Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.3.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
क॒था ह॒ तद्वरु॑णाय॒ त्वम॑ग्ने क॒था दि॒वे ग॑र्हसे॒ कन्न॒ आग॑: । क॒था मि॒त्राय॑ मी॒ळ्हुषे॑ पृथि॒व्यै ब्रव॒: कद॑र्य॒म्णे कद्भगा॑य ॥
कथा ह तद्वरुणाय त्वमग्ने कथा दिवे गर्हसे कन्न आगः । कथा मित्राय मीळ्हुषे पृथिव्यै ब्रवः कदर्यम्णे कद्भगाय ॥
kathā ha tad varuṇāya tvam agne kathā dive garhase kan na āgaḥ | kathā mitrāya mīḻhuṣe pṛthivyai bravaḥ kad aryamṇe kad bhagāya ||
English translation:
“Why, Agni, do you reproach us (for our sin) to Varuṇa, why to the heaven? what is our offence? why repeat it to the bountiful Mitra, to earth, to Aryaman, or to Bhaga?”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
क॒था । ह॒ । तत् । वरु॑णाय । त्वम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । क॒था दि॒वे ग॒र्ह॒से॒ । कत् । नः॒ । आगः॑ । क॒था । मि॒त्राय । मी॒ळ्हुषे॑ । पृ॒थि॒व्यै । ब्रवः॑ । कत् । अ॒र्य॒म्णे । कत् । भगा॑य ॥
कथा । ह । तत् । वरुणाय । त्वम् । अग्ने । कथा दिवे गर्हसे । कत् । नः । आगः । कथा । मित्राय । मीळ्हुषे । पृथिव्यै । ब्रवः । कत् । अर्यम्णे । कत् । भगाय ॥
kathā | ha | tat | varuṇāya | tvam | agne | kathā dive garhase | kat | naḥ | āgaḥ | kathā | mitrāya | mīḷhuṣe | pṛthivyai | bravaḥ | kat | aryamṇe | kat | bhagāya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.3.5 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“how.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“how.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“blame; reject; reprimand.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“sin; evildoing; mistake.”
[adverb]
“how.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“big.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular
“Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Bhaga; vulva; good fortune; vagina; bhaga [word]; sun; well-being; happiness; overlord.”