Upadrava: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Upadrava means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Upadrav.
In Hinduism
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) [=Sopadrava?] (Cf. Upaplava) refers to “suffering” or “destruction” [?], according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If there should be both lunar and solar eclipses in one month, princes will suffer both from dissensions among their own army and from wars. [...] If the eclipses should fall in the lunar month of Vaiśākha cotton, gingelly and beans will be injured; the Ikṣvākus, the Yaudheyas, the Śakas and the Kaliṅgas will suffer [i.e., upadrava—sopadravāḥ]; but there will be prosperity over the land”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to “(great) havoc”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.15 (“The penance and reign of Tārakāsura”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated: “Thus with ardour, the king of the demons [i.e., Tāraka] performed the severe penance duly unbearable even to those who heard about it. O sage, in the process of such a penance, a huge mass of light shot up from his head and spread all round. It caused great havoc [i.e., maha-upadrava-kṛt]. All the worlds of the gods were well nigh consumed by it alone. O sage, all the celestial sages were hard hit and distressed. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to “calamities”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 11.1-24ab, while describing the appearance and worship of Tumburu]—“Now, at this moment, I will tell the highest-most teaching to be worshipped with this mantra, for the sake of peace from all calamities (sarva-upadrava-śānti-artha), resulting in the fruits of all Siddhis. [He worships] Deva as Tumburu in the middle of an eight petaled lotus, in the maṇḍala, [starting] in the East, O Devī. [The Sādhaka] honors the Lord who is ten-armed, five-faced, and three eyed, with the form and faces like Sadāśiva. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to the “symptoms (of certain diseases)” (of Hawks), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “[...] If the disease is the effect of the morbid condition of the phlegm, powdered pepper is to be first administered as a snuff, and then meat mixed with the powdered bark of Morunga quilandina, is to be given. The drink should be warm water; musk may also be given to cure its symptoms (upadrava-śānti). [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to the “symptoms (of snake-poisoning)”, as discussed in the fourth chapter of the Kāśyapasaṃhita: a Pāñcarātra Āgama text composed of 13 chapters dealing with snake-bites, poisons and curing their venom by use of the garuḍamantra while also dealing with worship and devotion. Description of the chapter [nāga-upadrava-ādi-lakṣaṇa]:—[...] Kaśyapa discusses the ten stages of the poison’s fatal action on the human body from the hair standing on end, through thirst, sweating, coughing, burning sensation, paralysis, lālāsrava (drooling?), delirium, coma, to death (55-57a). Since all things are interconnected in this world, even the most minute elements connected with the snake-bite incident have their bearing upon the victim’s recovery [...].
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to one of the male Vidyā-beings mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Upadrava).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to “calamity” [?] (as opposed to Anupadrava—‘peace’), according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 46.—Accordingly, “Patience is the strength of all monks: it humbles the wicked and manifests wondrous things in the assemblies. Patience is the guardian that watches that generosity and morality are not broken. Patience is a great armor that soldiers cannot pierce. Patience is the good medicine that eliminates bad poisons. Patience is a great victory that assures safety and peace (anupadrava) over the dangerous paths of saṃsāra. [...]”.
Upadrava (उपद्रव) refers to “calamities”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [After the Bhagavān taught the Heart-Mantra to Vajrapāṇi]: “Immediately after the Bhagavān had uttered this spell, the destroyer of all Nāgas and all malefactors and calamities (upadrava), all the great Nāgas got headaches, their bodies became putrid, stinking and foul-smelling. They fell at the feet of the Bhagavān and said, “O Bhagavān, extremely dreadful mantrapadas have been uttered. [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
upadrava (उपद्रव).—m (S) Trouble, disturbance, annoyance, molestation, harassment. 2 (Par excellence.) Demoniac possession.
upadrava (उपद्रव).—m Trouble, disturbance, annoy- ance, molestation, harassment. De. moniac possession.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Upadrava (उपद्रव).—
1) An unhappy accident, misfortune, calamity.
2) Injury, trouble, harm; पुंसामसमर्थानामुपद्रवाया- त्मनो भवेत्कोपः (puṃsāmasamarthānāmupadravāyā- tmano bhavetkopaḥ) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.324; निरुपद्रवं स्थानम् (nirupadravaṃ sthānam) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.
3) Outrage, violence.
4) A national distress (whether caused by the king or famine, seasons &c.).
5) A national disturbance, rebellion.
6) A symptom, a supervenient disease (one brought on whilst a person is suffering from another).
7) The sixth part of a Vedi sāman consisting of seven limbs. अथ सप्तविधस्य वाचि सप्तविधं सामोपासीत (atha saptavidhasya vāci saptavidhaṃ sāmopāsīta) ...... यदुपेति स उपद्रवः (yadupeti sa upadravaḥ) Ch. Up.2.8.2.
8) A servant; अनृय्यजुरसामा च प्राजापत्य उपद्रवः (anṛyyajurasāmā ca prājāpatya upadravaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.6.44.
