Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.3.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कद्धिष्ण्या॑सु वृधसा॒नो अ॑ग्ने॒ कद्वाता॑य॒ प्रत॑वसे शुभं॒ये । परि॑ज्मने॒ नास॑त्याय॒ क्षे ब्रव॒: कद॑ग्ने रु॒द्राय॑ नृ॒घ्ने ॥
कद्धिष्ण्यासु वृधसानो अग्ने कद्वाताय प्रतवसे शुभंये । परिज्मने नासत्याय क्षे ब्रवः कदग्ने रुद्राय नृघ्ने ॥
kad dhiṣṇyāsu vṛdhasāno agne kad vātāya pratavase śubhaṃye | parijmane nāsatyāya kṣe bravaḥ kad agne rudrāya nṛghne ||
English translation:
“Why repeat it when exalted in holy ceremonies? why tell it to the mighty, benevolent, circumambient, truthful wind? why, Agni, to earth, why to man-destroying Rudra?”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
To man-destroying Rudra: rudrāya nṛghne, the man-slayer, Rudra, the slayer of wicked men
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कत् । धिष्ण्या॑सु । वृ॒ध॒सा॒नः । अ॒ग्ने॒ । कत् । वाता॑य । प्रऽत॑वसे । शु॒भँ॒म्ये । परि॑ऽज्मने । नास॑त्याय । क्षे । ब्रवः॑ । कत् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । रु॒द्राय॑ । नृ॒ऽघ्ने ॥
कत् । धिष्ण्यासु । वृधसानः । अग्ने । कत् । वाताय । प्रतवसे । शुभँम्ये । परिज्मने । नासत्याय । क्षे । ब्रवः । कत् । अग्ने । रुद्राय । नृघ्ने ॥
kat | dhiṣṇyāsu | vṛdhasānaḥ | agne | kat | vātāya | pra-tavase | śubhaṃmye | pari-jmane | nāsatyāya | kṣe | bravaḥ | kat | agne | rudrāya | nṛ-ghne
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.3.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“encompassing(a).”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Asvins; nāsatya [word].”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“Earth; Earth.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Shiva; Rudra; eleven; rudra [word]; eleventh.”
[noun], masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”