Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.51.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं मा॒याभि॒रप॑ मा॒यिनो॑ऽधमः स्व॒धाभि॒र्ये अधि॒ शुप्ता॒वजु॑ह्वत । त्वं पिप्रो॑र्नृमण॒: प्रारु॑ज॒: पुर॒: प्र ऋ॒जिश्वा॑नं दस्यु॒हत्ये॑ष्वाविथ ॥
त्वं मायाभिरप मायिनोऽधमः स्वधाभिर्ये अधि शुप्तावजुह्वत । त्वं पिप्रोर्नृमणः प्रारुजः पुरः प्र ऋजिश्वानं दस्युहत्येष्वाविथ ॥
tvam māyābhir apa māyino 'dhamaḥ svadhābhir ye adhi śuptāv ajuhvata | tvam pipror nṛmaṇaḥ prārujaḥ puraḥ pra ṛjiśvānaṃ dasyuhatyeṣv āvitha ||

English translation:

“You, Indra, by the devices, have humbled the deceivers who presented oblations to their own mouths; propitious to men, you have destroyed the cities of Pipru, and have well defended Ṛjiśvan in robber-destroying (contest).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Pipru is an asura; Ṛjiśvan is a worshipper whom they oppressed; dasyu-hatyeśu, in battles killing the dasyus

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): savya āṅgirasaḥ [savya āṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । मा॒याभिः॑ । अप॑ । मा॒यिनः॑ । अ॒ध॒मः॒ । स्व॒धाभिः॑ । ये । अधि॑ । शुप्तौ॑ । अजु॑ह्वत । त्वम् । पिप्रोः॑ । नृ॒ऽम॒नः॒ । प्र । अ॒रु॒जः॒ । पुरः॑ । प्र । ऋ॒जिश्चा॑नम् । द॒स्यु॒ऽहत्ये॑षु । आ॒वि॒थ॒ ॥
त्वम् । मायाभिः । अप । मायिनः । अधमः । स्वधाभिः । ये । अधि । शुप्तौ । अजुह्वत । त्वम् । पिप्रोः । नृमनः । प्र । अरुजः । पुरः । प्र । ऋजिश्चानम् । दस्युहत्येषु । आविथ ॥
tvam | māyābhiḥ | apa | māyinaḥ | adhamaḥ | svadhābhiḥ | ye | adhi | śuptau | ajuhvata | tvam | piproḥ | nṛ-manaḥ | pra | arujaḥ | puraḥ | pra | ṛjiścānam | dasyu-hatyeṣu | āvitha

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.51.5 English analysis of grammar]

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

māyābhir < māyābhiḥ < māyā

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”

apa

[adverb]

“away.”

māyino < māyinaḥ < māyin

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“artful; charming; crafty; deceptive.”

'dhamaḥ < adhamaḥ < dham

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“heat; blow; fan; blow; ignite; blow; inflate.”

svadhābhir < svadhābhiḥ < svadhā

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

śuptāv < śuptau < śupti

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“shoulder.”

ajuhvata < hu

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

pipror < piproḥ < pipru

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Pipru.”

nṛmaṇaḥ < nṛmaṇas

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

prārujaḥ < praruj < √ruj

[verb], singular, Imperfect

puraḥ < pur

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

ṛjiśvānaṃ < ṛjiśvānam < ṛjiśvan

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Ṛjiśvan.”

dasyuhatyeṣv < dasyu

[noun], masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

dasyuhatyeṣv < hatyeṣu < hatya

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“killing.”

āvitha < av

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

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