Mudha, Mūḍha, Mudhā, Muḍha, Mūḍhā: 27 definitions

Introduction:

Mudha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, and is used by the evil-minded Dakṣa to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.27. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] on hearing [Dadhīci’s] words, the foolish and evil-minded Dakṣa became furious in a trice and said mockingly:—‘[...] He is a haughty self-conceited fool (ātmasaṃbhāvita-mūḍha) with false prestige and hostility. He is unworthy of this sacred rite. Hence he is not invited by me.’”.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Kavya (poetry)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)

Mūḍha (मूढ) or Mūḍhacetana refers to a “foolish man”, according to Kālidāsa’s Raghuvaṃśa verse 8.88-90.—Accordingly: “The wise say that death is the natural state of embodied creatures and life is a change in that state. If a being remains breathing even for a moment it is surely fortunate. The foolish man (mūḍha-cetana) regards the loss of his dear one as a dart shot into his heart. Another man looks on the same as a dart that has been pulled out, for it is a door to beatitude. When we are taught that our own body and soul unite and then separate, tell me which wise person should be tormented by separation from the external objects of the senses?”.

Kavya book cover
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Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, according to the Kubjikāmata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “[...] He who has stolen the Yoga of the Command and (the knowledge of) ritual and mantra (from his teacher) and (then) flees, does not achieve (true) balance. How can (that) fool (mūḍha) stand (firmly). (He is) like (someone whose) body (is sick) that vomits (the food he) has eaten. Whether he feels hungry or not, the body (of this) contemptuous one (is always) thin (and emaciated)”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to “one who is simple”, according to the Dattātreyayogaśāstra verse 101.4 and Yogatattvopaniṣat 1.76-78.—Accordingly, while discussing the concerns about the use of Siddhis: “These [Siddhis] are obstacles to the great Siddhi (i.e., liberation). The wise [Yogin] does not delight in them. He should never reveal his own power to anyone, except sometimes he may do so to a devotee out of kindness. The Yogin should behave among people as though dumb, simple (mūḍha) or deaf, in order to keep his powers hidden. If not, then there will surely be many students [who will] undoubtedly ask the master of Yoga [to intervene] in their own affairs. [Because of this,] he will become preoccupied with carrying out their actions and forgetful of his own [Yoga] practice”.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: HAL: The function of the Vṛṣasārasaṃgraha in the Śivadharma corpus

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to “foolish (people)”, according to the Uttarottaramahāsaṃvāda (verse 6.1-2).—Accordingly, “Umā spoke:—Just as you taught me the cow as having the above characteristics, tell me quickly, O Jagatpati: what kind of a bull is Dharma? Īśvara spoke:—In this world, foolish people (mūḍha-cetas) [mūḍhacetasaḥ] do not know that the four-legged Dharma is this bright mount of mine. ”

Shaivism book cover
context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Hinduism

Mūḍha (मूढ) is a Sanskrit word referring to a fool or rascal (asslike person).

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to “fools”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[Digression on a case brought against the Buddha; A. The accusation].—[Question].—So be it! But the Buddha sometimes has physical and vocal actions that do not seem to accompany knowledge. How is that? [...] He insults his disciples and treats them like foolish men (mohapuruṣa). He insults Devadatta and says to him: ‘You are a fool (mūḍha), a corpse (śava), a spit-swallower (kheṭāśika)’. The Buddha forbids the possession (dhāraṇa) of eight kinds of begging-bowls (pātra) and authorizes the Bhikṣus to use only two kinds of bowls: i) fired clay (mṛttikāpātra) and ii) iron (ayaḥpātra) but he himself uses a stone bowl (śailapātra). [...]”.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Mūḍha (मूढ) refers to a “fool”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Fool (mūḍha), do you not perceive the transitory behaviour of the whole world? You must do what is proper to be done. You must not deceive yourself by amusing yourself with false knowledge”.

Synonyms: Mūrkha.

