Bhringa, Bhṛṅga, Bhrimga: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Bhringa means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Bhṛṅga can be transliterated into English as Bhrnga or Bhringa, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstraBhṛṅga (न्हृङ्ग).—The name of a plant, possibly identified with Eclipta alba. It is used in various alchemical processess related to mercury (rasa or liṅga), according to the Rasārṇavakalpa (11th-century work dealing with Rasaśāstra).
Rasashastra (रसशास्त्र, rasaśāstra) is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: Mankhaka a sanskrit literary geniusBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) was one of the brothers of Maṅkhaka (or Maṅkha or Maṅkhuka): the author of the Śrīkaṇṭhacarita and the Maṅkhakośa.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: academia.edu: The Yoga of the MālinīvijayottaratantraBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) refers to one of the ten kinds of sounds (śabda) according to the Matsyendrasaṃhitā.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) refers to a “golden vase”, which is mentioned as an item of wealth in order to demonstrate the wicked nature of gambling (durodara), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.17.—Accordingly, “[...] O mistress! where is that gambling rogue of a son, Guṇanidhi? Or let it be. Why should I ask for him? [...] That gem-set (maṇimaṇḍita) golden vase (bhṛṅga) which I had given you is also missing. That tripod with a velvet cushion which I had given you is nowhere to be seen. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Shodhganga: Edition translation and critical study of yogasarasamgrahaBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) is another name for “Bhṛṅgarāja” and is dealt with in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning bhṛṅga] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).
Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical studyBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) refers to the Bimaculated lark (Melanocorypha bimaculata), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (architecture)Bhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) (or Bhṛṅgadeva) refers to one of the deities to be installed in the ground plan for the construction of houses, according to the Bṛhatkālottara, chapter 112 (the vāstuyāga-paṭala).—The plan for the construction is always in the form of a square. That square is divided into a grid of cells (padas). [...] Once these padas have been laid out, deities [e.g., Bhṛṅga] are installed in them. In the most common pattern 45 deities are installed.
Bhṛṅga as a doorway deity is associated with the Nakṣatra called Aśvinī and the consequence is dainya. [...] The Mayasaṃgraha (verse 5.156-187) describes a design for a 9-by-9-part pura, a residential complex for a community and its lead figure. [...] This record lists a lace for teaching the śāstras (vyākhyānasaṃśrayaḥ) at Bhṛṅga.
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) refers to one of the ten kinds of wishing-trees (kalpa), according to chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra (“lives of the 63 illustrious persons”): a Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three important persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, “[...] among the Utttarakuras the land is naturally beautiful, with sand as sweet as sugar and waters resembling autumn-moonlight. Ten kinds of wishing-trees [viz., Bhṛṅga] always give to the people whatever they desire without effort on their part. [...] the Bhṛṅgas give dishes, [...] These give definite objects, and also indefinite ones; and other wishing-trees there give all things desired. [...]”.
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) refers to a “bee”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Alone [the living soul] who is very wise becomes a god [like] a bee on a lotus [like] the face of a woman (strīmukha-ambhoja-bhṛṅga). Alone, being cut by swords, he appropriates a hellish embryo. Alone the one who is ignorant, driven by the fire of anger, etc., does action. Alone [the living soul] enjoys the empire of knowledge in the avoidance of all mental blindness. [Thus ends the reflection on] solitariness”.
Synonyms: Bhramara.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Bhrnga in India is the name of a plant defined with Cinnamomum verum in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Camphora mauritiana Lukman. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Botanist’s Repository (1808)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Nomenclature et Iconographie des Canneliers et Camphriers (1889)
· Flora de Filipinas (1837)
· Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië (1826)
· Plantae Asiaticae Rariores (1831)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Bhrnga, for example side effects, pregnancy safety, health benefits, chemical composition, diet and recipes, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybhṛṅga (भृंग) [or भृंगराज, bhṛṅgarāja].—m (S) A large black bee, the humble bee.
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bhṛṅgā (भृंगा) [or गी, gī].—f (bhaṅgā S) Hemp-plant, Cannabis sativa.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishbhṛṅga (भृंग).—m The humble bee.
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bhṛṅgā (भृंगा) [-gī, -गी].—f Hemp-plant, Cannabis sativa.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग).—[bhṛ-gan kit nuṭ ca Uṇādi-sūtra 1.122.]
1) A large black bee; मञ्जु गुञ्जन्तु भृङ्गाः (mañju guñjantu bhṛṅgāḥ) Bv.1.5; R.8.53.
2) A kind of wasp.
3) A kind of bird.
4) A libertine, dissolute or lecherous man; cf. भ्रमर (bhramara).
5) A golden vase or jar.
6) The fork-tailed shrike.
7) A kind of measure (in music).
-ṅgam Talc.
-ṅgī 1 The female of the large black bee; भृङ्गीव पुष्पं पुरुषं स्त्री वाञ्छति नवं नवम् (bhṛṅgīva puṣpaṃ puruṣaṃ strī vāñchati navaṃ navam).
2) A poisonous plant (ativiṣa).
Derivable forms: bhṛṅgaḥ (भृङ्गः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग).—m.
(-ṅgaḥ) 1. A large black bee, the humble bee. 2. A catamite, a libertine, a lecher. 3. A plant, (Eclipta or Verbesina prostrata.) 4. A wasp, either the common kind, or the Vespa solitaria. 5. A golden vase. 6. The fork-tailed shrike, (Lanius cærulescens.) 7. A bird, apparently a sort of shrike different from the preceding. n.
