Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.68.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स मा॒तरा॑ वि॒चर॑न्वा॒जय॑न्न॒पः प्र मेधि॑रः स्व॒धया॑ पिन्वते प॒दम् । अं॒शुर्यवे॑न पिपिशे य॒तो नृभि॒: सं जा॒मिभि॒र्नस॑ते॒ रक्ष॑ते॒ शिर॑: ॥
स मातरा विचरन्वाजयन्नपः प्र मेधिरः स्वधया पिन्वते पदम् । अंशुर्यवेन पिपिशे यतो नृभिः सं जामिभिर्नसते रक्षते शिरः ॥
sa mātarā vicaran vājayann apaḥ pra medhiraḥ svadhayā pinvate padam | aṃśur yavena pipiśe yato nṛbhiḥ saṃ jāmibhir nasate rakṣate śiraḥ ||
English translation:
“The wise (Soma) wandering through the two worlds, sending forth the waters, flattens his station with food; the Soma-juice collected by the priests is mixed with the barley; it is united by the fingers; it protects the head.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
His station: i.e., the uttara vedī, the northern altar; it protects the head: śiraḥ = śīrṇam bhūtajātam (the withered world?)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vatsaprirbhālandanaḥ [vatsaprirbhālandana];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । मा॒तरा॑ । वि॒ऽचर॑न् । वा॒जऽय॑न् । अ॒पः । प्र । मेधि॑रः । स्व॒धया॑ । पि॒न्व॒ते॒ । प॒दम् । अं॒शुः । यवे॑न । पि॒पि॒शे॒ । य॒तः । नृऽभिः॑ । सम् । जा॒मिऽभिः॑ । नस॑ते । रक्ष॑ते । शिरः॑ ॥
सः । मातरा । विचरन् । वाजयन् । अपः । प्र । मेधिरः । स्वधया । पिन्वते । पदम् । अंशुः । यवेन । पिपिशे । यतः । नृभिः । सम् । जामिभिः । नसते । रक्षते । शिरः ॥
saḥ | mātarā | vi-caran | vāja-yan | apaḥ | pra | medhiraḥ | svadhayā | pinvate | padam | aṃśuḥ | yavena | pipiśe | yataḥ | nṛ-bhiḥ | sam | jāmi-bhiḥ | nasate | rakṣate | śiraḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.68.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“wander; travel; vraj; be active.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“incite.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wise; intelligent.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“swell; swell; overflow; abound.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sunbeam; beam; aṃśu [word]; thread.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“barley; yava; barleycorn; yava [word]; yava; yavakṣāra; grain.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“decorate.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“sister; woman; daughter-in-law.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“head; top; peak; battlefront; śiras [word]; beginning; skull.”