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Mudha [ಮೂಧ] in the Kannada language is the name of a plant identified with Ochna obtusata from the Ochnaceae (Ramdhan Champa) family having the following synonyms: Ochna squarrosa. For the possible medicinal usage of mudha, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Biology book cover
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This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

mudhā : (ind.) gratis; for nothing.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Mudhā, (adv.) (Class. Sk. mudhā) for nothing, gratis VvA. 77. (Page 538)

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

muḍhā (मुढा).—m Commonly muḍā m esp. in Sig. I.

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mūḍha (मूढ).—a (S) Unlearned or ignorant: also dull, stupid, foolish. 2 S Immerged in the sun's rays--a planet.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

mūḍha (मूढ).—a Ignorant; dull.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Mudhā (मुधा).—ind.

1) In vain, to no purpose, uselessly, unprofitably; यत्किंचिदपि संवीक्ष्य कुरुते हसितं मुधा (yatkiṃcidapi saṃvīkṣya kurute hasitaṃ mudhā) S. D.

2) Wrongly, falsely; रात्रिः सैव पुनः स एव दिवसो मत्वा मुधा जन्तवः (rātriḥ saiva punaḥ sa eva divaso matvā mudhā jantavaḥ) Bhartṛhari 3.78 (v. l.).

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Mūḍha (मूढ).—p. p. [muh-kta]

1) Stupefied, infatuated; मूढाः शोणितगन्धेन निपेतुर्धरणीतले (mūḍhāḥ śoṇitagandhena nipeturdharaṇītale) Rām.6.52.15; प्रत्यासन्नविपत्तिमूढ- मनसां प्रायो मतिः क्षीयते (pratyāsannavipattimūḍha- manasāṃ prāyo matiḥ kṣīyate) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 2.4.

2) Perplexed, bewildered, confounded, at a loss; किंकर्तव्यतामूढः (kiṃkartavyatāmūḍhaḥ) 'being at a loss what to do'; so ह्रीमूढ (hrīmūḍha) Meghadūta 7.

3) Foolish, silly, dull, stupid, ignorant; अल्पस्य हेतोर्बहु हातुमिच्छन् विचारमूढः प्रतिभासि मे त्वम् (alpasya hetorbahu hātumicchan vicāramūḍhaḥ pratibhāsi me tvam) R.2.47.

4) Mistaken, erring, deceived, gone astray.

5) Abortive.

6) Confounding.

-ḍhaḥ A fool, blockhead, dolt, an ignorant person; मूढः परप्रत्ययनेयबुद्धिः (mūḍhaḥ parapratyayaneyabuddhiḥ) M.1.2.

-ḍhāḥ (m. pl.) An epithet of the elements in the Sāṅkhya philosophy.

-ḍham confusion of mind.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Mūḍha (मूढ) or Muṭa or Moṭa or Moṭaka.—and see s.v. moṭikā (m. ? compare Vedic mūta, mūtaka; late Sanskrit mūṭaka, [Boehtlingk]; Prakrit mūḍa, mūḍha, ‘a large measure of grain’; and s.v. mūtoḍī, which may be related), some sort of basket, bag, or large container; chiefly in an identical cliché, a list of containers and means of transporting goods: śaka- ṭair bhārair muṭaiḥ (etc.) piṭakaiḥ (this word is once or twice transposed before m°; in Kāraṇḍavvūha it is spelled piṭhakair, [Page434-b+ 71] once pī°), so, with muṭaiḥ, Kāraṇḍavvūha 28.17; 71.8; one ms. at Divyāvadāna 524.16 (and ed. by em. 501.27); mūṭaiḥ Avadāna-śataka i.199.14; Kāraṇḍavvūha 52.23; and ed. em. Divyāvadāna 524.16; mūḍhaiḥ, all mss. Divyāvadāna 332.5 (kept in ed.); 501.27 (ed. em. muṭaiḥ), and 3 of 4 mss. 524.16 (ed. em. mūṭaiḥ); moṭaiḥ Divyāvadāna 5.8; kuśa-moṭakaṃ baddhvā Mūla-Sarvāstivāda-Vinaya i.100.6.

