Sanskrit quote nr. 27 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अकर्मशीलं च महाशनं च लोकद्विष्टं बहुमायं नृशंसम् ।
अदेशकालज्ञमनिष्टवेषम् एतान् गृहे न प्रतिवासयीत ॥akarmaśīlaṃ ca mahāśanaṃ ca lokadviṣṭaṃ bahumāyaṃ nṛśaṃsam |
adeśakālajñamaniṣṭaveṣam etān gṛhe na prativāsayīta ||⎼⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼¦¦⎼⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼¦¦
⎼⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼¦¦⎼⎼⏑¦⎼⎼⏑¦⏑⎼⏑¦⎼⎼¦¦
Meter name: Upajāti (Indravajrā and Upendravajrā); Type: Akṣaracchanda (sama); 11 syllables per quarter (pāda).
Primary English translation:
“One who is lazy, who eats much, who is hated by the people, who is crafty and cruel, who knows neither time nor place, who dresses in an undesirable way—these are not to be lodged in one’s home.”
(translation by Raghu Vira; notes: In Sārasamuccaya)
Secondary translations:
“One who does improper acts, one who eats excessively, one who is hated by men, one who is very deceitful, one who is cruel, one who does not know the suitability of time and place, one who dresses indecently - these six should not be allowed a shelter in one’s house.”
(translation by M. N. Dutt)
“Wer träge, gefrässig, den Leuten verhasst, ein Betrüger und boshaft ist, weder Ord noch Zeit kennt (d. i. auf dieselben keine Rücksicht nimmt) und widerliche Kleider trägt, den soll man nicht im Hause beherbergen.”
(translation by Otto Böhtlingk)
Index
- Introduction
- Glossary of terms
- Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
- Sources
- Authorship
- About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Shil (sil, śīl, शील्): defined in 4 categories.
Shila (sila, śīla, शील): defined in 23 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 9 categories.
Mahashana (mahasana, mahāśana, महाशन): defined in 3 categories.
Loka (लोक): defined in 22 categories.
Dvishta (dvista, dviṣṭa, द्विष्ट): defined in 2 categories.
Bahumaya (bahumāya, बहुमाय): defined in 2 categories.
Nrishamsa (nrsamsa, nṛśaṃsa, नृशंस): defined in 7 categories.
Adeshakala (adesakala, adeśakāla, अदेशकाल): defined in 1 categories.
Jna (jña, ज्ञ): defined in 6 categories.
Anishta (anista, aniṣṭa, अनिष्ट): defined in 7 categories.
Vesha (vesa, veṣa, वेष): defined in 13 categories.
Eta (एत): defined in 5 categories.
Grih (grh, gṛh, गृह्): defined in 1 categories.
Griha (grha, gṛhā, गृहा): defined in 15 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Arts (wordly enjoyments), Nepali, Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Tamil, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kosha (encyclopedic lexicons), Jain philosophy, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Dharmashastra (religious law), Kavya (poetry)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “akarmaśīlaṃ ca mahāśanaṃ ca lokadviṣṭaṃ bahumāyaṃ nṛśaṃsam”
- akarma -
-
akarman (noun, masculine)[compound]akarman (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- śīlam -
-
śīla (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]śīla (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]śīlā (noun, feminine)[adverb]śīl (noun, masculine)[accusative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- mahāśanam -
-
mahāśana (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]mahāśana (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]mahāśanā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- loka -
-
loka (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- dviṣṭam -
-
dviṣṭa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]dviṣṭa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]dviṣṭā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√dviṣ (verb class 2)[imperative active second dual]
- bahumāyam -
-
bahumāya (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]bahumāya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]bahumāyā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- nṛśaṃsam -
-
nṛśaṃsa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]nṛśaṃsa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]nṛśaṃsā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “adeśakālajñamaniṣṭaveṣam etān gṛhe na prativāsayīta”
- adeśakāla -
-
adeśakāla (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- jñam -
-
jña (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]jña (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]jñā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- aniṣṭa -
-
aniṣṭa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]aniṣṭa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- veṣam -
-
veṣa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]veṣa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]veṣā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- etān -
-
eta (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]eṣa (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- gṛhe -
-
gṛh (noun, masculine)[dative single]gṛh (noun, neuter)[dative single]gṛhā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- Cannot analyse prativāsayīta
Sources
This quote is contained within the following Sanskrit literary sources:
Mahābhārata (V. S. Sukhtankar: 5.37.31; Nimachand Siromani: 5.1368; M. N. Dutt: 5.37.35): The largest epic poem in the world, consisting of 100,000 verses. It contains the history of ancient India and the exploits of its heroes, such as the fate of the Kauravas and the Pāṇḍavas. It is also famous for its inclusion of the Bhagavadgītā, a conversation between Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukṣetra. The book was written by Vyāsa.
More info
Indische Sprüchen 5: Collection of Sanskrit subhāṣitas (proverbial verses) with German translation. The book was written by Otto Böhtlingk in 1870.
More info
Sārasamuccaya 238: An old Javanese commentary on a series of Dharmaśāstra verses (originally in Sanskrit). The book was compiled by Vararuci.
More info
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 27 and can be found on page 5. (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.