9) Loss, waste; अष्टकापितृदेवत्यमित्ययं प्रसृतो जनः । अन्नस्योपद्रवं पश्य मृतो हि किमशिष्यति (aṣṭakāpitṛdevatyamityayaṃ prasṛto janaḥ | annasyopadravaṃ paśya mṛto hi kimaśiṣyati) || Rām.2.18.14.
Derivable forms: upadravaḥ (उपद्रवः).
Upadrava (उपद्रव).—m.
(-vaḥ) 1. Tyranny, oppression. 2. National distress, whether the act of the seasons or the king, famine, exaction, &c. 3. National commotion, rebellion. 4. Violence. 5. A supervenient disease, one brought on whilst a person labours under another. E. upa, dru to go, ac aff.
Upadrava (उपद्रव).—i. e. upa-dru + a, m. 1. Distress, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 108, 14; [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 368. 2. Mischief, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 11.
Upadrava (उपद्रव).—[masculine] misfortune, calamity.
1) Upadrava (उपद्रव):—[=upa-drava] [from upa-dru] m. that which attacks or occurs suddenly, any grievous accident, misfortune, calamity, mischief, national distress (such as famine, plague, oppression, eclipse, etc.)
2) [v.s. ...] national commotion, rebellion
3) [v.s. ...] violence, outrage, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Śakuntalā; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] a supervenient disease or one brought on whilst a person labours under another, [Suśruta]
5) [v.s. ...] the fourth of the five parts of a Sāman stanza, [ṢaḍvBr.] [commentator or commentary] on [Taittirīya-āraṇyaka etc.]
Upadrava (उपद्रव):—[upa-drava] (vaḥ) 1. m. Oppression; a portent; violence; rebellion.
[Sanskrit to German]
Upadrava (उपद्रव) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Uddavaa, Uvadava.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Upadrava (उपद्रव) [Also spelled upadrav]:—(nm) riot, disturbance: mischief; tumult, kick-up.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Upadrava (ಉಪದ್ರವ):—
1) [noun] an annoying or being annoyed; annoyance; infliction.
2) [noun] any extreme misfortune bringing great loss and sorrow; disaster; calamity; deep trouble or misery.
3) [noun] sickness; any departure from good health; a disease.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Upadrava (उपद्रव):—n. 1. disturbance; rowdyism; naughtiness; 2. tyranny; oppression; 3. riot; ado; outrage; 4. a portentous phenomenon;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Upadravakari, Upadravakrit, Upadravana, Upadravashanti.
Full-text (+34): Nirupadrava, Aupadravika, Variyaca Upadrava, Vyupadrava, Upadravashanti, Nasata, Upadra, Ropana, Nirupadravata, Sopadrava, Anupadrava, Uvadava, Uddavaa, Nirupattiravam, Upadrav, Sarvopadrava, Upattiravam, Updrav, Nirupattiran, Upadravakrit.
Relevant text
Search found 37 books and stories containing Upadrava, Upa-drava; (plurals include: Upadravas, dravas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
International Research Journal of Ayurveda and Yoga
Concept Of Visha Upadrava In Ayurveda: Perspective Framework < [Vol. 4 No. 7: Sep (2021)]
A critical review and analysis of Amlapitta from Samhitas < [Vol. 5 No. 11: Nov (2022)]
A Critical Review on Sthoulya Roga. < [Vol. 6 No. 7: Jul (2023)]
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Study of prameha and its upadravas (diabetes complications) < [2022: Volume 11, March issue 3]
Review of prameha updrava and diabetes complications. < [2020: Volume 9, November issue 14]
Review on amavata < [2021: Volume 10, January issue 1]
Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine
Vyadhi sankara – concept of differential diagnosis in ayurveda < [Volume 4, issue 1 (2016)]
Kampa (tandava roga) as upadrava in madhumeha wsr to chorea as a presenting symptom in diabetes mellitus: a case report < [Volume 2, issue 8 (2014)]
Understanding Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Ayurvedic perspective < [Volume 12, issue 5 (2024)]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
NIDANARTHAKAR VYADHI w.r.t CARAK SAMHITA: A REVIEW < [2020, Issue 4, April]
A clinical study of prameha upadrava with special reference to the role of vasantkusumakar ras in diabetic neuropathy < [2018, Issue I, january,]
Kriyakala vivechana in sthoulya < [2016, Issue XII December]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
A literary review on Vata Rakta < [Vol. 5 No. 04 (2020)]
Randomised controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of... < [Vol. 8 No. 12 (2023)]
Vatarakta : An Ayurvedic classical literature review < [Vol. 8 No. 6 (2023)]
Effect of Ayurvedic Treatment on Prameha (Diabetes) and Complications < [Volume 11, Issue 3: May-June 2024]
Mild Pre Eclampsia (Garbhini Shotha) in Pregnancy - A Correlational Review < [Volume 9, Suppl 1: July-Aug 2022]
A Conceptual Study of Aahar and Vihar in Post Covid-19 Complication < [Volume 11, Issue 2: March-April 2024]
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