moon-faced, her smiles are gentle, and she serves as the felicitous banner of the Love-god. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Kavya (poetry)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to “antelope”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 225-226).—Accordingly, while describing the shire of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, “[Then follows the image of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, which matches the conception of Kālarātri in the passage from the Mahābhārata:] [...] she bore the coquettish apparel of a woman going out to meet Mahākāla at night, with a vine-like body furnished with a raiment reddened with saffron-dye, with a face with red eyes, whose brows were furrowed into a frown, whose lip was crimsoned with betel that was blood, whose cheeks were reddened by the light shed from ear-ornaments of pomegranate flowers, with a forehead on which there was a tilaka dot of vermillion made by a Śabara beauty, covered by a magnificent gold turban. She was worshipped by goats... mice... antelope (kuraṅga) and black serpents... She was praised on all sides by flocks of old crows; [...]”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shyanika-shastra (the science of Hawking and Hunting)
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) refers to “deer” (which were commonly the victim of hunting), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[Hunting by snares] [...] is useful in the capturing of elephants, etc. Therefore kings should also have recourse to it as it is exceedingly profitable. [...] When, on account of their training, deer (kuraṅga) capture deer [kuraṅgāṃśca kuraṅgāśca], and birds capture birds, that is also included under this head”.=
Shyanika-shastra (श्यैनिकशास्त्र, śyainikaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian skill of hawking/falconry (one of the ways of hunting) which were laid down in a systematic manner in various Sanskrit treatises. It also explains the philosophy behind how the pleasures derived from sense-experience could lead the way to liberation.
India history and geography
Kurāṅga is the name of a locality corresponding to modern Kurang, as mentioned in the “Alarpur of Narasiṃha II” (1294 A. D.). They are all situtated in the vicinity of one another in the Cuttack District (see Survey of India map, sheet No. 73 H/15).
These copper plate (mentioning Kurāṅga) were found while digging the foundation for a house in the village Alalpur. The grant was made by king Narasiṃha II in february 1294 A.D. It's object was to increase the king’s longevity, health, wealth and majesty.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Kuranga in Sri Lanka is the name of a plant defined with Atalantia racemosa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Fl. Bombay (1903)
· Flora of the Presidency of Madras (1997)
· Hook. Journ. Bot. (1834)
· Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France (1928)
· Fl. Maharashtra (1996)
· Prodr. Flora Indica, or ‘Descriptions of Indian Plants’ Orient. (1834)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kuranga, for example extract dosage, health benefits, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kuraṅga (कुरंग).—m (S) A deer or an antelope.
kuraṅga (कुरंग).—m A deer. kuraṅganayanā f A female having fawn's eyes, i.e., a beauty.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—(-ṅgī f.)
1) A deer in general; तन्मे ब्रूहि कुरङ्ग कुत्र भवता किं नाम तप्तं तपः (tanme brūhi kuraṅga kutra bhavatā kiṃ nāma taptaṃ tapaḥ) Śānti.1.14,4.6; लवङ्गी कुरङ्गी- दृगङ्गीकरोतु (lavaṅgī kuraṅgī- dṛgaṅgīkarotu) Jag.
2) A species of deer (kuraṅga īṣattāmraḥ syāddhariṇākṛtiko mahān).
3) The spot in the moon.
Derivable forms: kuraṅgaḥ (कुरङ्गः).
--- OR ---
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—q. v.
See also (synonyms): kuraṅgaka, kuraṅgama.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—m.
(-ṅgaḥ) A deer, an antelope. E. kur to sound, aṅgac Unadi aff.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—I. m. An antelope, [Pañcatantra] 114, 18. Ii. f. gī, A female antelope, [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 9, 11. Iii. m. The name of a mountain, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 5, 16, 27.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग).—[masculine] a kind of antelope, antelope i.[grammar], [feminine] ī a female antelope.
1) Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग):—m. (√1. kṝ, [Uṇādi-sūtra i, 120]), a species of antelope, antelope or deer (in general), [Suśruta; Pañcatantra] etc.
2) (hence like mṛga) the spot in the moon, [Prasannarāghava]
3) Name of a mountain, [Mahābhārata xiii, 1699; Bhāgavata-purāṇa v, 16, 27]
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग):—(ṅgaḥ) 1. m. A deer or antelope.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग):—m. [Die Uṇādi-Affixe 1, 120.]