(-ṅgaṃ) 1. Woody cassia. 2. Talc. E. bhṛ to nourish, gan Unadi aff., and kit-nuṭ augment.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग).—probably bhram-ga, I. m., and f. gī ([Kathāsaritsāgara, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 22, 103). 1. A large bee, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 8, 52. 2. A wasp. 3. The fork-tailed shrike, Lanius cærulescens, [Ṛtusaṃhāra] 6, 24 (cf. [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 52, 18). 4. A golden vase. 5. A libertine. Ii. n. 1. A plant, Woody cassia. 2. Another, Verbesina prostrata Roxb.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग).—[masculine] a large black bee ([feminine] ā & ī).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—son of Viśvāvarta, brother of Maṅkha. Śrīkaṇṭhacarita 3, 53.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Bhṛṅga (भृङ्ग):—m. (√bhram) a species of large black bee, the humble bee, [Kāvya literature; Purāṇa]
2) a species of wasp, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) the fork-tailed shrike or some similar bird, [Vāgbhaṭālaṃkāra]
4) a libertine, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) a golden vase or pitcher, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Name of a genius (= bhṛṅga-rāja), [Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi]
7) (in music) a kind of measure, [Saṃgīta-sārasaṃgraha]
8) m. or n. Eclipta Prostrata, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) Bhṛṅgā (भृङ्गा):—[from bhṛṅga] f. a large black bee (See m.), [Atharva-veda]
10) [v.s. ...] a kind of pulse, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) Bhṛṅga (भृङ्ग):—n. the bark or the leaf of Laurus Cassia, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) talc, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) Name of a man (brother of Maṅkha), [Śrīkaṇṭha-carita]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhṛṅga (भृङ्ग):—(ṅgaḥ) 1. m. A large black bee, fork-tailed shrike; a lecher; a wasp; a golden vase; a plant. n. Woody Cassia; Talc.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Bhṛṅga (भृङ्ग) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Bhaṃga, Bhiṃga, Bhiṃgā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBhṛṃga (ಭೃಂಗ):—
1) [noun] any of a number of related large, hairy, yellow-and-black social bees (esp. of genus Bombus, family Apidae); bumble bee.
2) [noun] any of various families of winged hymenopteran insects, characterised by a slender body with the abdomen attached by a narrow stalk, biting mouthparts, and, in the females and workers, a vicious sting that can be used repeatedly; a wasp.
3) [noun] the fork-tailed shrike, Lanius caerulescens.
4) [noun] the bird Cuculus melanoleucus.
5) [noun] a man, who leads an unrestrained, sexually immoral life; a rake; a libertine.
6) [noun] a golden vase or pitcher.
7) [noun] the tree Cinnamomum macrocarpum of Lauraceae family.
8) [noun] the plant Eclipta prostrata ( = E. alba) of Asteraceae family; weed-ham.
9) [noun] any of a group of minerals (complex silicates) that crystallise in thin, somewhat flexible, translucent or coloured, easily separated layers, resistant to heat and electricity; mica.
10) [noun] a cloud.
11) [noun] lack of light; darkness.
12) [noun] black colour.
13) [noun] (dance.) a movement, raising one foot above the ground and turning our on the other.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+35): Bhrimgaguna, Bhrimgakitanyaya, Bhrimgalaka, Bhrimgayi, Bhringabhishta, Bhringabjalilalaka, Bhringadeva, Bhringadhipa, Bhringaduta, Bhringah-vriksha, Bhringahva, Bhringaja, Bhringaka, Bhringali, Bhringalika, Bhringamadakadi, Bhringamari, Bhringamulika, Bhringana, Bhringananda.
Ends with: Ambhojabhringa, Mahabhringa, Pancabhringa, Panchabhringa, Rajabhringa.
Full-text (+77): Bhanga, Bhinga, Bhringarola, Bhringaraja, Bhringavali, Bhringaparnika, Bhringaka, Bhringavallabha, Bhringasodara, Bhringapriya, Bhringabhishta, Bhringananda, Bhringadhipa, Bhringaja, Bhringarita, Bhringarajas, Bhringavriksha, Bhringamari, Bhringamulika, Bharngi.
Relevant text
Search found 25 books and stories containing Bhringa, Bhṛṅga, Bhrnga, Bhṛṅgā, Bhrimga, Bhṛṃga, Bhṛnga; (plurals include: Bhringas, Bhṛṅgas, Bhrngas, Bhṛṅgās, Bhrimgas, Bhṛṃgas, Bhṛngas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Vivekachudamani (by Shankara)
Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances (by Bhudeb Mookerjee)
Part 7 - Incineration of iron (26) < [Chapter IV - Metals (4): Lauha (iron)]
Part 17 - Purification of Katuki and various other seeds < [Chapter XXXI - Upavisha (semi-poisons)]
Part 4 - Extraction of oil from seeds of Katu-tumbi < [Chapter XXXII - Extraction of oil from seeds]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.16.45 < [Chapter 16 - Description of Śrī Rādhikā’s Wedding]
Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 4: Iatrochemistry (by Bhudeb Mookerjee)
Part 18 - Treatment of Piles (17): Shila-gandhaka vataka < [Chapter V - Piles]
Part 21 - Treatment of Udara-roga (18): Mahanala rasa < [Chapter VI - Diseases affecting the belly (udara-roga)]
Part 44 - Treatment for chronic diarrhea (16): Grahani-vajra-kapata rasa < [Chapter III - Jvaratisara fever with diarrhoea]
Sushruta Samhita, volume 4: Cikitsasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter XXV - The medical treatment of a variety of diseases
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
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