Shrigala, Śṛgāla, Sṛgāla, Srigala: 21 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
India history
Biology
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
4. Nepali
See also

Introduction:

Shrigala means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Śṛgāla and Sṛgāla can be transliterated into English as Srgala or Shrigala or Srigala, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical study

Sṛgāla (सृगाल) refers to the Golden Jackal (Canis aureus), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: archive.org: Sushruta samhita, Volume I

Śṛgāla (शृगाल)—Sanskrit word for the animal “jackal”. This animal is from the group called Guhāśaya (‘which have a lair’, or, ‘cave-dwelling mammals’). Guhāśaya itself is a sub-group of the group of animals known as Jāṅghala (living in high ground and in a jungle).

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

Śṛgāla (शृगाल).—A King of the "Strī rājya". This king had attended the Svayaṃvara of the daughter of Citrāṅgada, king of Kaliṅga. (Mahābhārata, Śānti Parva, Chapter 4, Verse 7)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Sṛgāla (सृगाल) refers to “jackals”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.15 (“The penance and reign of Tārakāsura”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated: “[...] At the same time, several phenomena of evil portent forboding misery and distress happened, when the son of Varāṅgī was born making the gods miserable. [...] Within villages, inauspicious vixens howled hideously vomitting fires; as it were, through their mouths along with the hissing and twanging sounds of the hootings and howlings of owls and jackals [i.e., sṛgāla-ulūka-ṭaṅkāra]. Lifting up their necks, the dogs barked in diverse ways producing sounds of singing or lamenting here and there. [...]”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Dharmashastra (religious law)

Source: Prācyā: Animals and animal products as reflected in Smṛti texts

Śṛgāla (शृगाल) refers to the animal “Golden jackal” (Canis aureus).—The Smṛtis mention several domestic as well as wild animals that are enumerated in context of specifying expiation for killing them, the flesh being used as a dietary article to give satisfaction to the Manes (Pitṛs) in Śrāddha rites, the law of transmigration due to various sins committed as well as in the context of specifying gifts to be given on various occasions. These animals [viz., Śṛgāla] are chiefly mentioned in the Manusmṛti, Parāśarasmṛti [Chap.6], Gautamasmṛti [17.2 and 15.1], Śātātapasmṛti [II.45-54], Uśānasmṛti [IX.7-9; IX.12-13], Yājñavalkyasmṛti [I.170-171; I.175; I.258- 260], Viṣṇusmṛti [51.3;51.6;51.26;51.33;80.3-14], Uttarāṅgirasasmṛti [X.15-17], Prajāpatismṛti [Śrāddhatyājyavastuvarṇanam. 138-143], 9 Kāśyapasmṛti [Section on Prāyaścittavarṇanam], Vṛddha Hārītasmṛti [6.253-255] and Kātyāyanasmṛti [27.11].

context information

Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Sṛgāla (सृगाल) refers to a “jackal” (i.e., ‘being amongst jackals in dreams’), according to the Svacchanda-tantra.—Accordingly, [verse 4.21-27, while describing inauspicious dreams]—“[...] [He dreams of] the destruction of houses, palaces, beds, clothes, and seats; defeat of oneself in battle and theft of ones things. [He] ascends or is amongst donkeys, camels, dogs, jackals (sṛgāla), and herons, vultures, and cranes. [He rides on] buffalos, owls, and crows, eats cooked meat, [wears a] red garland, and ointment for the body. [...]”

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and Subjects

Sṛgāla (सृगाल, ‘jackal’) is not found until the Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (xii. 5, 2, 5), but is common in the Epic.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Śṛgāla (शृगाल, “jackal”) represents an incarnation destination of the tiryaggati (animal realm) according to the “world of transmigration” section in the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XXVII).—The Bodhisattva sees the animals (tiryak) undergoing all the torments: they are made to gallop by blows of the whip or stick; they are made to make long journeys carrying burdens; their harness is damaged; they are branded with hot iron. If they have deceived honest people (sajjanāvamāna), they take the body of [for example], a jackal (śṛgāla).

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

India history and geography

Source: Wisdom Library: Teachers, Saints and Sages

Śṛgāla (शृगाल) or Śṛgālapā is another name for Śalipā: one of the eighty-four Siddhas (Siddhācāryas) of the Sahajayāna school, according to sources such as the Varṇaratnākara of Jyotirīśvara (i.e., the Varna-Ratnakara by Jyotirishwar Thakur).—The Sahaja-Yana is a philosophical and esoteric movement of Tantric Buddhism which had enormous influence in the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas.—Many of these Mahāsiddhas [e.g., Śṛgāla-pā] were historical figures whose lives and mystical powers were the subject of legends. They are often associated with teachings belonging to Hinduism, Buddhism, Ajivikism and Jainism such as the Nath Tradition.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Shrigala in India is the name of a plant defined with Echinops echinatus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Hortus Bengalensis (1814)
· Taxon (1977)
· Bot. Journal of the Linnean Society (2000)
· Ethnobotany (2004)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Shrigala, for example chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, health benefits, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

śṛgāla (शृगाल).—m A male jackal. śṛgālī f A female jackal.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śṛgāla (शृगाल).—[asṛjaṃ lāti lā-ka pṛṣo°]

1) A jackal.