1) eine Antilopenart und Antilope überh. [Amarakoṣa 2, 5, 8. 3, 4, 26, 196.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1293.] [Suśruta 1, 73, 6. 200, 8. 17. 228, 12. 2, 412, 4.] [Pañcatantra 144, 18.] [Śihlana’s Śāntiśataka 1, 14. 4, 6.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 43, 5.] kuraṅganayanā [Caurapañcāśikā 19.] kuraṅgī f. Antilopenweibchen: dṛś [Gītagovinda 9, 11. 12, 16.] Wenn die Form kuraṃgama nicht erst aus kuraṅga sich entwichelt haben sollte, müssten wir kuraṅga in kuram + ga zerlegen. kuram könnte als absolut. von 3. kar erklärt werden, dann wäre die Antilope darnach benannt worden, dass sie beim Gehen ihr Futter umherstreute; vgl. [Śākuntala 7], wo aber die verfolgte Antilope solches aus Müdigkeit thut. Die ältere Form kuluṅga scheint jedoch diesen Erklärungsversuch nicht zu unterstützen. —
2) Nomen proprium eines Berges [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 5, 16, 27] und wohl auch [Mahābhārata 13, 1699] : karatoyāṃ kuraṅge ca trirātropoṣito naraḥ . aśvamedhamavāpnoti vigāhya prayataḥ śuciḥ ..
--- OR ---
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग):—
3) f. ī Nomen proprium einer Tochter Prasenajit's [Kathāsaritsāgara 112, 89.] —
4) m. oder n. Nomen proprium einer Gegend [Oxforder Handschriften 339,b,21.]
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग):——
1) m. — a) eine Antilopenart und Antilope überh. [Bhāvaprakāśa 1,143.] Auch vom Flecken im Monde (wie mṛga u.s.w) [Jayadeva's Prasannarāghava 106,10.] — b) Nomen proprium eines Berges. —
2) f. ī — a) Antilopenweibchen [Indische sprüche 7679.] — b) Nomen proprium einer Tochter Prasenajit's.
Kuraṅga (कुरङ्ग) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kuraṃga.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Kuraṃga (कुरंग) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Kuraṅga.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kuraṃga (ಕುರಂಗ):—[noun] = ಕುರಂದ [kuramda].
--- OR ---
Kuraṃga (ಕುರಂಗ):—
1) [noun] any of a family (Cervidae) of ruminants, including the elk, moose, and reindeer; a deer, esp. the smaller species, as the white-tailed deer and mule deer.
2) [noun] a small, hornless deer (Moschus moschiferus) the male of which secretes musk and has tusk like upper canines; the musk deer.
3) [noun] the black-spot on the moon.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Pali-English dictionary
kuraṅga (ကုရင်္ဂ) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[ku+raṅga+a．kuyaṃ pathaviyaṃ raṅgatītikuraṅgo．,ṭī．617．]
[ကု+ရင်္ဂ+အ။ ကုယံ ပထဝိယံ ရင်္ဂတီတိကုရင်္ဂေါ။ ဓာန်၊ဋီ။၆၁၇။]
[Pali to Burmese]
kuraṅga—
(Burmese text): (၁) ဒရယ်။ (၂) သမင်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Dandelion. (2) Elephant.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Ranga, Ku, Jue, A.
Starts with (+7): Kuramgadhara, Kuramgambaki, Kuramgamudre, Kuramganetre, Kuramgaripu, Kuranga-mada, Kurangadi, Kurangajaya, Kurangaka, Kurangakshetra, Kurangakshi, Kurangalanchana, Kurangalocana, Kurangama, Kurangamanchil, Kurangamiga, Kuranganabhi, Kuranganaina, Kuranganayana, Kuranganetra.
Full-text (+24): Kuranganayana, Kurangakshi, Kuranganabhi, Kuranganetra, Kasturikakuranga, Kurangalocana, Kurangalanchana, Kuranga-mada, Kurangavadhu, Kurangamiga, Kurangaka, Kurankam, Kurangama, Upakuranga, Kulanga, Kasturikuranga, Kuramgaripu, Kuramgadhara, Kuramganetre, Kuramgamudre.
Relevant text
Search found 35 books and stories containing Kuranga, Kuraṅga, Kurāṅga, Kuramga, Kuraṃga, Ku-ranga-a, Ku-raṅga-a; (plurals include: Kurangas, Kuraṅgas, Kurāṅgas, Kuramgas, Kuraṃgas, as). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 682 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 432 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Page 95 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa (by Dhrubajit Sarma)
Part 7 - Examination of language from literary perspectives < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
Part 4b - Chandas (2): Jāti type of metre (mātrāchandas) < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.28 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 11.10 < [Chapter 11 - Additional Ornaments]
Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study) (by G. D. Jayalakshmi)
Analysis of Lord Parameśvara < [Chapter 6 - Dramatic aspects of the Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
Hanuman Nataka (critical study) (by Nurima Yeasmin)
8. Padalālitya in the Hanumannāṭaka < [Chapter 4]
7. Information of Various Flora and Fauna < [Chapter 5]