Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.51.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं कुत्सं॑ शुष्ण॒हत्ये॑ष्वावि॒थार॑न्धयोऽतिथि॒ग्वाय॒ शम्ब॑रम् । म॒हान्तं॑ चिदर्बु॒दं नि क्र॑मीः प॒दा स॒नादे॒व द॑स्यु॒हत्या॑य जज्ञिषे ॥
त्वं कुत्सं शुष्णहत्येष्वाविथारन्धयोऽतिथिग्वाय शम्बरम् । महान्तं चिदर्बुदं नि क्रमीः पदा सनादेव दस्युहत्याय जज्ञिषे ॥
tvaṃ kutsaṃ śuṣṇahatyeṣv āvithārandhayo 'tithigvāya śambaram | mahāntaṃ cid arbudaṃ ni kramīḥ padā sanād eva dasyuhatyāya jajñiṣe ||
English translation:
“You have defended Kutsa in fatal fights with Śuśna; you have destroyed Śambara in defence of Atithigva; you have trodden with your foot upon the great Arbuda; frm remote times were you born for the destruction of oppressors.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Śuśna, Śambara and Arbuda are asuras. Kutsa is a ṛṣi;
Atithigva = hospitable, Divodāsa
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । कुत्स॑म् । शुष्ण॒ऽहत्ये॑षु । आ॒वि॒थ॒ । अर॑न्धयः । अ॒ति॒थि॒ऽग्वाय॑ । शम्ब॑रम् । म॒हान्त॑म् । चि॒त् । अ॒र्बु॒दम् । नि । क्र॒मीः॒ । प॒दा । स॒नात् । ए॒व । द॒स्यु॒ऽहत्या॑य । ज॒ज्ञि॒षे॒ ॥
त्वम् । कुत्सम् । शुष्णहत्येषु । आविथ । अरन्धयः । अतिथिग्वाय । शम्बरम् । महान्तम् । चित् । अर्बुदम् । नि । क्रमीः । पदा । सनात् । एव । दस्युहत्याय । जज्ञिषे ॥
tvam | kutsam | śuṣṇa-hatyeṣu | āvitha | arandhayaḥ | atithi-gvāya | śambaram | mahāntam | cit | arbudam | ni | kramīḥ | padā | sanāt | eva | dasyu-hatyāya | jajñiṣe
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.51.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”
[noun], masculine
“Śuṣṇa.”
[noun], locative, plural, neuter
“killing.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“subjugate; hand over.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Śambara; Śambara.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Arbuda; Arbuda; Arbuda.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“foot; pad [word].”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”
[noun], masculine
“savage; outcast; mugger.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“killing.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”