Viyoga, Viyogā: 20 definitions
Introduction:
Viyoga means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Viyog.
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramViyoga (वियोग, “disjunction”) refers to one of the thee forms of the supreme seed-syllable called Haṃsa, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “That supreme seed-syllable called Haṃsa is located in the heart. Without that there is no perception (upalabdhi) (of ultimate reality) and one knows nothing. O fair lady, it has three forms, Sound (nāda), Conjunction (saṃyoga) and Disjunction (viyoga). O fairhipped lady, one should pay attention to it with effort. Again, the threefold consciousness (caitanya) is present here, which is that of the Self (ātman), Power (śakti) and Śiva. The threefold consciousness abides in a state of invariable union. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Source: archive.org: Hindu MathematicsViyoga (वियोग, “separation”) is another name for Vyavakalita (“subtraction”) which represents one of the twenty operations (logistics) of pāṭīgaṇita (“science of calculation which requires the use of writing material—the board”), according to Pṛthudakasvāmī’s commentary on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta by Brahmagupta, a Sanskrit treatise on ancient Indian mathematics (gaṇita-śāstra) and astronomy from the 7th century.—The terms [e.g., viyoga (separation)] [...], have been used for subtraction.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: 84000: Sampuṭodbhava Tantra (Emergence from Sampuṭa)Viyogā (वियोगा) refers to one of the primary thirty-two energy-channels in the body, according to the Sampuṭodbhavatantra chapter 1.—Accordingly, “[Vajragarbha asked, ‘What subtle energy channels are in the body?’]—The Blessed One said, ‘There are one hundred and twenty of them, corresponding to the divisions within the four cakras. The chief ones, those with bodhicitta as their innate nature, are thirty-two in number. They are: [i.e., Viyogā] [...]’.”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraViyoga (वियोग) refers to “separation”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 2).—Accordingly, “[Question: The past and the future do not function with the nature of the present; the past functions with the nature of the past and the future with the nature of the future. That is why there is a [different] time for each nature separately (ekaika dharmalakṣaṇa)]—[Answer:]—[...] [The Buddhist texts] do not speak about kāla but about samaya in order to dispel wrong views of this kind. We speak metaphorically about time with regard to birth, the elements and bases of consciousness, but there is no distinct time [existing as a separate substance]. Expressions such as ‘region’ (deśa), ‘time’ (kāla), ‘separation’ (viyoga), ‘union’ (saṃyoga), ‘singleness’ (ekatva), ‘multiplicity’ (nānātva), ‘length’ (dīrghatva), ‘smallness’ (hrasvatva), etc., come from convention. Fools (bāla) cling to them and say that these are real Dharmas (sadbhūta). That is why mundane conventional Dharmas of purely nominal existence must be excluded.”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsViyoga (वियोग) refers to “separation” (from persons and things) [?], according to Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi.—Accordingly, “[...] But there is nothing in the world which is permanent except the natural characteristics of knowledge and perception of the self. This is contemplation on the transitory nature of things. He who contemplates thus is free from intense attachment to persons and things, and hence he does not feel stress when he loses them or separates (viyoga—viyogakāle ’pi vinipāto) from them as in the case of the garlands used and cast off”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryviyoga : (m.) separation.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryViyoga, (vi+yoga 2) separation J. VI, 482; Mhvs 19, 16 (Mahābodhi°); PvA. 160, 161 (pati° from her husband); Sdhp. 77, 164. (Page 633)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryviyōga (वियोग).—m (S) Separation, disjunction, sundered or separated state. 2 In arithmetic. Difference.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishviyōga (वियोग).—m Separation, disjunction.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryViyoga (वियोग).—
1) Separation, disunion; अयमेकपदे तया वियोगः सहसा चोपनतः सुदुःसहो मे (ayamekapade tayā viyogaḥ sahasā copanataḥ suduḥsaho me) V.4.1; त्वयोपस्थितवियोगस्य तपो- वनस्यापि समवस्था दृश्यते (tvayopasthitaviyogasya tapo- vanasyāpi samavasthā dṛśyate) Ś4; संघत्ते भृशमरतिं हि सद्वियोगः (saṃghatte bhṛśamaratiṃ hi sadviyogaḥ) Ki. 5.51; R.12.1; Śiśupālavadha 12.63.