2) A cheat, rogue, swindler.

3) A coward.

4) An ill-natured man, one using harsh words.

5) Name of Kṛṣṇa.

Derivable forms: śṛgālaḥ (शृगालः).

--- OR ---

Sṛgāla (सृगाल).—A jackal; see शृगाल (śṛgāla).

Derivable forms: sṛgālaḥ (सृगालः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śṛgāla (शृगाल).—m.

(-laḥ) 1. A shakal or jackal. 2. A coward, a poltroon. 3. A rogue, a cheat. 4. An ill-natured or harsh-speaking man. 5. A demon so named. 6. Krishna. f. (-lī) 1. Flight, retreat. 2. A fox. 3. A she-jackal. E. śṛj to create or abandon, (deceit, &c.) kālan aff.; or śṛṅga a horn, a negative prefix, lā to possess, aff. ka, deriv. irr.; also sṛgāla, &c.

--- OR ---

Sṛgāla (सृगाल).—m.

(-laḥ) 1. A jackal. 2. A Daitya or demon. E. sṛj to let go, kālan aff; more usually śṛgāla .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śṛgāla (शृगाल).—I. m. 1. Ajackal, [Hitopadeśa] 52, 4, M. M. 2. A rogue. 3. A coward. 4. A demon. 5. Kṛṣṇa. Ii. f. lī. 1. A she-jackal, [Pañcatantra] 220, 9. 2. A fox.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śṛgāla (शृगाल).—v. sṛgāla.

--- OR ---

Sṛgāla (सृगाल).—[masculine] sṛgālī & sṛgālikā [feminine] jackal.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śṛgāla (शृगाल):—(also written śṛkāla) m. a jackal etc. See sṛgāla.

2) Sṛgāla (सृगाल):—m. (also written śṛgāla; of doubtful derivation), a jackal, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa] etc. etc.

3) a [particular] tree, [Mahābhārata] ([Nīlakaṇṭha])

4) Name of a Vāsudeva (ruler of Karavīra-pura), [Harivaṃśa]

5) of a Daitya, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) a rogue, cheat, [Horace H. Wilson]

7) a coward, poltroon, [ib.]

8) an ill-natured or harsh-speaking man, [ib.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śṛgāla (शृगाल):—(laḥ) 1. m. Idem; a demon; a poltroon; a cheat; cross man; Krishna. f.

(-ī) Flight; a fox.

2) Sṛgāla (सृगाल):—(laḥ) 1. m. A jackal; a demon.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Sṛgāla (सृगाल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Siāla.

[Sanskrit to German]

Shrigala in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Śṛgāla (ಶೃಗಾಲ):—[noun] any of several wild dogs, mostly yellowish-gray and smaller than the wolf, which often hunt prey in packs, gen. at night, and also eat carrion and certain plants; a jackal.

--- OR ---

Sṛgāla (ಸೃಗಾಲ):—[noun] the wild dog Canis aureus, (smaller than the wolf), which offten hunt prey in pack at night and eat carrion and certin plants, believed to be sly; jackal.

--- OR ---

Sṛgāḷa (ಸೃಗಾಳ):—[noun] = ಸೃಗಾಲ [srigala].

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Śṛgāla (शृगाल):—n. 1. jackal; 2. fig. coward; villain;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 23 books and stories containing Shrigala, Śṛgāla, Sṛgāla, Srgala, Sṛgāḷa, Srigala; (plurals include: Shrigalas, Śṛgālas, Sṛgālas, Srgalas, Sṛgāḷas, Srigalas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Page 220 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]

Page 104 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]

Page 639 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]

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Chapter 44 - Battle with Shrigala < [Book 2 - Vishnu Parva]

Chapter 39 - Krishna Meets with Parasurama < [Book 2 - Vishnu Parva]

Chapter 46 - Baladeva Visits Vraja < [Book 2 - Vishnu Parva]

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Verse 2.19.146 < [Chapter 19 - The Lord’s Pastimes in Advaita’s House]

Verse 2.23.481 < [Chapter 23 - Wandering about Navadvīpa On the Day the Lord Delivered the Kazi]

Verse 1.14.87 < [Chapter 14 - The Lord’s Travel to East Bengal and the Disappearance of Lakṣmīpriyā]

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