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Mūḍha (मूढ) or Mūṭa.—see muṭa.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mudhā (मुधा).—Ind. In vain, uselessly, unprofitably, idly. E. muh to be foolish, aff. kā; ha changed to dha .

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Mūḍha (मूढ).—mfn.

(-ḍhaḥ-ḍhā-ḍhaṃ) 1. Foolish, ignorant. 2. Cold, apathetic, stupid. 3. Perplexed, in doubt. 4. Deceived, erring. m.

(-ḍhaḥ) 1. An idiot, a fool. 2. A sluggard. E. muh to be foolish, aff. kta, form irr.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mudhā (मुधा).—probably from muh (cf. the ptcple. pf. pass. mūḍha), adv. In vain, [Hitopadeśa] iii. [distich] 139.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mudhā (मुधा).—[adverb] in vain, for nothing.

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Mūḍha (मूढ).—[adjective] erred, gone astray, confused, uncertain, silly, stupid; [neuter] & † [feminine], tva† [neuter] as [abstract]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Mudhā (मुधा):—ind. (√muh) in vain, uselessly, to no purpose, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]

2) falsely, wrongly, [Bhartṛhari] ([varia lectio])

3) Mūḍha (मूढ):—[from muh] a mfn. stupefied, bewildered, perplexed, confused, uncertain or at a loss about ([locative case] or [compound]), [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.

4) [v.s. ...] stupid, foolish, dull, silly, simple, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

5) [v.s. ...] swooned, indolent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) [v.s. ...] gone astray or adrift, [Āśvalāyana-gṛhya-sūtra]

7) [v.s. ...] driven out of its course (as a ship), [Rāmāyaṇa]

8) [v.s. ...] wrong, out of the right place (as the fetus in delivery), [Suśruta]

9) [v.s. ...] not to be ascertained, not clear, indistinct, [Āpastamba; Rāmāyaṇa]

10) [v.s. ...] perplexing, confounding, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]

11) [v.s. ...] m. a fool, dolt, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

12) [v.s. ...] m. [plural] (in Sāṃkhya) Name of the elements, [Tattvasamāsa]

13) [v.s. ...] n. confusion of mind, [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]

14) b mūḍha-garbha etc. See [column]2.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Mudhā (मुधा):—adv. In vain.

2) Mūḍha (मूढ):—[(ḍhaḥ-ḍhā-ḍhaṃ) a.] Foolish; cold; sluggish; deceived; perplexed.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Mūḍha (मूढ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Muḍḍha, Muhā, Mūḍha.

[Sanskrit to German]

Mudha in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Mūḍha (मूढ):—(a) stupid, foolish, imbecile, silly; infatuated; hence ~[buddhi/mati] (a).

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Mūḍha (मूढ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Mūḍha.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Mudhā (ಮುಧಾ):—

1) [adverb] uselessly; in vain.

2) [adverb] wrongly; falsely.

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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—

1) [adjective] lacking ordinary quickness and keenness of mind; dull; stupid.

2) [adjective] 'characterised by or proceeding from mental dullness; foolish; senseless: stupid.'

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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—

1) [noun] = ಮೂಢತ್ರಯ [mudhatraya].

2) [noun] a man lacking ordinary quickness and keenness of mind; a dull, stupid fellow.

3) [noun] a man having little or no knowledge; an ignorant man.

4) [noun] aversion or disinclination to work, activity or exertion; laziness.

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Mūḍha (ಮೂಢ):—[noun] = ಮೂಢಮರ [mudhamara].

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Mūdha (ಮೂಧ):—[noun] = ಮೂಢಮರ [mudhamara].

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

1) Muḍha (मुढ):—n. → मुढो [muḍho]

2) Muḍhā (मुढा):—n. 1. stool; 2. pl. of मुढो [muḍho]

3) Mūḍha (मूढ):—adj. 1. dull; silly; foolish; stupid; 2. → मुग्ध [mugdha ] 3. illusory; deluding; fallacious; delusive;

4) Mūḍhā (मूढा):—n. → मुढा [muḍhā]

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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