2) Absence, loss.
3) Subtraction.
Derivable forms: viyogaḥ (वियोगः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryViyoga (वियोग).—m.
(-gaḥ) 1. Absence, separation, especially of lovers. 2. Disunion, disjunction. 3. Loss, absence. E. vi privative, and yoga union.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryViyoga (वियोग).—i. e. vi-yuj + a, m. 1. Separation, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 29, 17 (with saha, [Pañcatantra] 30, 22). 2. Disunion. 3. Loss, [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 184; death, [Hitopadeśa] iv. [distich] 62. 4. Absence, [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 78.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryViyoga (वियोग).—[masculine] separation, division, loss of ([instrumental] ±saha, [ablative], or —°); absence, want; getting rid of, abstaining from, giving up (yaṃ gam be lost*).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Viyoga (वियोग):—[=vi-yoga] [from vi-yuj] m. disjunction, separation ([especially] of lovers), loss or absence or want of ([instrumental case] with or with out saha [ablative], or [compound]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. (gaṃ √gam, to be lost, [Mṛcchakaṭikā ix, 34/35])
2) [v.s. ...] giving up, getting rid of, abstention from ([compound]), [Gautama-dharma-śāstra]
3) [v.s. ...] subtraction, [Gaṇitādhyāya]
4) [v.s. ...] = vi-yuti, [Bījagaṇita]
5) [v.s. ...] a [particular] astrological Yoga, [Catalogue(s)]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryViyoga (वियोग):—[vi-yoga] (gaḥ) 1. m. Absence, separation; disjunction.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Viyoga (वियोग) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Vioa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryViyoga (वियोग) [Also spelled viyog]:—(nm) separation, disunion; bereavement; —[śrṛṃgāra] see [vipralaṃbha śrṛṃgāra].
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusViyōga (ವಿಯೋಗ):—
1) [noun] the act of going or to stay away from.
2) [noun] the fact of being separated by one’s lover.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryViyoga (वियोग):—n. 1. separation; disunion; tragedy; 2. absence; loss; 3. subtraction; 4. difference;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Tta, Yoga, Yuja, Ne, Vi, Viyoga, Na.
Starts with (+9): Viyogabahya, Viyogabhaj, Viyogacinta, Viyogadukkha, Viyogadukkhita, Viyogahetuka, Viyogakarana, Viyogakiriya, Viyogamta, Viyoganala, Viyogant, Viyoganta, Viyogapariyosana, Viyogapura, Viyogarasa, Viyogarttiyuta, Viyogashringara, Viyogasoka, Viyogata, Viyogatas.
Full-text (+58): Aviyoga, Pranaviyoga, Viyogabhaj, Viyogapura, Viyogata, Vatthukamaviyoga, Viyogakarana, Buddhaviyoga, Viyogasoka, Viyogabahya, Viyogatas, Viyog, Viyokam, Guruviyoga, Tekaviyokam, Adyashvina, Piranaviyokam, Viyogin, Kammatthanaviyoga, Viyogatthana.
Relevant text
Search found 68 books and stories containing Viyoga, Vi-yoga, Vi-yuja-na, Vi-yuja-ṇa, Vi-yuja-ne-na, Vi-yuja-ṇe-ṇa, Viyōga, Viyogā, Viyoga-tta; (plurals include: Viyogas, yogas, nas, ṇas, Viyōgas, Viyogās, ttas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 3.2.114 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
Verse 3.2.174 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
Verse 3.2.178 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 6.8 < [Chapter 6 - Early Death]
Brahma Samhita (Jiva Goswami commentary) (by Srila Narayana Maharaja)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verses 6.20-25 < [Chapter 6 - Dhyāna-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Meditation)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)