Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.22.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒पां नपा॑त॒मव॑से सवि॒तार॒मुप॑ स्तुहि । तस्य॑ व्र॒तान्यु॑श्मसि ॥
अपां नपातमवसे सवितारमुप स्तुहि । तस्य व्रतान्युश्मसि ॥
apāṃ napātam avase savitāram upa stuhi | tasya vratāny uśmasi ||

English translation:

“Glorify Savitā, who is no friend to water, or our protection; we desire to celebrate his worship.(apām napāt = son of the waters).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Apām-napat may also mean the Sun, who is the parent of the waters: ādityāt jāyate vṛṣṭiḥ: rain is born from the sun (Manu 3.76);

Napāt = lit. who does not cherish (na pālayati), but dried them up by his heat, santāpena śoṣakaḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): savitā ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒पाम् । नपा॑तम् । अव॑से । स॒वि॒तार॑म् । उप॑ । स्तु॒हि॒ । तस्य॑ । व्र॒तानि॑ । उ॒श्म॒सि॒ ॥
अपाम् । नपातम् । अवसे । सवितारम् । उप । स्तुहि । तस्य । व्रतानि । उश्मसि ॥
apām | napātam | avase | savitāram | upa | stuhi | tasya | vratāni | uśmasi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.22.6 English analysis of grammar]

apāṃ < apām < ap

[noun], genitive, plural, neuter

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

napātam < napāt

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”

avase < av

[verb noun]

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

savitāram < savitṛ

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

stuhi < stu

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“laud; praise; declare; stu.”

tasya < tad

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

vratāny < vratāni < vrata

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

uśmasi < vaś

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

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