Hemacandra, Heman-candra: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Hemacandra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Hemachandra.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र):—Son of Viśāla (one of the three sons of Tṛṇabindu). He had a son named Dhūmrākṣa. (see Bhāgavata Purāṇa 9.2.34)
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र).—A King, son of King Viśāla and father of Sucandra. (Bhāgavata, 9th Skandha).
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र).—A son of Viśāla and father of Sucandra (Candra, Viṣṇu-purāṇa).*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 2. 34; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 61. 13; Vāyu-purāṇa 86. 17-8; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 1. 50. 51.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र) (1088-1173 C.E.), famous Jain author, has contributed a lot to the study of Sanskrit Prosody by way of writing his monumental work Chandonuśāsana. He was well versed in Sanskrit, Prakrita and Apabhraṃśa literatures. He was born in a village called Dhundhukā, situated at the south-western corner of Ahmedabad, the present capital city of Gujurat. The name of the village is otherwise known as Dhundhukkanagara and Dhundhukapura.
Hemacandra was the son of Cāciga of Moḍhavaṃśa and Pāhiṇī. The Moḍha family hailed from a village called Moḍherā. The presiding deity (kuladevatā) of this family was goddess Cāmuṇḍā and kula-yakṣa was Gonasa. His mother Pāhiṇī was a Jain, while his father was a Śaivaite. The childhood name of Hemacandra was Cāṅgadeva. He was also a disciple of Devacandra. Hemacandra received the patronage of Jayasiṃha Siddharāja (1094-1143 C.E.) and his successor Kumārapāla of Anhilvid of Gujarat. He initiated Kumārapāla into Jainism. Hemacandra was offered to Devacandra to serve Jainism when he was five years of age, being named as Somacandra. After becoming a Sūri, he was renamed as Hemacandra.
Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
1) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र) or “Hemacandra Maladhārin” is the author of the Puṣpamālāprakaraṇa (dealing with the Ethics section of Jain Canonical literature), which is included in the collection of manuscripts at the ‘Vincenzo Joppi’ library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.
2) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र) is also the author of the Vīradvātriṃśikā, the Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacarit, the Mahādevastavana and the Abhidhānacintāmaṇināmamālā.
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र) is the compiler of the Yogaśāstra: a Jain treatise dealing with Yoga and the highest reality (tattva).—Accordingly, “[This] Upaniṣad of Yoga, which is a cause of wonder in the mind of the assembly of the wise, was known from scripture, from the mouth of a good Guru and a little from experience in various places. Because of the profuse requesting of the Caulukya king, Kumārapāla, it was placed in the realm of words by his teacher, the honourable Hemacandra. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र).—Name of a celebrated Jaina lexicographer (of the 11th century).
Derivable forms: hemacandraḥ (हेमचन्द्रः).
Hemacandra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms heman and candra (चन्द्र).
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र).—[masculine] [Name] of a king & a celebrated scholar.
1) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—pupil of Devacandra Sūri, teacher of king Kumārapāla, was born in 1092 and died in 1173: Anekārthakośa or Anekārthasaṃgraha. Anekārthaśeṣa. Abhidhānacintāmaṇi and—[commentary]. Alaṃkāracūḍāmaṇi or Kāvyānuśāsana and vṛtti. Uṇādisūtravṛtti. Chandonuśāsana and vṛtti. Deśīnāmamālā or Deśīśabdasaṃgraha and vṛtti. Dhātupāṭha and vṛtti. Dhātupārāyaṇa and vṛtti. Dhātumālā. Nighaṇṭuśeṣa. Balābalasūtrabṛhadvṛtti. Bālabhāṣāvyākaraṇasūtravṛtti (?). Vibhramasūtra, hardly by him. Śabdānuśāsana and vṛtti. Śeṣasaṃgrahanāmamālā and Śeṣasaṃgrahasāroddhāra. He is quoted in the Ārhatadarśana of the Sarvadarśanasaṃgraha Oxf. 247^b. One poor strophe of his has found its way into [Subhāshitāvali by Vallabhadeva]
2) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र):—Liṅgānuśāsana.
3) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र):—Ekākṣaranāmamālā.
1) Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र):—[=hema-candra] [from hema > heman] mfn. decorated with a g° crescent (as a chariot), [Rāmāyaṇa]
2) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a king (son of Viśāla), [ib.; Purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] of a celebrated Jaina author (pupil of Deva-candra Sūri and teacher of king Kumāra-pāla; he lived between 1089 and 1173 A.D. and is the author of a great many works, [especially] of the Anekārtha-keśa, the Abhidhānacintāmaṇi, the Uṇādi-sūtra-vṛtti, the Deśī-nāmamālā, a Saṃskṛt and Prākṛt grammar etc.)
Hemacandra (हेमचन्द्र):—m. Nomen proprium
1) eines Fürsten, eines Sohnes des Viśāla, [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 47, 13 (48, 15 Gorresio).] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 354.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 9, 2, 34.] —
2) eines gelehrten Jaina, der wahrscheinlich im 12ten Jahrh. n. Chr. lebte und eine Menge von Werken verfasste, unter andern auch zwei Wörterbücher. [Colebrooke.2,44 u.s.w.] [WILSON, Sel. Works 1,225 u.s.w.] [SARVADARŚANAS. 39,2.] [Oxforder Handschriften 113,b,10. 162,b,32. 170,a, No. 378. fg. b, No. 380. 179,a, No. 410. 183,a,4. 184. fgg., No. 422. fgg. 196,a, No. 454.b, No. 456. 211,a,9. 10.] sein Yogaśāstra herausgegeben von [ERNST WINDISCH] in [morgenländischen Gesellschaft 28, 185. fgg.] — Vgl. haimacandri .
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Hema, Candra.
Starts with: Hemacandracarya.
Full-text (+35453): Dhavala, Shala, Channa, Kitta, Calaka, Kakaca, Tara, Shati, Kali, Vitti, Rohita, Cinta, Kamada, Vibhramasutra, Campa, Hema, Dharana, Mandi, Pitha, Cunda.
Relevant text
Search found 82 books and stories containing Hemacandra, Heman-candra, Hema-candra; (plurals include: Hemacandras, candras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Introduction to volume 6 < [Introductions]
Appendix 4.1: additional notes < [Appendices]
Appendix 3.1: additional notes < [Appendices]
Studies in Indian Literary History (by P. K. Gode)
4. Mammata and Hemacandra < [Volume 1 (1945)]
6. Date of Natyadarpana of Ramachandra < [Volume 1 (1945)]
18. Date of the Grammarian Bhimasena < [Volume 1 (1945)]
Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)
Chapter 3 - The history of Svabhavokti in Sanskrit poetics
Mahapurana of Puspadanta (critical study) (by Ratna Nagesha Shriyan)
Part 4.4 - Views of modern scholars about Hemachandra’s Desinamamala < [Part 1 - Introduction]
Part 4.5 - Description and scope of Hemachandra’s Desinamamala < [Part 1 - Introduction]
Part 4.3 - Hemachandra’s concept of Deshi < [Part 1 - Introduction]
Alamkaras mentioned by Vamana (by Pratim Bhattacharya)
16: Alaṃkāra-śāstra according to Hemacandra (12th century) < [Chapter 2 - The concept of alaṃkāra in Sanskrit Poetics]
19-20: Alaṃkāra-śāstra according to Vāgbhaṭa (12th and 14th Century) < [Chapter 2 - The concept of alaṃkāra in Sanskrit Poetics]
16: Definition of Parivṛtti Alaṃkāra < [Chapter 4 - Arthālaṃkāras mentioned by Vāmana]
Vasantavilasa of Balachandra Suri (translation and study) (by R. T. Bhat)
Part 2.8 - Biography of Kumarapala (A.D. 1143-1172) < [Chapter 2 - History of Chaulukyas up to Vastupala]
Part 2.7 - Biography of Jayasimha Siddharaja (A.D.1093-1133) < [Chapter 2 - History of Chaulukyas up to Vastupala]
Footnotes and References for chapter 2 < [Chapter 2 - History of Chaulukyas up to Vastupala]