Verse 3.22 - The direction of the remaining rivers

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 3.22:

शेषास्त्वपरगाः ॥ ३.२२ ॥

śeṣāstvaparagāḥ || 3.22 ||

The rest are the western rivers. (22)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: बाकी रही सात नदियाँ पश्चिम की ओर जाती हैं (और उस तरफ के समुद्र में मिलती हैं)।

Anvayartha: baki rahi sata nadiyam pashcima ki ora jati haim (aura usa tarapha ke samudra mem milati haim) |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

What is the direction of the rest?

Those which have been left out from each pair must be understood as the western rivers. As these flow into the western ocean, these are called the western rivers. River Gaṅgā rises from lake Padma and flows through its eastern archway. River Sindhu originates from its archway in the west. River Rohitāsyā proceeds from its archway in the north. River Rohita rises from lake Mahāpadma and flows through its archway in the south. That which flows from its archway in the north is river Harikāntā. That which rises from lake Tigiñcha and flows through its southern outlet is river Harita. That which flows through its northern outlet is river Sītodā. That which rises from lake Kesarī and flows through its southern archway is river Sītā. That which flows through its northern archway is river Narakāntā. That which rises from lake Mahāpuṇḍarīka and flows through its southern archway is river Nārī. That which flows through its northern archway is river Rūpyakūlā. That which rises from lake Puṇḍarīka and flows through its southern archway is river Suvarṇakūlā. That which flows through its eastern archway is river Raktā. And that which flows through its western archway is river Raktodā.